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Article ; Online: Protein and Antibody Engineering: Suppressing Degranulation of the Mast Cells and Type I Hypersensitivity Reaction.

Rajani, Huda Fatima / Shahidi, Solmaz / Gomari, Mohammad Mahmoudi

2020 Volume 21, Issue 8, Page(s) 831–841

Abstract: With an increase in atopic cases and owing to a significant role of mast cells in type I hypersensitivity, a therapeutic need to inhibit degranulation of mast cells has risen. Mast cells are notorious for IgE-mediated allergic response. Advancements have ...

Abstract	With an increase in atopic cases and owing to a significant role of mast cells in type I hypersensitivity, a therapeutic need to inhibit degranulation of mast cells has risen. Mast cells are notorious for IgE-mediated allergic response. Advancements have allowed researchers to improve clinical outcomes of already available therapies. Engineered peptides and antibodies can be easily manipulated to attain desired characteristics as per the biological environment. A number of these molecules are designed to target mast cells in order to regulate the release of histamine and other mediators, thereby controlling type I hypersensitivity response. The aim of this review paper is to highlight some of the significant molecules designed for the purpose.
MeSH term(s)	Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Cell Degranulation/drug effects ; Cell Degranulation/immunology ; Desensitization, Immunologic/methods ; Gene Expression ; Histamine/biosynthesis ; Histamine/immunology ; Histamine Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/genetics ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/immunology ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/pathology ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/therapy ; Immunoglobulin E/biosynthesis ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Mast Cells/drug effects ; Mast Cells/immunology ; Mast Cells/pathology ; Protein Engineering/methods ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Receptors, Fc/genetics ; Receptors, Fc/immunology
Chemical Substances	Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Histamine Antagonists ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Receptors, Fc ; Immunoglobulin E (37341-29-0) ; Histamine (820484N8I3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-23
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2045662-1
ISSN	1875-5550 ; 1389-2037
ISSN (online)	1875-5550
ISSN	1389-2037
DOI	10.2174/1389203721666200511094717
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Zs.A 5884: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Rational peptide design for targeting cancer cell invasion.

Gomari, Mohammad Mahmoudi / Arab, Seyed Shahriar / Balalaie, Saeed / Ramezanpour, Sorour / Hosseini, Arshad / Dokholyan, Nikolay V / Tarighi, Parastoo

Proteins

2023 Volume 92, Issue 1, Page(s) 76–95

Abstract: Cell invasion is an important process in cancer progression and recurrence. Invasion and implantation of cancer cells from their original place to other tissues, by disabling vital organs, challenges the treatment of cancer patients. Given the importance ...

Abstract	Cell invasion is an important process in cancer progression and recurrence. Invasion and implantation of cancer cells from their original place to other tissues, by disabling vital organs, challenges the treatment of cancer patients. Given the importance of the matter, many molecular treatments have been developed to inhibit cancer cell invasion. Because of their low production cost and ease of production, peptides are valuable therapeutic molecules for inhibiting cancer cell invasion. In recent years, advances in the field of computational biology have facilitated the design of anti-cancer peptides. In our investigation, using computational biology approaches such as evolutionary analysis, residue scanning, protein-peptide interaction analysis, molecular dynamics, and free energy analysis, our team designed a peptide library with about 100 000 candidates based on A6 (acetyl-KPSSPPEE-amino) sequence which is an anti-invasion peptide. During computational studies, two of the designed peptides that give the highest scores and showed the greatest sequence similarity to A6 were entered into the experimental analysis workflow for further analysis. In experimental analysis steps, the anti-metastatic potency and other therapeutic effects of designed peptides were evaluated using MTT assay, RT-qPCR, zymography analysis, and invasion assay. Our study disclosed that the IK1 (acetyl-RPSFPPEE-amino) peptide, like A6, has great potency to inhibit the invasion of cancer cells.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator/chemistry ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator/pharmacology ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator/therapeutic use ; Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator ; Peptides/pharmacology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness
Chemical Substances	Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator (EC 3.4.21.73) ; Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator ; Peptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	806683-8
ISSN	1097-0134 ; 0887-3585
ISSN (online)	1097-0134
ISSN	0887-3585
DOI	10.1002/prot.26580
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Article ; Online: Synthesis and Characterization of Folic Acid-Functionalized DPLA-co-PEG Nanomicelles for the Targeted Delivery of Letrozole.

