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Article: The contribution of preclinical magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy to Huntington's disease.

Pérot, Jean-Baptiste / Brouillet, Emmanuel / Flament, Julien

2024 Volume 16, Page(s) 1306312

Abstract: Huntington's disease is an inherited disorder characterized by psychiatric, cognitive, and motor symptoms due to degeneration of medium spiny neurons in the striatum. A prodromal phase precedes the onset, lasting decades. Current biomarkers include ... ...

Abstract	Huntington's disease is an inherited disorder characterized by psychiatric, cognitive, and motor symptoms due to degeneration of medium spiny neurons in the striatum. A prodromal phase precedes the onset, lasting decades. Current biomarkers include clinical score and striatal atrophy using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). These markers lack sensitivity for subtle cellular changes during the prodromal phase. MRI and MR spectroscopy offer different contrasts for assessing metabolic, microstructural, functional, or vascular alterations in the disease. They have been used in patients and mouse models. Mouse models can be of great interest to study a specific mechanism of the degenerative process, allow better understanding of the pathogenesis from the prodromal to the symptomatic phase, and to evaluate therapeutic efficacy. Mouse models can be divided into three different constructions: transgenic mice expressing exon-1 of human huntingtin (HTT), mice with an artificial chromosome expressing full-length human HTT, and knock-in mouse models with CAG expansion inserted in the murine htt gene. Several studies have used MRI/S to characterized these models. However, the multiplicity of modalities and mouse models available complicates the understanding of this rich corpus. The present review aims at giving an overview of results obtained using MRI/S for each mouse model of HD, to provide a useful resource for the conception of neuroimaging studies using mouse models of HD. Finally, despite difficulties in translating preclinical protocols to clinical applications, many biomarkers identified in preclinical models have already been evaluated in patients. This review also aims to cover this aspect to demonstrate the importance of MRI/S for studying HD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2558898-9
ISSN	1663-4365
ISSN	1663-4365
DOI	10.3389/fnagi.2024.1306312
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Tree branch through the orbit into the skull: A case report.

Flament, Julien / Moraine, Astrid

Radiology case reports

2021 Volume 16, Issue 4, Page(s) 795–797

Abstract: A 78-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department with a tree branch through the orbit. Her condition was rated 15/15 on the Glasgow coma scale. Computed tomography showed that the distal extremity of the branch was located between the ... ...

Abstract	A 78-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department with a tree branch through the orbit. Her condition was rated 15/15 on the Glasgow coma scale. Computed tomography showed that the distal extremity of the branch was located between the intracavernous segment of the internal carotid artery and the temporal lobe. The foreign body pushed aside without penetrating the medial rectus, the optic nerve, the internal carotid artery, and the temporal lobe. No intracranial bleeding or pneumencephaly was observed. The chirurgical option was confirmed and the patient transferred for extraction of the foreign body by traction in the axis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-27
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2406300-9
ISSN	1930-0433
ISSN	1930-0433
DOI	10.1016/j.radcr.2021.01.037
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Article ; Online: Pre-hospital emergency medicine in Belgium: an overview of an evolving medical and paramedical organization.

Thonon, Henri / Scius, Nathan / Flament, Julien

European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine

2022 Volume 29, Issue 3, Page(s) 230–232

MeSH term(s)	Belgium ; Emergency Medicine ; Hospitals ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1233544-7
ISSN	1473-5695 ; 0969-9546
ISSN (online)	1473-5695
ISSN	0969-9546
DOI	10.1097/MEJ.0000000000000892
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Longitudinal MRI and 1H-MRS study of SCA7 mouse forebrain reveals progressive multiregional atrophy and early brain metabolite changes indicating early neuronal and glial dysfunction.

Pérot, Jean-Baptiste / Niewiadomska-Cimicka, Anna / Brouillet, Emmanuel / Trottier, Yvon / Flament, Julien

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) e0296790

Abstract: SpinoCerebellar Ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is an inherited disorder caused by CAG triplet repeats encoding polyglutamine expansion in the ATXN7 protein, which is part of the transcriptional coactivator complex SAGA. The mutation primarily causes ... ...

