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Article ; Online: Tuberculosis prevalence: beyond the tip of the iceberg.

Houben, Rein M G J / Esmail, Hanif / Cobelens, Frank / Williams, Caroline M L / Coussens, Anna K

2022 Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) 537–539

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2686754-0
ISSN	2213-2619 ; 2213-2600
ISSN (online)	2213-2619
ISSN	2213-2600
DOI	10.1016/S2213-2600(22)00184-9
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Article ; Online: Optimizing androgen receptor prioritization using high-throughput assay-based activity models.

Bever, Ronnie Joe / Edwards, Stephen W / Antonijevic, Todor / Nelms, Mark D / Ring, Caroline / Harris, Danni / Lynn, Scott G / Williams, David / Chappell, Grace / Boyles, Rebecca / Borghoff, Susan / Markey, Kristan J

Frontiers in toxicology

2024 Volume 6, Page(s) 1347364

Abstract: Introduction: ...

Abstract	Introduction:
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2673-3080
ISSN (online)	2673-3080
DOI	10.3389/ftox.2024.1347364
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Article ; Online: Pulsed Broad-Spectrum UV Light Effectively Inactivates SARS-CoV-2 on Multiple Surfaces and N95 Material.

Jureka, Alexander S / Williams, Caroline G / Basler, Christopher F

Viruses

2021 Volume 13, Issue 3

Abstract: The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in an increased need for technologies capable of efficiently disinfecting public spaces as well as personal protective equipment. UV light disinfection is a well-established method for inactivating respiratory ...

Abstract	The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in an increased need for technologies capable of efficiently disinfecting public spaces as well as personal protective equipment. UV light disinfection is a well-established method for inactivating respiratory viruses. Here, we have determined that broad-spectrum, pulsed UV light is effective at inactivating SARS-CoV-2 on multiple surfaces in vitro. For hard, non-porous surfaces, we observed that SARS-CoV-2 was inactivated to undetectable levels on plastic and glass with a UV dose of 34.9 mJ/cm
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/virology ; Disinfection/instrumentation ; Disinfection/methods ; Humans ; Masks/virology ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; SARS-CoV-2/radiation effects ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Virus Inactivation/radiation effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13030460
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Article ; Online: Global net biome CO

Famiglietti, Caroline A / Worden, Matthew / Quetin, Gregory R / Smallman, T Luke / Dayal, Uma / Bloom, A Anthony / Williams, Mathew / Konings, Alexandra G

Global change biology

2023 Volume 29, Issue 8, Page(s) 2256–2273

Abstract: Accurate estimation and forecasts of net biome ... ...

Abstract	Accurate estimation and forecasts of net biome CO
MeSH term(s)	Ecosystem ; Carbon Dioxide ; Bayes Theorem ; Climate ; Carbon Cycle
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.16574
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Article ; Online: Characteristics of sudden death by clinical criteria.

Sefton, Christopher / Keen, Susan / Tybout, Caroline / Lin, Feng-Chang / Jiang, Huijun / Joodi, Golsa / Williams, Jefferson G / Simpson, Ross J

Medicine

2023 Volume 102, Issue 16, Page(s) e33029

Abstract: Sudden death is a leading cause of deaths nationally. Definitions of sudden death vary greatly, resulting in imprecise estimates of its frequency and incomplete knowledge of its risk factors. The degree to which time-based and coronary artery disease ( ... ...

Abstract	Sudden death is a leading cause of deaths nationally. Definitions of sudden death vary greatly, resulting in imprecise estimates of its frequency and incomplete knowledge of its risk factors. The degree to which time-based and coronary artery disease (CAD) criteria impacts estimates of sudden death frequency and risk factors is unknown. Here, we apply these criteria to a registry of all-cause sudden death to assess its impact on sudden death frequency and risk factors. The sudden unexpected death in North Carolina (SUDDEN) project is a registry of out of-hospital, adjudicated, sudden unexpected deaths attended by Emergency Medical Services. Deaths were not excluded by time since last seen or alive or by prior symptoms or diagnosis of CAD. Common criteria for sudden death based on time since last seen alive (both 24 hours and 1 hour) and prior diagnosis of CAD were applied to the SUDDEN case registry. The proportion of cases satisfying each of the 4 criteria was calculated. Characteristics of victims within each restrictive set of criteria were measured and compared to the SUDDEN registry. There were 296 qualifying sudden deaths. Application of 24 hour and 1 hour timing criteria compared to no timing criteria reduced cases by 25.0% and 69.6%, respectively. Addition of CAD criteria to each timing criterion further reduced qualifying cases, for a total reduction of 81.8% and 90.5%, respectively. However, characteristics among victims meeting restrictive criteria remained similar to the unrestricted population. Timing and CAD criteria dramatically reduces estimates of the number of sudden deaths without significantly impacting victim characteristics.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Death, Sudden/epidemiology ; Death, Sudden/etiology ; Risk Factors ; Coronary Artery Disease/complications ; North Carolina/epidemiology ; Emergency Medical Services ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/epidemiology ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology ; Cause of Death
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80184-7
ISSN	1536-5964 ; 0025-7974
ISSN (online)	1536-5964
ISSN	0025-7974
DOI	10.1097/MD.0000000000033029
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Article ; Online: Multi-locus genomic signatures of local adaptation to snow across the landscape in California populations of a willow leaf beetle.

