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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 Incubation Period during Omicron BA.5–Dominant Period, Japan

Hao-Yuan Cheng / Andrei R. Akhmetzhanov / Jonathan Dushoff

Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 30, Iss 1, Pp 206-

2024 Volume 207

Keywords	COVID-19 ; respiratory infections ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Omicron ; incubation period ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 Incubation Period during Omicron BA.5-Dominant Period, Japan.

Cheng, Hao-Yuan / Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R / Dushoff, Jonathan

Emerging infectious diseases

2024 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 206–207

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Japan/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Infectious Disease Incubation Period
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1380686-5
ISSN	1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
ISSN (online)	1080-6059
ISSN	1080-6040
DOI	10.3201/eid3001.230208
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Early Prompt Response to COVID-19 in Taiwan

Hao-Yuan Cheng / Ding-Ping Liu

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, Vol 123, Iss , Pp S2-S

Comprehensive surveillance, decisive border control, and information technology support

2024 Volume 7

Abstract: Since the COVID-19 outbreak was detected in Wuhan in December 2019 by the event-based surveillance of Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan has been aligning risk management to policy planning with the assistance of comprehensive surveillance and ... ...

Abstract	Since the COVID-19 outbreak was detected in Wuhan in December 2019 by the event-based surveillance of Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan has been aligning risk management to policy planning with the assistance of comprehensive surveillance and regular rapid risk assessments. Taiwan Central Epidemic Command Center (CECC) promptly initiated stepwise border control for major cities and provinces in China, European and American countries, and eventually expanded it to the whole world in March 2020. With stringent quarantine measures, the early response not only successfully blocked the first wave of imported cases, but also slowed down subsequent large local outbreaks. Digital technologies including digital fencing and government database linkage were adopted to facilitate the application of public health interventions and data collection. The experience of Taiwan's prompt and comprehensive response at the early stage may contribute to the preparedness for the next disease X outbreak.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; Quarantine ; Information technology ; Surveillance ; Taiwan ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Early Prompt Response to COVID-19 in Taiwan: Comprehensive surveillance, decisive border control, and information technology support.

Cheng, Hao-Yuan / Liu, Ding-Ping

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi

2022 Volume 123 Suppl 1, Page(s) S2–S7

Abstract	Since the COVID-19 outbreak was detected in Wuhan in December 2019 by the event-based surveillance of Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan has been aligning risk management to policy planning with the assistance of comprehensive surveillance and regular rapid risk assessments. Taiwan Central Epidemic Command Center (CECC) promptly initiated stepwise border control for major cities and provinces in China, European and American countries, and eventually expanded it to the whole world in March 2020. With stringent quarantine measures, the early response not only successfully blocked the first wave of imported cases, but also slowed down subsequent large local outbreaks. Digital technologies including digital fencing and government database linkage were adopted to facilitate the application of public health interventions and data collection. The experience of Taiwan's prompt and comprehensive response at the early stage may contribute to the preparedness for the next disease X outbreak.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Information Technology ; Taiwan/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Public Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-11
Publishing country	Singapore
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2096659-3
ISSN	1876-0821 ; 0929-6646
ISSN (online)	1876-0821
ISSN	0929-6646
DOI	10.1016/j.jfma.2022.11.002
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Perforated gastric ulcer causing mediastinal emphysema: A case report.

Dai, Zhi-Cheng / Gui, Xun-Wu / Yang, Feng-He / Zhang, Hao-Yuan / Zhang, Wen-Feng

World journal of clinical cases

2024 Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) 859–864

Abstract: Background: Mediastinal emphysema is a condition in which air enters the mediastinum between the connective tissue spaces within the pleura for a variety of reasons. It can be spontaneous or secondary to chest trauma, esophageal perforation, medically ... ...

Abstract	Background: Mediastinal emphysema is a condition in which air enters the mediastinum between the connective tissue spaces within the pleura for a variety of reasons. It can be spontaneous or secondary to chest trauma, esophageal perforation, medically induced factors, Case summary: A 75-year-old man, living alone, presented with sudden onset of severe epigastric pain with chest tightness after drinking alcohol. Due to the remoteness of his residence and lack of neighbors, the patient was found by his nephew and brought to the hospital the next morning after the disease onset. Computed tomography (CT) showed free gas in the abdominal cavity, mediastinal emphysema, and subcutaneous pneumothorax. Upper gastrointestinal angiography showed that the esophageal mucosa was intact and the gastric antrum was perforated. Therefore, we chose to perform open gastric perforation repair on the patient under thoracic epidural anesthesia combined with intravenous anesthesia. An operative incision of the muscle layer of the patient's abdominal wall was made, and a large amount of subperitoneal gas was revealed. And a continued incision of the peritoneum revealed the presence of a perforation of approximately 0.5 cm in the gastric antrum, which we repaired after pathological examination. Postoperatively, the patient received high-flow oxygen and cough exercises. Chest CT was performed on the first and sixth postoperative days, and the mediastinal and subcutaneous gas was gradually reduced. Conclusion: After gastric perforation, a large amount of free gas in the abdominal cavity can reach the mediastinum through the loose connective tissue at the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm, and upper gastrointestinal angiography can clarify the site of perforation. In patients with mediastinal emphysema, open surgery avoids the elevation of the diaphragm caused by pneumoperitoneum compared to laparoscopic surgery and avoids increasing the mediastinal pressure. In addition, thoracic epidural anesthesia combined with intravenous anesthesia also avoids pressure on the mediastinum from mechanical ventilation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2307-8960
ISSN	2307-8960
DOI	10.12998/wjcc.v12.i4.859
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Research on the manipulation of iron ions and alkalis in Chlorella vulgaris culture

