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  1. Article ; Online: Left head rotation (LeHeR), an innovative approach for intubation in patients with missing and loose teeth.

    Veparala, Prudhvi Raj / Samagh, Navneh / Jangra, Kiran / Jabbal, Harmandeep Singh

    BMJ case reports

    2024  Volume 17, Issue 4

    Abstract: Missing and loose central incisors pose a great difficulty to anaesthesiologists during laryngoscopy and intubation. Left head rotation is a novel technique which facilitates intubation by improving the laryngoscopic view. We report the use of this ... ...

    Abstract Missing and loose central incisors pose a great difficulty to anaesthesiologists during laryngoscopy and intubation. Left head rotation is a novel technique which facilitates intubation by improving the laryngoscopic view. We report the use of this technique in two patients with missing or loose central incisors to prevent dental trauma.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal/methods ; Laryngoscopy/methods ; Laryngoscopes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ISSN 1757-790X
    ISSN (online) 1757-790X
    DOI 10.1136/bcr-2023-258012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Online: Lexical Tone Perception in Infants and Young Children: Empirical Studies and Theoretical Perspectives

    Singh, Leher / Burnham, Denis / Hay, Jessica / Liu, Liquan / Mattock, Karen

    2019  

    Keywords Science: general issues ; Psychology ; infant and child development ; Tone perception ; tone processing ; tone word learning ; tone acquisition ; Tone production
    Size 1 electronic resource (270 pages)
    Publisher Frontiers Media SA
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021230808
    ISBN 9782889630615 ; 2889630617
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Article ; Online: Effects of face masks on language comprehension in bilingual children.

    Singh, Leher / Quinn, Paul C

    Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 4, Page(s) 738–753

    Abstract: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many children receive language input through face coverings. The impact of face coverings for children's abilities to understand language remains unclear. Past research with monolingual children suggests that hearing words ... ...

    Abstract Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many children receive language input through face coverings. The impact of face coverings for children's abilities to understand language remains unclear. Past research with monolingual children suggests that hearing words through surgical masks does not disrupt word recognition, but hearing words through transparent face shields proves more challenging. In this study, we investigated effects of different face coverings (surgical masks and transparent face shields) on language comprehension in bilingual children. Three-year-old English-Mandarin bilingual children (N = 28) heard familiar words in both English and Mandarin spoken through transparent face shields, surgical masks, and without masks. When tested in English, children recognized words presented without a mask and through a surgical mask, but did not recognize words presented with transparent face shields, replicating past findings with monolingual children. In contrast, when tested in Mandarin, children recognized words presented without a mask, through a surgical mask, and through a transparent face shield. Results are discussed in terms of specific properties of English and Mandarin that may elicit different effects for transparent face shields. Overall, the present findings suggest that face coverings, and in particular, surgical masks do not disrupt spoken word recognition in young bilingual children.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Multilingualism ; Masks ; Comprehension ; Pandemics ; Speech Perception ; COVID-19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2020049-3
    ISSN 1532-7078 ; 1525-0008
    ISSN (online) 1532-7078
    ISSN 1525-0008
    DOI 10.1111/infa.12543
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Bilingual infants readily orient to novel visual stimuli.

    Singh, Leher / Kalashnikova, Marina / Quinn, Paul C

    Journal of experimental psychology. General

    2023  Volume 152, Issue 11, Page(s) 3218–3228

    Abstract: Bilingualism has been shown to modify infants' responses in a range of domains. In particular, early bilingual experience is associated with greater flexibility and openness in infant perception and learning. In this study, we investigated whether ... ...

    Abstract Bilingualism has been shown to modify infants' responses in a range of domains. In particular, early bilingual experience is associated with greater flexibility and openness in infant perception and learning. In this study, we investigated whether bilingual infants demonstrate more fundamental differences in how they explore their environment in ways that could contribute to greater openness. Specifically, we investigated whether bilingual infants orient more rapidly to new information. Capitalizing on a classic paradigm by Fantz (1964), monolingual and bilingual infants (5-6 months and 8-9 months) were simultaneously presented with familiar and novel stimuli. As they received increased exposure to the familiar and novel stimuli, monolingual infants demonstrated a null preference, followed by a novelty preference, as previously evidenced in Fantz's study. In contrast, an orientation toward novelty emerged more readily in bilingual infants. Characteristics of a bilingual environment that may modulate the allocation of attention toward novelty are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 189732-9
    ISSN 1939-2222 ; 0096-3445
    ISSN (online) 1939-2222
    ISSN 0096-3445
    DOI 10.1037/xge0001444
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2255: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  5. Article ; Online: He said, she said: effects of bilingualism on cross-talker word recognition in infancy.

