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Article ; Online: Correction: Detection of β-amyloid aggregates/plaques in 5xFAD mice by labelled native PLGA nanoparticles: implication in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Govindarajan, Karthivashan / Kar, Satyabrata

2023 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 251

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2100022-0
ISSN	1477-3155 ; 1477-3155
ISSN (online)	1477-3155
ISSN	1477-3155
DOI	10.1186/s12951-023-02009-8
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Article ; Online: Detection of β-amyloid aggregates/plaques in 5xFAD mice by labelled native PLGA nanoparticles: implication in the diagnosis of alzheimer's disease.

Govindarajan, Karthivashan / Kar, Satyabrata

Journal of nanobiotechnology

2023 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 216

Abstract: Evidence suggests that increased level/aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, together with enhanced phosphorylation/aggregation of tau protein, play a critical role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia in the ... ...

Abstract	Evidence suggests that increased level/aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, together with enhanced phosphorylation/aggregation of tau protein, play a critical role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. At present, AD diagnosis is based primarily on cognitive assessment, neuroimaging, and immunological assays to detect altered levels/deposition of Aβ peptides and tau protein. While measurement of Aβ and tau in the cerebrospinal fluid/blood can indicate disease status, neuroimaging of aggregated Aβ and tau protein in the brain using positron emission tomography (PET) enable to monitor the pathological changes in AD patients. With advancements in nanomedicine, several nanoparticles, apart from drug-delivery, have been used as a diagnostic agent to identify more accurately changes in AD patients. Recently, we reported that FDA approved native PLGA nanoparticles can interact with Aβ to inhibit its aggregation/toxicity in cellular and animal models of AD. Here, we reveal that fluorescence labelled native PLGA following acute intracerebellar injection can identify majority of the immunostained Aβ as well as Congo red labelled neuritic plaques in the cortex of 5xFAD mice. Labelling of plaques by PLGA is apparent at 1 h, peak around 3 h and then start declining by 24 h after injection. No fluorescent PLGA was detected in the cerebellum of 5xFAD mice or in any brain regions of wild-type control mice following injection. These results provide the very first evidence that native PLGA nanoparticles can be used as a novel nano-theragnostic agent in the treatment as well as diagnosis of AD pathology.
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; tau Proteins/metabolism ; Plaque, Amyloid/metabolism ; Nanoparticles ; Brain/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice, Transgenic
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; tau Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2100022-0
ISSN	1477-3155 ; 1477-3155
ISSN (online)	1477-3155
ISSN	1477-3155
DOI	10.1186/s12951-023-01957-5
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Article ; Online: Lung Fibrosis Following Acute Covid-19 Infection in an Infant.

Rokaiyya, Anis / Koushwambi, Kar / Satyabrata, Roy Chowdhoury / Mihir, Sarkar

Indian journal of pediatrics

2022 Volume 89, Issue 7, Page(s) 728

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/complications ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/etiology ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-11
Publishing country	India
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	218231-2
ISSN	0973-7693 ; 0019-5456
ISSN (online)	0973-7693
ISSN	0019-5456
DOI	10.1007/s12098-022-04137-9
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Zs.A 826: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Administration of Kainic Acid Differentially Alters Astrocyte Markers and Transiently Enhanced Phospho-tau Level in Adult Rat Hippocampus.

Dahal, Abhishek / Govindarajan, Karthivashan / Kar, Satyabrata

Neuroscience

2023 Volume 516, Page(s) 27–41

Abstract: Kainic acid (KA), an analogue of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, when administered systemically can trigger seizures and neuronal loss in a manner that mirrors the neuropathology of human mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE), which affects ∼50 ...

Abstract	Kainic acid (KA), an analogue of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, when administered systemically can trigger seizures and neuronal loss in a manner that mirrors the neuropathology of human mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE), which affects ∼50 million people globally. Evidence suggests that changes in astrocytes which precede neuronal damage play an important role in the degeneration of neurons and/or development of seizures in TLE pathogenesis. Additionally, a role for microtubule associated tau protein, involved in various neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, has also been suggested in the development of seizure and/or neurodegeneration in TLE pathogenesis. At present, possible alterations of different subtypes of astrocytes and their association, if any, with tau protein in TLE remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated alterations of different subtypes of astrocytes and phospho-/cleaved-tau levels in KA-treated rat model of TLE. Our results reveal that levels/expression of various astrocyte markers such as GFAP, vimentin, S100B, Aldh1L1, but not GS, are increased in the hippocampus of KA-treated rats. The levels/expression of both A1(C3+) and A2(S100A10+)-like astrocytes are also increased in KA-treated rats. Concurrently, the total (Tau1 and Tau5) and phospho-tau (AT270 and PHF1) levels are transiently enhanced following KA administration. Furthermore, the level/expression of cleaved-tau, which is apparent in a subset of GFAP-, S100B- and A2-positive astrocytes, are increased in KA-treated rats. These results, taken together, suggest a differential role for various astrocytic subpopulations and tau protein in the development of seizure and/or loss of neurons in KA model of TLE and possibly in human mTLE pathogenesis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adult ; Rats ; Animals ; Kainic Acid ; Astrocytes/metabolism ; tau Proteins/metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Seizures/metabolism ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal
Chemical Substances	Kainic Acid (SIV03811UC) ; tau Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	196739-3
ISSN	1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
ISSN (online)	1873-7544
ISSN	0306-4522
DOI	10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.02.010
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Zs.A 1215: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Quantitative models of auditory cortical processing.