Rostami, Neda / Gomari, Mohammad Mahmoudi / Abdouss, Majid / Moeinzadeh, Alaa / Choupani, Edris / Davarnejad, Reza / Heidari, Reza / Bencherif, Sidi A

ACS applied bio materials

2023 Volume 6, Issue 5, Page(s) 1806–1815

Abstract: An effective treatment for hormone-dependent breast cancer is chemotherapy using cytotoxic agents such as letrozole (LTZ). However, most anticancer drugs, including LTZ, are classified as class IV biopharmaceuticals, which are associated with low water ... ...

Abstract	An effective treatment for hormone-dependent breast cancer is chemotherapy using cytotoxic agents such as letrozole (LTZ). However, most anticancer drugs, including LTZ, are classified as class IV biopharmaceuticals, which are associated with low water solubility, poor bioavailability, and significant toxicity. As a result, developing a targeted delivery system for LTZ is critical for overcoming these challenges and limitations. Here, biodegradable LTZ-loaded nanocarriers were synthesized by solvent emulsification evaporation using nanomicelles prepared with dodecanol-polylactic acid-co-polyethylene glycol (DPLA-co-PEG). Furthermore, cancer cell-targeting folic acid (FA) was conjugated into the nanomicelles to achieve a more effective and safer cancer treatment. During our investigation, DPLA-co-PEG and DPLA-co-PEG-FA displayed a uniform and spherical morphology. The average diameters of DPLA-co-PEG and DPLA-co-PEG-FA nanomicelles were 86.5 and 241.3 nm, respectively. Our preliminary data suggest that both nanoformulations were cytocompatible, with ≥90% cell viability across all concentrations tested. In addition, the amphiphilic nature of the nanomicelles led to high drug loading and dispersion in water, resulting in the extended release of LTZ for up to 50 h. According to the Higuchi model, nanomicelles functionalized with FA have a greater potential for the controlled delivery of LTZ into target cells. This model was confirmed experimentally, as LTZ-containing DPLA-co-PEG-FA was significantly and specifically more cytotoxic (up to 90% cell death) toward MCF-7 cells, a hormone-dependent human breast cancer cell line, when compared to free LTZ and LTZ-containing DPLA-co-PEG. Furthermore, a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 87 ± 1 nM was achieved when MCF-7 cells were exposed to LTZ-containing DPLA-co-PEG-FA, whereas higher doses of 125 ± 2 and 100 ± 2 nM were required for free LTZ and LTZ-containing DPLA-co-PEG, respectively. Collectively, DPLA-co-PEG-FA represents a promising nanosized drug delivery system to target controllably the delivery of drugs such as chemotherapeutics.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Letrozole/therapeutic use ; Drug Carriers/therapeutic use ; Nanoparticles ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Polyethylene Glycols/therapeutic use ; Hormones/therapeutic use ; Folic Acid ; Water
Chemical Substances	Letrozole (7LKK855W8I) ; Drug Carriers ; Antineoplastic Agents ; poly(lactic acid-ethylene glycol) ; Polyethylene Glycols (3WJQ0SDW1A) ; Hormones ; Folic Acid (935E97BOY8) ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ISSN	2576-6422
ISSN (online)	2576-6422
DOI	10.1021/acsabm.3c00041
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Article ; Online: Insight into molecular characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein following D614G point mutation, a molecular dynamics study.

Mahmoudi Gomari, Mohammad / Rostami, Neda / Omidi-Ardali, Hossein / Arab, Seyed Shahriar

Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics

2021 Volume 40, Issue 12, Page(s) 5634–5642

Abstract: Undoubtedly, the SARS-CoV-2 has become a major concern for all societies due to its catastrophic effects on public health. In addition, mutations and changes in the structure of the virus make it difficult to design effective treatment. Moreover, the ... ...