Keller, Abigail G / Dahlhoff, Elizabeth P / Bracewell, Ryan / Chatla, Kamalakar / Bachtrog, Doris / Rank, Nathan E / Williams, Caroline M

Proceedings. Biological sciences

2023 Volume 290, Issue 2005, Page(s) 20230630

Abstract: Organisms living in mountains contend with extreme climatic conditions, including short growing seasons and long winters with extensive snow cover. Anthropogenic climate change is driving unprecedented, rapid warming of montane regions across the globe, ... ...

Abstract	Organisms living in mountains contend with extreme climatic conditions, including short growing seasons and long winters with extensive snow cover. Anthropogenic climate change is driving unprecedented, rapid warming of montane regions across the globe, resulting in reduced winter snowpack. Loss of snow as a thermal buffer may have serious consequences for animals overwintering in soil, yet little is known about how variability in snowpack acts as a selective agent in montane ecosystems. Here, we examine genomic variation in California populations of the leaf beetle
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ecosystem ; Salix ; Coleoptera/genetics ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Climate Change ; Genomics ; Seasons
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	209242-6
ISSN	1471-2954 ; 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
ISSN (online)	1471-2954
ISSN	0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
DOI	10.1098/rspb.2023.0630
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Article ; Online: Author Correction: Effect of 5-weeks participation in The Daily Mile on cognitive function, physical fitness, and body composition in children.

Dring, Karah J / Hatch, Lorna M / Williams, Ryan A / Morris, John G / Sunderland, Caroline / Nevill, Mary E / Cooper, Simon B

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 17672

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-22494-5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A great way to bring up health behaviour topics at playgroup: a qualitative evaluation of the Healthy Conversations @ Playgroup program.

Middleton, Georgia / Johnson, Brittany J / Dutch, Dimity / Trost, Stewart G / Byrne, Rebecca / Christian, Hayley E / Henry, Anna / Terranova, Caroline O / Williams, Kate E / Chai, Li Kheng / Brookes, Denise S K / Simon, Kate / Golley, Rebecca K

BMC public health

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 890

Abstract: Background: The early years is a critical stage to establish optimal nutrition and movement behaviours. Community playgroups are a relaxed environment for parents with a focus on social connection and supporting parents in their role as 'First Teachers'. ...

Abstract	Background: The early years is a critical stage to establish optimal nutrition and movement behaviours. Community playgroups are a relaxed environment for parents with a focus on social connection and supporting parents in their role as 'First Teachers'. Playgroups are therefore an opportunistic setting to promote health behaviours in the early years. To support parents with young children around healthy lifestyle behaviours, the Healthy Conversations @ Playgroup program was delivered in urban and regional areas, across three Australian jurisdictions between 2021-2023. Objective: This qualitative evaluation aimed to understand how the Healthy Conversations @ Playgroup program was experienced by parents, playgroup coordinators and peer facilitators. Design: Semi-structured virtual interviews and focus groups were conducted with parents, playgroup coordinators (i.e., person responsible for coordinating the playgroup) and peer facilitators (i.e., trained facilitator for the program) that participated in the Healthy Conversations @ Playgroup study. Transcripts were analysed following a thematic analysis approach. Results: Twenty-eight playgroup parents, coordinators or peer facilitators participated in one of 8 focus groups or 5 interviews. Four themes were developed: Program strengths and challenges; Setting strengths and challenges; Factors that impact program delivery; Participant's suggestions for future program delivery. Conclusions: The Healthy Conversations @ Playgroup program was valued by parents, providing validation and normalisation of parenting practices, and fostering a shared experience of parenting. Playgroups are a convenient setting for families to attend. The dynamic and distracting nature of the playgroup setting were carefully considered when designing the program. Strategies to further enhance program engagement could include use of coordinator or parent champions, tailored delivery, and extending the reach to other family members. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12621000055808, registered 22 January 2021, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=380890.
MeSH term(s)	Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Australia ; Health Behavior ; Health Promotion ; Parenting ; Parents ; Qualitative Research ; Clinical Trials as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-024-17703-x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Effects of a games-based physical education lesson on cognitive function in adolescents.