Sadagopan, Srivatsun / Kar, Manaswini / Parida, Satyabrata

Hearing research

2023 Volume 429, Page(s) 108697

Abstract: To generate insight from experimental data, it is critical to understand the inter-relationships between individual data points and place them in context within a structured framework. Quantitative modeling can provide the scaffolding for such an ... ...

Abstract	To generate insight from experimental data, it is critical to understand the inter-relationships between individual data points and place them in context within a structured framework. Quantitative modeling can provide the scaffolding for such an endeavor. Our main objective in this review is to provide a primer on the range of quantitative tools available to experimental auditory neuroscientists. Quantitative modeling is advantageous because it can provide a compact summary of observed data, make underlying assumptions explicit, and generate predictions for future experiments. Quantitative models may be developed to characterize or fit observed data, to test theories of how a task may be solved by neural circuits, to determine how observed biophysical details might contribute to measured activity patterns, or to predict how an experimental manipulation would affect neural activity. In complexity, quantitative models can range from those that are highly biophysically realistic and that include detailed simulations at the level of individual synapses, to those that use abstract and simplified neuron models to simulate entire networks. Here, we survey the landscape of recently developed models of auditory cortical processing, highlighting a small selection of models to demonstrate how they help generate insight into the mechanisms of auditory processing. We discuss examples ranging from models that use details of synaptic properties to explain the temporal pattern of cortical responses to those that use modern deep neural networks to gain insight into human fMRI data. We conclude by discussing a biologically realistic and interpretable model that our laboratory has developed to explore aspects of vocalization categorization in the auditory pathway.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Auditory Cortex/physiology ; Acoustic Stimulation ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Auditory Pathways/physiology ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Models, Neurological
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	282629-x
ISSN	1878-5891 ; 0378-5955
ISSN (online)	1878-5891
ISSN	0378-5955
DOI	10.1016/j.heares.2023.108697
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Zs.A 1467: Show issues

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ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Carbon Dots and Their Polymeric Nanocomposites: Insight into Their Synthesis, Photoluminescence Mechanisms, and Recent Trends in Sensing Applications.

Kar, Dilip Kumar / V, Praveenkumar / Si, Satyabrata / Panigrahi, Harekrishna / Mishra, Smrutirekha

ACS omega

2024 Volume 9, Issue 10, Page(s) 11050–11080

Abstract: Carbon dots (CDs), a novel class of carbon-based nanoparticles, have received a lot of interest recently due to their exceptional mechanical, chemical, and fluorescent properties, as well as their excellent photostability and biocompatibility. CDs' ... ...

Abstract	Carbon dots (CDs), a novel class of carbon-based nanoparticles, have received a lot of interest recently due to their exceptional mechanical, chemical, and fluorescent properties, as well as their excellent photostability and biocompatibility. CDs' emission properties have already found a variety of potential applications, in which bioimaging and sensing are major highlights. It is widely acknowledged that CDs' fluorescence and surface conditions are closely linked. However, due to the structural complexity of CDs, the specific underlying process of their fluorescence is uncertain and yet to be explained. Because of their low toxicity, robust and wide optical absorption, high chemical stability, rapid transfer characteristics, and ease of modification, CDs have been recognized as promising carbon nanomaterials for a variety of sensing applications. Thus, following such outstanding properties of CDs, they have been mixed and imprinted onto different polymeric components to achieve a highly efficient nanocomposite with improved functional groups and properties. Here, in this review, various approaches and techniques for the preparation of polymer/CDs nanocomposites have been elaborated along with the individual characteristics of CDs. CDs/polymer nanocomposites recently have been highly demanded for sensor applications. The insights from this review are detailed sensor applications of polymer/CDs nanocomposites especially for detection of different chemical and biological analytes such as metal ions, small organic molecules, and several contaminants.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2470-1343
ISSN (online)	2470-1343
DOI	10.1021/acsomega.3c07612
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Article ; Online: Effects of Specific Inhibitors for CaMK1D on a Primary Neuron Model for Alzheimer’s Disease

Paige Grant / Jitendra Kumar / Satyabrata Kar / Michael Overduin

Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 7669, p

2021 Volume 7669

Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Despite extensive research and targeting of the main molecular components of the disease, beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, there are currently no treatments that alter the progression of ... ...