    Singh, Leher

    Journal of child language

    2017  Volume 45, Issue 2, Page(s) 498–510

    Abstract: The purpose of the current study was to examine effects of bilingual language input on infant word segmentation and on talker generalization. In the present study, monolingually and bilingually exposed infants were compared on their abilities to ... ...

    Abstract The purpose of the current study was to examine effects of bilingual language input on infant word segmentation and on talker generalization. In the present study, monolingually and bilingually exposed infants were compared on their abilities to recognize familiarized words in speech and to maintain generalizable representations of familiarized words. Words were first presented in the context of sentences to infants and then presented to infants in isolation during a test phase. During test, words were produced by a talker of the same gender and by a talker of the opposite gender. Results demonstrated that both bilingual and monolingual infants were able to recognize familiarized words to a comparable degree. Moreover, both bilingual and monolingual infants recognized words in spite of talker variation. Results demonstrated robust word recognition and talker generalization in monolingual and bilingual infants at 8 months of age.
    MeSH term(s) Attention ; Female ; Generalization (Psychology) ; Humans ; Infant ; Language Development ; Male ; Multilingualism ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Speech Perception ; Vocabulary
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1466489-6
    ISSN 1469-7602 ; 0305-0009
    ISSN (online) 1469-7602
    ISSN 0305-0009
    DOI 10.1017/S0305000917000186
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Bilingual Infants Demonstrate Advantages in Learning Words in a Third Language.

    Singh, Leher

    Child development

    2017  Volume 89, Issue 4, Page(s) e397–e413

    Abstract: Prior research suggests that bilingualism may endow infants with greater phonological flexibility. This study investigated whether this flexibility facilitates word learning in additional languages (n = 96). Experiment 1 compared 18- to 20-month-old ... ...

    Abstract Prior research suggests that bilingualism may endow infants with greater phonological flexibility. This study investigated whether this flexibility facilitates word learning in additional languages (n = 96). Experiment 1 compared 18- to 20-month-old monolingual (English) and bilingual (English/Mandarin) infants on their ability to learn words distinguished by click consonants from a Southern African language, Ndebele. English-Mandarin bilingual infants were sensitive to Ndebele click contrasts, but monolingual English infants were not. In Experiments 2a and 2b, we investigated whether enhanced bilingual sensitivity extended to analogous nonlinguistic labels: hand claps and finger snaps. Although discriminated by infants, neither group distinguished words labeled by hand claps and finger snaps. Results suggest that bilingual infants' sustained openness to non native contrast may facilitate the uptake of words in distant languages.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Language Development ; Learning ; Male ; Multilingualism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 215602-7
    ISSN 1467-8624 ; 0009-3920
    ISSN (online) 1467-8624
    ISSN 0009-3920
    DOI 10.1111/cdev.12852
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Um IV Zs.158: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Effects of age and bilingualism on sensitivity to native and nonnative tone variation: Evidence from spoken word recognition in Mandarin Chinese learners.

    Singh, Leher / Wewalaarachchi, Thilanga D

    Developmental psychology

    2020  Volume 56, Issue 9, Page(s) 1642–1656

    Abstract: Most children learn a language such as Mandarin Chinese that uses lexical tone to communicate meaning. This study aimed to examine the phonological specificity of tone representations in monolingual and bilingual learners of Mandarin. Two age-groups were ...

    Abstract Most children learn a language such as Mandarin Chinese that uses lexical tone to communicate meaning. This study aimed to examine the phonological specificity of tone representations in monolingual and bilingual learners of Mandarin. Two age-groups were tested: toddlers (2.5 to 3.5 years) and preschoolers (4 to 5 years;
    MeSH term(s) Child, Preschool ; China ; Humans ; Language ; Multilingualism ; Phonetics ; Speech Perception
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2066223-3
    ISSN 1939-0599 ; 0012-1649
    ISSN (online) 1939-0599
    ISSN 0012-1649
    DOI 10.1037/dev0001041
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Beyond perceptual narrowing: Monolingual and bilingual infants discriminate Hindi contrasts when learning words in the second year of life.