Abstract	SpinoCerebellar Ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is an inherited disorder caused by CAG triplet repeats encoding polyglutamine expansion in the ATXN7 protein, which is part of the transcriptional coactivator complex SAGA. The mutation primarily causes neurodegeneration in the cerebellum and retina, as well as several forebrain structures. The SCA7140Q/5Q knock-in mouse model recapitulates key disease features, including loss of vision and motor performance. To characterize the temporal progression of brain degeneration of this model, we performed a longitudinal study spanning from early to late symptomatic stages using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and in vivo 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Compared to wild-type mouse littermates, MRI analysis of SCA7 mice shows progressive atrophy of defined brain structures, with the striatum, thalamus and cortex being the first and most severely affected. The volume loss of these structures coincided with increased motor impairments in SCA7 mice, suggesting an alteration of the sensory-motor network, as observed in SCA7 patients. MRI also reveals atrophy of the hippocampus and anterior commissure at mid-symptomatic stage and the midbrain and brain stem at late stage. 1H-MRS of hippocampus, a brain region previously shown to be dysfunctional in patients, reveals early and progressive metabolic alterations in SCA7 mice. Interestingly, abnormal glutamine accumulation precedes the hippocampal atrophy and the reduction in myo-inositol and total N-acetyl-aspartate concentrations, two markers of glial and neuronal damage, respectively. Together, our results indicate that non-cerebellar alterations and glial and neuronal metabolic impairments may play a crucial role in the development of SCA7 mouse pathology, particularly at early stages of the disease. Degenerative features of forebrain structures in SCA7 mice correspond to current observations made in patients. Our study thus provides potential biomarkers that could be used for the evaluation of future therapeutic trials using the SCA7140Q/5Q model.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Longitudinal Studies ; Spinocerebellar Ataxias/diagnostic imaging ; Spinocerebellar Ataxias/genetics ; Spinocerebellar Ataxias/pathology ; Ataxin-7/genetics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prosencephalon/metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Atrophy/pathology
Chemical Substances	Ataxin-7
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0296790
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Longitudinal MRI and 1H-MRS study of SCA7 mouse forebrain reveals progressive multiregional atrophy and early brain metabolite changes indicating early neuronal and glial dysfunction

Jean-Baptiste Pérot / Anna Niewiadomska-Cimicka / Emmanuel Brouillet / Yvon Trottier / Julien Flament

PLoS ONE, Vol 19, Iss

2024 Volume 1

Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Tree branch through the orbit into the skull

Julien Flament / Astrid Moraine

Radiology Case Reports, Vol 16, Iss 4, Pp 795-

A case report

2021 Volume 797

Abstract	A 78-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department with a tree branch through the orbit. Her condition was rated 15/15 on the Glasgow coma scale. Computed tomography showed that the distal extremity of the branch was located between the intracavernous segment of the internal carotid artery and the temporal lobe. The foreign body pushed aside without penetrating the medial rectus, the optic nerve, the internal carotid artery, and the temporal lobe. No intracranial bleeding or pneumencephaly was observed. The chirurgical option was confirmed and the patient transferred for extraction of the foreign body by traction in the axis.
Keywords	Computed tomography ; Orbital trauma ; Intracranial foreign body ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Longitudinal MRI and 1H-MRS study of SCA7 mouse forebrain reveals progressive multiregional atrophy and early brain metabolite changes indicating early neuronal and glial dysfunction.

Jean-Baptiste Pérot / Anna Niewiadomska-Cimicka / Emmanuel Brouillet / Yvon Trottier / Julien Flament

PLoS ONE, Vol 19, Iss 1, p e

2024 Volume 0296790

Abstract	SpinoCerebellar Ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is an inherited disorder caused by CAG triplet repeats encoding polyglutamine expansion in the ATXN7 protein, which is part of the transcriptional coactivator complex SAGA. The mutation primarily causes neurodegeneration in the cerebellum and retina, as well as several forebrain structures. The SCA7140Q/5Q knock-in mouse model recapitulates key disease features, including loss of vision and motor performance. To characterize the temporal progression of brain degeneration of this model, we performed a longitudinal study spanning from early to late symptomatic stages using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and in vivo 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Compared to wild-type mouse littermates, MRI analysis of SCA7 mice shows progressive atrophy of defined brain structures, with the striatum, thalamus and cortex being the first and most severely affected. The volume loss of these structures coincided with increased motor impairments in SCA7 mice, suggesting an alteration of the sensory-motor network, as observed in SCA7 patients. MRI also reveals atrophy of the hippocampus and anterior commissure at mid-symptomatic stage and the midbrain and brain stem at late stage. 1H-MRS of hippocampus, a brain region previously shown to be dysfunctional in patients, reveals early and progressive metabolic alterations in SCA7 mice. Interestingly, abnormal glutamine accumulation precedes the hippocampal atrophy and the reduction in myo-inositol and total N-acetyl-aspartate concentrations, two markers of glial and neuronal damage, respectively. Together, our results indicate that non-cerebellar alterations and glial and neuronal metabolic impairments may play a crucial role in the development of SCA7 mouse pathology, particularly at early stages of the disease. Degenerative features of forebrain structures in SCA7 mice correspond to current observations made in patients. Our study thus provides potential biomarkers that could be used for the evaluation of future ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome in the pregnant patient: clinical case and literature review.