Abstract	Undoubtedly, the SARS-CoV-2 has become a major concern for all societies due to its catastrophic effects on public health. In addition, mutations and changes in the structure of the virus make it difficult to design effective treatment. Moreover, the amino acid sequence of a protein is a major factor in the formation of the second and tertiary structure in a protein. Amino acid replacement can have noticeable effects on the folding of a protein, especially if an asymmetric change (substitution of polar residue with non-polar, charged with an uncharged, positive charge with a negative charge, or large residue with small residue) occurs. D614G as a spike mutant of SARS-CoV-2 previously identified as an associated risk factor with a high mortality rate of this virus. Using structural bioinformatics, our group determined that D614G mutation could cause extensive changes in SARS-CoV-2 behavior including the secondary structure, receptor binding pattern, 3D conformation, and stability of it.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Mutation ; Point Mutation ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	49157-3
ISSN	1538-0254 ; 0739-1102
ISSN (online)	1538-0254
ISSN	0739-1102
DOI	10.1080/07391102.2021.1872418
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Zs.A 2093: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The role of S477N mutation in the molecular behavior of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: An in-silico perspective.

Mondeali, Mozhgan / Etemadi, Ali / Barkhordari, Khabat / Mobini Kesheh, Mina / Shavandi, Sara / Bahavar, Atefeh / Tabatabaie, Fatemeh Hosseini / Mahmoudi Gomari, Mohammad / Modarressi, Mohammad H

Journal of cellular biochemistry

2023 Volume 124, Issue 2, Page(s) 308–319

Abstract: The attachment of SARA-CoV-2 happens between ACE2 and the receptor binding domain (RBD) on the spike protein. Mutations in this domain can affect the binding affinity of the spike protein for ACE2. S477N, one of the most common mutations reported in the ... ...

Abstract	The attachment of SARA-CoV-2 happens between ACE2 and the receptor binding domain (RBD) on the spike protein. Mutations in this domain can affect the binding affinity of the spike protein for ACE2. S477N, one of the most common mutations reported in the recent variants, is located in the RBD. Today's computational approaches in biology, especially during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, assist researchers in predicting a protein's behavior in contact with other proteins in more detail. In this study, we investigated the interactions of the S477N-hACE2 in silico to find the impact of this mutation on its binding affinity for ACE2 and immunity responses using dynamics simulation, protein-protein docking, and immunoinformatics methods. Our computational analysis revealed an increased binding affinity of N477 for ACE2. Four new hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds in the mutant RBD-ACE2 were formed (with S19 and Q24 of ACE2), which do not exist in the wild type. Also, the protein spike structure in this mutation was associated with an increase in stabilization and a decrease in its fluctuations at the atomic level. N477 mutation can be considered as the cause of increased escape from the immune system through MHC-II.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Mutation ; Protein Binding ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Chemical Substances	spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392402-6
ISSN	1097-4644 ; 0730-2312
ISSN (online)	1097-4644
ISSN	0730-2312
DOI	10.1002/jcb.30367
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Zs.A 1114: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Design, Synthesis, and Comparison of PLA-PEG-PLA and PEG-PLA-PEG Copolymers for Curcumin Delivery to Cancer Cells.

Rostami, Neda / Faridghiasi, Farzaneh / Ghebleh, Aida / Noei, Hadi / Samadzadeh, Meisam / Gomari, Mohammad Mahmoudi / Tajiki, Alireza / Abdouss, Majid / Aminoroaya, Alireza / Kumari, Manisha / Heidari, Reza / Uversky, Vladimir N / Smith, Bryan R

Polymers

2023 Volume 15, Issue 14

Abstract: Curcumin (CUR) has potent anticancer activities, and its bioformulations, including biodegradable polymers, are increasingly able to improve CUR's solubility, stability, and delivery to cancer cells. In this study, copolymers comprising poly (L-lactide)- ... ...

Abstract	Curcumin (CUR) has potent anticancer activities, and its bioformulations, including biodegradable polymers, are increasingly able to improve CUR's solubility, stability, and delivery to cancer cells. In this study, copolymers comprising poly (L-lactide)-poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (L-lactide) (PLA-PEG-PLA) and poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (L-lactide)-poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG-PLA-PEG) were designed and synthesized to assess and compare their CUR-delivery capacity and inhibitory potency on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Molecular dynamics simulations and free energy analysis indicated that PLA-PEG-PLA has a higher propensity to interact with the cell membrane and more negative free energy, suggesting it is the better carrier for cell membrane penetration. To characterize the copolymer synthesis, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527146-5
ISSN	2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
ISSN (online)	2073-4360
ISSN	2073-4360
DOI	10.3390/polym15143133
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Article ; Online: Moderately hyperglycemia as an independent prognostic factor for the worse outcome of COVID-19.