Cheng, Hao-Yuan / Shao, Zhi-Heng

South African Journal of Botany. 2022 Oct. 07,

2022

Abstract: The use of microalgae as raw materials to produce various new biomass energy in the aquaculture industry has become a key issue in building a friendly ecology. However, maximizing algal growth and profit by regulating iron ion concentration (Fe³⁺) and ... ...

Abstract	The use of microalgae as raw materials to produce various new biomass energy in the aquaculture industry has become a key issue in building a friendly ecology. However, maximizing algal growth and profit by regulating iron ion concentration (Fe³⁺) and acid-base value (pH) remains a major challenge. Therefore, this study utilized Chlorella vulgaris to explore the influence of Fe³⁺ concentration and initial pH value on algal growth to obtain optimum economic benefits and chemical culture conditions. Using an air-lift columnar photobioreactor for cultivation and a fluorescent lamp as a light source, the experiments were conducted at a light intensity of 3,537 Lux at approximately 24 °C. To achieve economically optimal culture conditions, the daily OD₆₆₀ value of the Chlorella vulgaris cultures was used to explore the effects of different iron ion concentrations and initial pH values on algae growth and biomass accumulation. Our results demonstrated that different iron ion concentrations and pH conditions of the algal culture rendered different effects on Chlorella vulgaris growth. Overall, the enriched iron-containing medium was more favorable for algae growth. Over time, the medium with higher iron concentration (1.0g/L) achieved higher OD faster and its accumulated chlorophyll was higher. Moreover, the initial pH of the algae culture medium affected its growth mainly within the first three days. Particularly, a weak alkaline environment (e.g., pH 8.27) benefited Chlorella vulgaris growth during the initial growth period. With the results of this study, our research determined the optimal Chlorella production conditions that maximize economic benefits.
Keywords	Chlorella vulgaris ; algae culture ; aquaculture industry ; bioenergy ; biomass production ; botany ; chlorophyll ; culture media ; ecology ; fluorescent lamps ; light intensity ; microalgae ; pH ; photobioreactors ; Iron ion concentration ; Optimization
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1007
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	2126918-X
ISSN	0254-6299
ISSN	0254-6299
DOI	10.1016/j.sajb.2022.10.013
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Effects of male age, body size and mating status on female mate preference and offspring sex ratio in Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Hymenoptera

Jing LI / Yu WANG / Yong-Zhuo CHEN / Peng-Cheng LIU / Hao-Yuan HU

European Journal of Entomology, Vol 120, Iss 1, Pp 1-

Pteromalidae)

2023 Volume 8

Abstract: Mate choice is one of the main components of sexual selection, with females usually considered to be the selective sex. Male status is an important factor that affects female choice and to a large extent female mating preference. Pachycrepoideus ... ...

Abstract	Mate choice is one of the main components of sexual selection, with females usually considered to be the selective sex. Male status is an important factor that affects female choice and to a large extent female mating preference. Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) is an important solitary ectoparasitic idiobiont parasitoid that attacks several fly species and thus can be used as a biological control agent. We explored the influence of male status on mate selection, fecundity and offspring sex ratio. The results show that (1) P. vindemmiae females prefer to mate with young and large males and tended to choose males with only one mating experience; (2) the age, body size and mating status of males did not significantly affect female fecundity; and (3) the proportion of male offspring was larger when females mated with older, small and more often mated males. These results show that P. vindemmiae females prefer to mate with young and large males that had mated few times, and that mating with these males results in a higher proportion of female offspring. In addition, this study also indicates the way of rearing P. vindemmiae that produce more female offspring for use as biological control agents.
Keywords	insect ; parasitoid ; sexual selection ; female choice ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Science
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Test, trace, and isolate in the UK.