Gilbert, Luke M / Dring, Karah J / Williams, Ryan A / Boat, Ruth / Sunderland, Caroline / Morris, John G / Nevill, Mary E / Cooper, Simon B

Frontiers in psychology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1098861

Abstract: Despite the importance of physical education (PE) lessons for physical activity in adolescents, the acute cognitive responses to PE lessons have not been explored; a gap in the literature that this study addresses. Following familiarisation, 76 (39 ... ...

Abstract	Despite the importance of physical education (PE) lessons for physical activity in adolescents, the acute cognitive responses to PE lessons have not been explored; a gap in the literature that this study addresses. Following familiarisation, 76 (39 female) adolescents (12.2 ± 0.4 y) completed two trials (60 min games-based PE lesson and 60 min academic lesson) separated by 7-d in a counterbalanced, crossover design. Attention, executive function, working memory, and perception were assessed 30 min before, immediately post, and 45 min post-lesson in both trials. Participants were split into high-and low-fit groups based on a gender-specific median split of distance run on the multi-stage fitness test. Furthermore, participants were split into high and low MVPA groups based on a gender-specific median split of MVPA time (time spent >64% HR max) during the PE lesson. Overall, a 60 min games-based PE lesson had no effect on perception, working memory, attention, or executive function in adolescents (all
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1098861
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Article ; Online: Marburg and Ebola Virus mRNA 3' Untranslated Regions Contain Negative Regulators of Translation That Are Modulated by ADAR1 Editing.

Khadka, Sudip / Williams, Caroline G / Sweeney-Gibbons, Joyce / Basler, Christopher F

Journal of virology

2021 Volume 95, Issue 19, Page(s) e0065221

Abstract: The filovirus family includes deadly pathogens such as Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV). A substantial portion of filovirus genomes encode 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of viral mRNAs. Select viral genomic RNA sequences corresponding ... ...

Abstract	The filovirus family includes deadly pathogens such as Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV). A substantial portion of filovirus genomes encode 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of viral mRNAs. Select viral genomic RNA sequences corresponding to 3' UTRs are prone to editing by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1). A reporter mRNA approach, in which different 5' or 3' UTRs were inserted into luciferase-encoding mRNAs, demonstrates that MARV 3' UTRs yield different levels of reporter gene expression, suggesting modulation of translation. The modulation occurs in cells unable to produce microRNAs (miRNAs) and can be recapitulated in a MARV minigenome assay. Deletion mutants identified negative regulatory regions at the ends of the MARV nucleoprotein (NP) and large protein (L) 3' UTRs. Apparent ADAR1 editing mutants were previously identified within the MARV NP 3' UTR. Introduction of these changes into the MARV nucleoprotein (NP) 3' UTR or deletion of the region targeted for editing enhances translation, as indicated by reporter assays and polysome analysis. In addition, the parental NP 3' UTR, but not the edited or deletion mutant NP 3' UTRs, induces a type I interferon (IFN) response upon transfection into cells. Because some EBOV isolates from the West Africa outbreak exhibited ADAR1 editing of the viral protein of 40 kDa (VP40) 3' UTR, VP40 3' UTRs with parental and edited sequences were similarly assayed. The EBOV VP40 3' UTR edits also enhanced translation, but neither the wild-type nor the edited 3' UTRs induced IFN. These findings implicate filoviral mRNA 3' UTRs as negative regulators of translation that can be inactivated by innate immune responses that induce ADAR1.
MeSH term(s)	3' Untranslated Regions ; Adenosine Deaminase/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Ebolavirus/genetics ; Ebolavirus/metabolism ; Genes, Reporter ; Humans ; Interferon Type I/biosynthesis ; Marburgvirus/genetics ; Marburgvirus/metabolism ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Mutation ; Nucleocapsid Proteins/genetics ; Nucleocapsid Proteins/metabolism ; Polyribosomes/metabolism ; Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA Editing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Viral Matrix Proteins/genetics ; Viral Matrix Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	3' Untranslated Regions ; Interferon Type I ; MicroRNAs ; Nucleocapsid Proteins ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; VP40 protein, virus ; Viral Matrix Proteins ; nucleoprotein, Marburg virus (145717-56-2) ; ADAR protein, human (EC 3.5.4.37) ; Adenosine Deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	80174-4
ISSN	1098-5514 ; 0022-538X
ISSN (online)	1098-5514
ISSN	0022-538X
DOI	10.1128/JVI.00652-21
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