Nateghi, Saeed / Gomari, Mohammad Mahmoudi / Roudsari, Yousef Jalali / Foroughi, Alireza / Mansouri, Fariba / Shiva, Ashkan / Nasrollahizadeh, Ali / Nasiri, Zohreh / Faraji, Neda

Primary care diabetes

2022 Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) 361–364

Abstract: Background: Blood sugar (BS) has been proposed as a prognostic factor for COVID-19. In this historical cohort study we evaluated the association between admission time BS and COVID-19 outcome.: Methods: First, hospitalized COVID-19 patients were ... ...

Abstract	Background: Blood sugar (BS) has been proposed as a prognostic factor for COVID-19. In this historical cohort study we evaluated the association between admission time BS and COVID-19 outcome. Methods: First, hospitalized COVID-19 patients were divided into three groups; Non-diabetic patients with BS < 140 mg/dl (N = 394), non-diabetic patients with BS ≥ 140 mg/dl (N = 113) and diabetic patients (N = 315). Mortality, ICU admission, and length of hospital stay were compared between groups and odds ratio was adjusted using logistic regression. Results: After adjustment with pre-existing conditions and drugs, it was shown that non-diabetic patients with BS ≥ 140 mg/dl are at increased risk of mortality (aOR 1.89 (0.99-3.57)) and ICU admission (aOR 2.62 (1.49-4.59)) even more than diabetic patients (aOR 1.72 (1.07-2.78) for mortality and aOR 2.28 (1.47-3.54) for ICU admission. Conclusions: Admission time hyperglycemia predicts worse outcome of COVID-19 and BS ≥ 140 mg/dl is associated with a markedly increase in ICU admission and mortality.
MeSH term(s)	Blood Glucose ; COVID-19 ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus/therapy ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia/diagnosis ; Hyperglycemia/epidemiology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2273997-X
ISSN	1878-0210 ; 1751-9918
ISSN (online)	1878-0210
ISSN	1751-9918
DOI	10.1016/j.pcd.2022.03.005
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of pH change effects on the HSA folding and its drug binding characteristics, a computational biology investigation.

Gomari, Mohammad Mahmoudi / Rostami, Neda / Faradonbeh, Davood Rabiei / Asemaneh, Hamid Reza / Esmailnia, Giti / Arab, Shahriar / Farsimadan, Marziye / Hosseini, Arshad / Dokholyan, Nikolay V

Proteins

2022 Volume 90, Issue 11, Page(s) 1908–1925

Abstract: The binding of therapeutics to human serum albumin (HSA), which is an abundant protein in plasma poses a major challenge in drug discovery. Although HSA has several binding pockets, the binding site I on D2 and binding site II on D3 are the main binding ... ...

Abstract	The binding of therapeutics to human serum albumin (HSA), which is an abundant protein in plasma poses a major challenge in drug discovery. Although HSA has several binding pockets, the binding site I on D2 and binding site II on D3 are the main binding pockets of HSA. To date, a few experiments have been conducted to examine the effects of the potential of hydrogen (pH) changes on HSA attributes. In the present investigation, the effect of acidic (pH 7.1) and basic states (pH 7.7) on HSA structure and its drug binding potency were examined in comparison with the physiological state (pH 7.4). For this purpose, molecular dynamics (MD), free energy landscape (FEL), principal component analysis (PCA), probability distribution function (PDF), tunnel-cavity investigation, secondary structure analysis, docking study, and free energy investigation were employed to investigate the effect of pH changes on the structural characteristics of HSA at the atomic level. The results obtained from this study revealed the significant effect of pH alterations on the secondary and tertiary structure of HSA. In addition, HSA stability and its drug binding ability can be severely affected following pH changes. Given that pH change frequently occurs in various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and kidney failure, therefore, pharmaceutical companies should allocate specific consideration to this subject throughout their drug design experiments.
MeSH term(s)	Binding Sites ; Circular Dichroism ; Computational Biology ; Humans ; Hydrogen ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Protein Binding ; Serum Albumin, Human/metabolism ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Thermodynamics
Chemical Substances	Hydrogen (7YNJ3PO35Z) ; Serum Albumin, Human (ZIF514RVZR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	806683-8
ISSN	1097-0134 ; 0887-3585
ISSN (online)	1097-0134
ISSN	0887-3585
DOI	10.1002/prot.26386
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Article ; Online: CD44 polymorphisms and its variants, as an inconsistent marker in cancer investigations.