Cheng, Hao-Yuan / Cohen, Ted / Lin, Hsien-Ho

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

2021 Volume 372, Page(s) n822

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/transmission ; COVID-19/virology ; COVID-19 Testing/methods ; Contact Tracing/methods ; Humans ; Patient Isolation/methods ; Program Evaluation ; Public Health/economics ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1362901-3
ISSN	1756-1833 ; 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
ISSN (online)	1756-1833
ISSN	0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
DOI	10.1136/bmj.n822
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Incubation-period estimates of Omicron (BA.1) variant from Taiwan, December 2021–January 2022, and its comparison to other SARS-CoV-2 variants: a statistical modeling, systematic search and meta-analysis

Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R. / Cheng, Hao-Yuan / Dushoff, Jonathan

medRxiv

Abstract: Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has seen several variants of concern, including the Omicron (BA.1) variant which emerged in October 2021. Accurately estimating the incubation period of these variants is crucial for predicting disease spread and ...

Abstract	Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has seen several variants of concern, including the Omicron (BA.1) variant which emerged in October 2021. Accurately estimating the incubation period of these variants is crucial for predicting disease spread and formulating effective public health strategies. However, existing estimates often conflict because of biases arising from the dynamic nature of epidemic growth and selective inclusion of cases. This study aims to accurately estimate of the Omicron (BA.1) variant incubation period based on data from Taiwan, where disease incidence remained low and contact tracing was comprehensive during the first months of the Omicron outbreak. Methods: We reviewed 100 contact-tracing records for cases of the Omicron BA.1 variant reported between December 2021 and January 2022, and found enough information to analyze 70 of these. The incubation period distribution was estimated by fitting data on exposure and symptom onset within a Bayesian mixture model using gamma, Weibull, and lognormal distributions as candidates. Additionally, a systematic literature search was conducted to accumulate data for estimates of the incubation period for Omicron (BA.1/2, BA.4/5) subvariants, which was then used for meta-analysis and comparison. Results: The mean incubation period was estimated at 3.5 days (95% credible interval: 3.1-4.0 days), with no clear differences when stratified by vaccination status or age. This estimate aligns closely with the pooled mean of 3.4 days (3.0-3.8 days) obtained from a meta-analysis of other published studies on Omicron subvariants. Conclusions: The relatively shorter incubation period of the Omicron variant, as compared to previous SARS-CoV2 variants, implies its potential for rapid spread but also opens the possibility for individuals to voluntarily adopt shorter, more resource-efficient quarantine periods. Continual updates to incubation period estimates, utilizing data from comprehensive contact tracing, are crucial for effectively guiding these voluntary actions and adjusting high socio-economic cost interventions.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-24
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2023.07.20.23292983
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Enhancing nurses' perceptions of having a place to reduce turnover intentions.

Chang, Hao-Yuan / Lee, I-Chen / Huang, Tzu-Ling / Ho, Lun-Hui / Chen, Li-Chen / Cheng, T C E / Teng, Ching-I

International nursing review

2024

Abstract: Aim: To investigate whether education, tenure, being an advanced practice nurse, skill level, and time pressure impact perceptions of "having a place" and, further, turnover intentions.: Background: Nursing shortages persist worldwide. Nurses' ... ...

Abstract	Aim: To investigate whether education, tenure, being an advanced practice nurse, skill level, and time pressure impact perceptions of "having a place" and, further, turnover intentions. Background: Nursing shortages persist worldwide. Nurses' turnover intentions are negatively related to their perceptions of "having a place" (i.e., the feeling that the nursing workplace is their territory). However, the sources of nurses' perceptions of the perception of "having a place" remain unknown. Methods: Our research employed a cross-sectional and correlational design. This research was conducted at a large-scale hospital in northern Taiwan from December 2021 to January 2022. We used personnel data pertaining to 430 nurses as well as scales for time pressure, "having a place" and turnover intentions to assess nurses' intention to leave their place of employment. The inclusion criteria focused on full-time nurses who worked for the hospital under investigation. Most of our participants were women. The STROBE statement was used as the EQUATOR checklist (supplemental file). Results: "Having a place" was positively related to educational level, tenure, and skill level, while being an advanced practice nurse was negatively associated with perceptions of "having a place," which in turn were negatively related to turnover intention among nurses. Conclusion: Our study is the first to examine the antecedents of nurses' perceptions of "having a place," which include education, tenure, and skill level. Implications for nursing policy: Nursing policymakers could encourage nurses to pursue higher degrees and update their nursing skills while instilling perceptions of "having a place" in nurses with a brief tenure and advanced practice nurses.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80342-x
ISSN	1466-7657 ; 0020-8132
ISSN (online)	1466-7657
ISSN	0020-8132
DOI	10.1111/inr.12930
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