Flament, Julien / Scius, Nathan / Thonon, Henri

International journal of emergency medicine

2020 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 52

Abstract: Background: Cannabis use is on the rise. Several cases of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, secondary to chronic cannabis intoxication, have been described worldwide, but few cases have described this entity in pregnant women.: Case presentation: We ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cannabis use is on the rise. Several cases of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, secondary to chronic cannabis intoxication, have been described worldwide, but few cases have described this entity in pregnant women. Case presentation: We describe a 29-year-old pregnant patient that had consumed cannabis and experienced uncontrolled vomiting. The use of hot baths, the rapid improvement in symptoms, and results of complementary examinations suggested a diagnosis of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. The patient could return home, and she continued her pregnancy and childbirth without peculiarities. Conclusion: Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of vomiting in pregnancy. Consumption of cannabis must be systematically included in the anamnesis. However, it seems to be somewhat unacceptable socially or medically. Consumption must be stopped to manage symptoms.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2411462-5
ISSN	1865-1380 ; 1865-1372
ISSN (online)	1865-1380
ISSN	1865-1372
DOI	10.1186/s12245-020-00311-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Do Non-COVID-19 Patients' Behaviour Towards Emergency Changed During the COVID-19 Outbreak? A Severity-Based Approach.

Flament, Julien / Clarembeau, Frederic / Hayden, Charlotte / Scius, Nathan / Regnier, Maxime / Thonon, Henri

Open access emergency medicine : OAEM

2022 Volume 14, Page(s) 473–479

Abstract: Objective: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) declined. The main goal of this study was to compare and describe the non-COVID-19 patient's disease severity presentation during the pandemic ... ...

Abstract	Objective: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) declined. The main goal of this study was to compare and describe the non-COVID-19 patient's disease severity presentation during the pandemic with its pre-pandemic severity. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study. We selected two samples of visits: one during the first COVID-19 wave of 2020 (pandemic period, PP) and the other during the same months of 2019 (control period, CP). The primary endpoints were the comparison of severity and distribution of the Emergency Severity Index (ESI). Secondary endpoints were comparisons of specific patient characteristics (age, sex, length of the symptoms before the visits, spontaneous visits or not, return home or not). Results: The mean ESI of the visits during the PP (3.19) was statistically significantly lower ( Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic caused a change in the pattern of non-COVID-19 visits, with proportionally more severe presentations based on the ESI. To our knowledge, this is the first description of changes in behaviour in ED visits by specifically non-COVID-19 patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-23
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2520704-0
ISSN	1179-1500
ISSN	1179-1500
DOI	10.2147/OAEM.S368254
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Whole brain mapping of glutamate distribution in adult and old primates at 11.7T.

Garin, Clément M / Nadkarni, Nachiket A / Pépin, Jérémy / Flament, Julien / Dhenain, Marc

NeuroImage

2022 Volume 251, Page(s) 118984

Abstract: Glutamate is the amino acid with the highest cerebral concentration. It plays a central role in brain metabolism. It is also the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and is involved in multiple cognitive functions. Alterations of the ... ...

Abstract	Glutamate is the amino acid with the highest cerebral concentration. It plays a central role in brain metabolism. It is also the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and is involved in multiple cognitive functions. Alterations of the glutamatergic system may contribute to the pathophysiology of many neurological disorders. For example, changes of glutamate availability are reported in rodents and humans during Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases, epilepsy as well as during aging. Most studies evaluating cerebral glutamate have used invasive or spectroscopy approaches focusing on specific brain areas. Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer imaging of glutamate (gluCEST) is a recently developed imaging technique that can be used to study relative changes in glutamate distribution in the entire brain with higher sensitivity and at higher resolution than previous techniques. It thus has strong potential clinical applications to assess glutamate changes in the brain. High field is a key condition to perform gluCEST images with a meaningful signal to noise ratio. Thus, even if some studies started to evaluate gluCEST in humans, most studies focused on rodent models that can be imaged at high magnetic field. In particular, systematic characterization of gluCEST contrast distribution throughout the whole brain has never been performed in humans or non-human primates. Here, we characterized for the first time the distribution of the gluCEST contrast in the whole brain and in large-scale networks of mouse lemur primates at 11.7 Tesla. Because of its small size, this primate can be imaged in high magnetic field systems. It is widely studied as a model of cerebral aging or Alzheimer's disease. We observed high gluCEST contrast in cerebral regions such as the nucleus accumbens, septum, basal forebrain, cortical areas 24 and 25. Age-related alterations of this biomarker were detected in the nucleus accumbens, septum, basal forebrain, globus pallidus, hypophysis, cortical areas 24, 21, 6 and in olfactory bulbs. An age-related gluCEST contrast decrease was also detected in specific neuronal networks, such as fronto-temporal and evaluative limbic networks. These results outline regional differences of gluCEST contrast and strengthen its potential to provide new biomarkers of cerebral function in primates.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain Mapping ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Primates
Chemical Substances	Glutamic Acid (3KX376GY7L)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1147767-2
ISSN	1095-9572 ; 1053-8119
ISSN (online)	1095-9572
ISSN	1053-8119
DOI	10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118984
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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