Abstract	Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Despite extensive research and targeting of the main molecular components of the disease, beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, there are currently no treatments that alter the progression of the disease. Here, we examine the effects of two specific kinase inhibitors for calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1D (CaMK1D) on Aβ-mediated toxicity, using mouse primary cortical neurons. Tau hyperphosphorylation and cell death were used as AD indicators. These specific inhibitors were found to prevent Aβ induced tau hyperphosphorylation in culture, but were not able to protect cells from Aβ induced toxicity. While inhibitors were able to alter AD pathology in cell culture, they were insufficient to prevent cell death. With further research and development, these inhibitors could contribute to a multi-drug strategy to combat AD.
Keywords	Alzheimer’s disease ; kinase inhibitor ; CaMK1D ; beta-amyloid ; tau phosphorylation ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Mental health disorders in English newspapers of India: A retrospective study.

Arneaud, Gervan J / Kar, Anindya / Majumder, Sunrit / Molodynski, Andrew / Lovett, Kate / Kar, Satyabrata

The International journal of social psychiatry

2022 Volume 69, Issue 3, Page(s) 646–652

Abstract: Background: In recent years there has been significant coverage of mental health in Indian newspapers; the media can play a significant role in perpetuating as well as reducing stigma towards people with mental illness. This paper analyses the content, ... ...

Abstract	Background: In recent years there has been significant coverage of mental health in Indian newspapers; the media can play a significant role in perpetuating as well as reducing stigma towards people with mental illness. This paper analyses the content, context and type of newspaper coverage of various mental health disorders in English language newspapers in India between 2016 and 2021. Methods: A detailed analysis was performed on a sample of articles about mental illness in a range of English language Indian newspapers. Results: Depression was the most prevalent topic amongst the articles followed by anxiety, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Our study describes a wide range of use of mental health disorders in various newspapers. All diagnoses were generally described in a criminal context like homicide, sexual assault and other crimes. Over time newspaper coverage of mental illness has become less stigmatising. Further exploration of non-English medium newspapers is required to fully understand the extent of the role of print media in perpetuating unhelpful stereotypes of people with mental illness in India.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Stereotyping ; Mental Health ; Retrospective Studies ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; India
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3062-4
ISSN	1741-2854 ; 0020-7640
ISSN (online)	1741-2854
ISSN	0020-7640
DOI	10.1177/00207640221132426
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Zs.A 181: Show issues

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ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Effects of Specific Inhibitors for CaMK1D on a Primary Neuron Model for Alzheimer's Disease.

Grant, Paige / Kumar, Jitendra / Kar, Satyabrata / Overduin, Michael

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 26, Issue 24

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Despite extensive research and targeting of the main molecular components of the disease, beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, there are currently no treatments that alter the progression of ... ...

Abstract	Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Despite extensive research and targeting of the main molecular components of the disease, beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, there are currently no treatments that alter the progression of the disease. Here, we examine the effects of two specific kinase inhibitors for calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1D (CaMK1D) on Aβ-mediated toxicity, using mouse primary cortical neurons. Tau hyperphosphorylation and cell death were used as AD indicators. These specific inhibitors were found to prevent Aβ induced tau hyperphosphorylation in culture, but were not able to protect cells from Aβ induced toxicity. While inhibitors were able to alter AD pathology in cell culture, they were insufficient to prevent cell death. With further research and development, these inhibitors could contribute to a multi-drug strategy to combat AD.
MeSH term(s)	Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/antagonists & inhibitors ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Animals ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1/metabolism ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Models, Molecular ; Neurons/drug effects ; Neurons/metabolism ; Neurons/pathology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1 (EC 2.7.11.17) ; Camk1d protein, mouse (EC 2.7.11.17)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules26247669
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Zs.MO 81: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Native PLGA nanoparticles attenuate Aβ-seed induced tau aggregation under in vitro conditions: potential implication in Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Paul, Pallabi Sil / Patel, Tark / Cho, Jae-Young / Yarahmady, Allan / Khalili, Aria / Semenchenko, Valentyna / Wille, Holger / Kulka, Marianna / Mok, Sue-Ann / Kar, Satyabrata

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 144

Abstract: Evidence suggests that beta-amyloid (Aβ)-induced phosphorylation/aggregation of tau protein plays a critical role in the degeneration of neurons and development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia affecting the elderly ... ...

Abstract	Evidence suggests that beta-amyloid (Aβ)-induced phosphorylation/aggregation of tau protein plays a critical role in the degeneration of neurons and development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia affecting the elderly population. Many studies have pursued a variety of small molecules, including nanoparticles conjugated with drugs to interfere with Aβ and/or tau aggregation/toxicity as an effective strategy for AD treatment. We reported earlier that FDA approved PLGA nanoparticles without any drug can attenuate Aβ aggregation/toxicity in cellular/animal models of AD. In this study, we evaluated the effects of native PLGA on Aβ seed-induced aggregation of tau protein using a variety of biophysical, structural and spectroscopic approaches. Our results show that Aβ
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Animals ; Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; tau Proteins/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Nanoparticles
Chemical Substances	tau Proteins ; Amyloid beta-Peptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-50465-x
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