    Singh, Leher / Tan, Annabel R Y

    Developmental psychology

    2020  Volume 57, Issue 1, Page(s) 19–32

    Abstract: A significant body of literature has demonstrated that infants demonstrate a decline in sensitivity to nonnative sound contrasts by their first birthday, a transition often thought to be adaptive for later word learning. The present study investigated ... ...

    Abstract A significant body of literature has demonstrated that infants demonstrate a decline in sensitivity to nonnative sound contrasts by their first birthday, a transition often thought to be adaptive for later word learning. The present study investigated infants' sensitivity to these contrasts in a habituation-based discrimination and word learning task (total
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Language Development ; Learning ; Linguistics ; Male ; Multilingualism ; Speech Perception ; Verbal Learning
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2066223-3
    ISSN 1939-0599 ; 0012-1649
    ISSN (online) 1939-0599
    ISSN 0012-1649
    DOI 10.1037/dev0001137
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Effects of socio-economic status on infant native and non-native phoneme discrimination.

    Singh, Leher / Cheng, Qiqi / Yeung, Wei-Jun Jean

    Developmental science

    2022  Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) e13351

    Abstract: Infants undergo fundamental shifts in perception that are reported to be critical for language acquisition. In particular, infants' perception of native and non-native sounds begins to align with the properties of their native sound system. Thus far, ... ...

    Abstract Infants undergo fundamental shifts in perception that are reported to be critical for language acquisition. In particular, infants' perception of native and non-native sounds begins to align with the properties of their native sound system. Thus far, empirical evidence for this transition - perceptual narrowing - has drawn from socio-economically and linguistically narrow populations from limited world regions. In this study, infants were sampled across diverse socio-economic strata and linguistic development in Singapore. One hundred and 16 infants were tested on their ability to discriminate both a native phonetic contrast (/ba/ versus /da/) and a non-native Hindi contrast (/ta/ versus /ʈa). Infants ranged in age from 6 to 12 months. Associations between age and discrimination varied by contrast type. Results demonstrated that infants' native sensitivities were positively predicted by family SES, whereas non-native sensitivities were not. Maternal socio-economic factors uniquely predicted native language sensitivity. Findings suggest that infants' sensitivity to native sound contrasts is influenced by their family socio-economic status. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: We investigated effects of socio-economic status on infant speech perception. Infants were tested on native and non-native speech discrimination. Socio-economic status predicted native speech discrimination. Maternal occupation was a key predictor of native speech discrimination.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Infant ; Economic Status ; Language Development ; Speech Perception ; Language ; Phonetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2023952-X
    ISSN 1467-7687 ; 1363-755X
    ISSN (online) 1467-7687
    ISSN 1363-755X
    DOI 10.1111/desc.13351
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Diversity and representation in infant research: Barriers and bridges toward a globalized science of infant development.

    Singh, Leher / Cristia, Alejandrina / Karasik, Lana B / Rajendra, Sarah J / Oakes, Lisa M

    Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 4, Page(s) 708–737

    Abstract: Psychological researchers have become increasingly concerned with generalized accounts of human behavior based on narrow participant representation. This concern is particularly germane to infant research as findings from infant studies are often invoked ...

    Abstract Psychological researchers have become increasingly concerned with generalized accounts of human behavior based on narrow participant representation. This concern is particularly germane to infant research as findings from infant studies are often invoked to theorize broadly about the origins of human behavior. In this article, we examined participant diversity and representation in research published on infant development in four journals over the past decade. Sociodemographic data were coded for all articles reporting infant data published in Child Development, Developmental Science, Developmental Psychology, and Infancy between 2011 and 2022. Analyses of 1682 empirical articles, sampling approximately 1 million participants, revealed consistent under-reporting of sociodemographic information. For studies that reported sociodemographic characteristics, there was an unwavering skew toward White infants from North America/Western Europe. To address a lack of diversity in infant studies and its scientific impact, a set of principles and practices are proposed to advance toward a more globally representative science.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Infant ; Humans ; Child Development
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2020049-3
    ISSN 1532-7078 ; 1525-0008
    ISSN (online) 1532-7078
    ISSN 1525-0008
    DOI 10.1111/infa.12545
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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