Gomari, Mohammad Mahmoudi / Farsimadan, Marziye / Rostami, Neda / Mahmoudi, Zahra / Fadaie, Mahmood / Farhani, Ibrahim / Tarighi, Parastoo

Mutation research. Reviews in mutation research

2021 Volume 787, Page(s) 108374

Abstract: Among cell surface markers, CD44 is considered the main marker for identifying and isolating the cancer stem cells (CSCs) among other cells and has attracted significant attention in a variety of research areas. Many studies have shown the essential ... ...

Abstract	Among cell surface markers, CD44 is considered the main marker for identifying and isolating the cancer stem cells (CSCs) among other cells and has attracted significant attention in a variety of research areas. Many studies have shown the essential roles of CD44 in initiation, metastasis, and tumorigenesis in different types of cancer; however, the validity of CD44 as a therapeutic or diagnostic target has not been fully confirmed in some other studies. Whereas the association of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CD44 gene and related variants with cancer risk have been observed in clinical investigations, the significance of these findings remains controversial. Here, we aimed to provide an up-to-date overview of recent studies on the association of CD44 polymorphisms and its variants with different kinds of cancer to determine whether or not it can be used as an appropriate candidate for cancer tracking.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors/genetics ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/pathology ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
Chemical Substances	CD44 protein, human ; Hyaluronan Receptors
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2727833-5
ISSN	1388-2139 ; 1383-5742
ISSN (online)	1388-2139
ISSN	1383-5742
DOI	10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108374
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Article ; Online: Designing a chimeric subunit vaccine for influenza virus, based on HA2, M2e and CTxB: a bioinformatics study.

Jafari, Davod / Malih, Sara / Gomari, Mohammad Mahmoudi / Safari, Marzieh / Jafari, Rasool / Farajollahi, Mohammad Morad

BMC molecular and cell biology

2020 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 89

Abstract: Background: Type A influenza viruses are contagious and even life-threatening if left untreated. So far, no broadly protective vaccine is available due to rapid antigenic changes and emergence of new subtypes of influenza virus. In this study, we ... ...

Abstract	Background: Type A influenza viruses are contagious and even life-threatening if left untreated. So far, no broadly protective vaccine is available due to rapid antigenic changes and emergence of new subtypes of influenza virus. In this study, we exploited bioinformatics tools in order to design a subunit chimeric vaccine from the antigenic and highly conserved regions of HA and M2 proteins of H7N9 subtype of influenza virus. We used mucosal adjuvant candidates, including CTxB, STxB, ASP-1, and LTB to stimulate mucosal immunity and analyzed the combination of HA2, M2e, and the adjuvant. Furthermore, to improve the antigen function and to maintain their three-dimensional structure, 12 different linkers including six rigid linkers and six flexible linkers were used. The 3D structure model was generated using a combination of homology and ab initio modeling methods and the molecular dynamics of the model were analyzed, either. Results: Analysis of different adjuvants showed that using CtxB as an adjuvant, results in higher overall vaccine stability and higher half-life among four adjuvant candidates. Fusion of antigens and the CTxB in the form of M2e-linker-CTxB-linker-HA2 has the most stability and half life compared to other combination forms. Furthermore, the KPKPKP rigid linker showed the best result for this candidate vaccine among 12 analyzed linkers. The changes in the vaccine 3D structure made by linker insertion found to be negligible, however, although small, the linker insertion between the antigens causes the structure to change slightly. Eventually, using predictive tools such as Ellipro, NetMHCpan I and II, CD4episcore, CTLpred, BepiPred and other epitope analyzing tools, we analyzed the conformational and linear epitopes of the vaccine. The solubility, proteasome cleavage sites, peptidase and potential chemical cutters, codon optimization, post translational modification were also carried out on the final vaccine. Conclusions: It is concluded that M2e-Linker-CTxB-Linker-HA2 combination of chimeric vaccine retains its 3D structure and antigenicity when KPKPKP used as linker and CTxB used as adjuvant.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2661-8850
ISSN (online)	2661-8850
DOI	10.1186/s12860-020-00334-6
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