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Article: Benign pneumoperitoneum in a neonate receiving positive pressure ventilation: A case report and clinical insights.

Tuladhar, Sasmita / Katwal, Shailendra / Joshi, Hari Om

2024 Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) 1629–1633

Abstract: The presence of air in the peritoneal cavity demonstrated radiographically as the crescent of air under the diaphragm is termed pneumoperitoneum. The causative agents may be divided into spontaneous, traumatic, iatrogenic, and miscellaneous. The majority ...

Abstract	The presence of air in the peritoneal cavity demonstrated radiographically as the crescent of air under the diaphragm is termed pneumoperitoneum. The causative agents may be divided into spontaneous, traumatic, iatrogenic, and miscellaneous. The majority (∼ 90%) of cases are attributed to hollow viscus perforation which requires immediate surgical attention. Neonatal pneumoperitoneum is a surgical emergency unless proven otherwise. A distinct entity termed benign pneumoperitoneum occurs in the absence of clinical and paraclinical features of peritonitis. Benign pneumoperitoneum may be caused by various thoracic, abdominal, and gynecological conditions. In neonates with respiratory distress pneumoperitoneum is a frequent association especially when treated with mechanical ventilation. The air leak phenomenon leads to air tracking from the ruptured alveoli along the interstitium to the mediastinum then to the retroperitoneum and ultimately into the peritoneal cavity. Such patients usually do not require surgical intervention and are managed conservatively. Knowledge of the existence of benign pneumoperitoneum helps to avoid unnecessary surgery thereby reducing operative morbidity and mortality.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-03
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2406300-9
ISSN	1930-0433
ISSN	1930-0433
DOI	10.1016/j.radcr.2024.01.040
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Lung cancer presenting with neurocognitive decline: a compelling case report highlighting healthcare seeking behavior in rural Nepal.

Katwal, Shailendra / Ghimire, Aastha / Bhattarai, Bharosha / Joshi, Nishant

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)

2023 Volume 85, Issue 10, Page(s) 5196–5199

Abstract: Introduction: Lung cancer is a major contributor of burden of disease globally. Early diagnosis plays a crucial role in determining the patient's prognosis. However, diagnostic constraints and healthcare-seeking behavior in rural areas contribute to the ...

Abstract	Introduction: Lung cancer is a major contributor of burden of disease globally. Early diagnosis plays a crucial role in determining the patient's prognosis. However, diagnostic constraints and healthcare-seeking behavior in rural areas contribute to the increased mortality and morbidity associated with this disease. Case presentation: The authors present a case that came in with mood and personality changes who was diagnosed with lung cancer with metastasis in the brain and did not seek health care services despite a prolonged duration of her neurocognitive symptoms. Clinical discussion: Rural communities face multiple barriers to early diagnosis and treatment, including healthcare-seeking behavior. It is crucial to develop policies aimed at addressing these barriers in order to enhance the health status of rural Nepal. Conclusion: The presentation of lung cancer with atypical symptoms can contribute to delays in diagnosis and treatment, ultimately impacting the overall prognosis of the patient. Late presentation to healthcare centers further exacerbates the burden of the disease, emphasizing the critical importance of proper healthcare-seeking behavior.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2745440-X
ISSN	2049-0801
ISSN	2049-0801
DOI	10.1097/MS9.0000000000001203
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Uncommon presentation: isolated small bowel perforation after blunt abdominal trauma in a pediatric patient; a case report.

Katwal, Shailendra / Ghimire, Aastha / Joshi, Nishant

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)

2023 Volume 85, Issue 12, Page(s) 6222–6226

Abstract: Introduction and importance: A small bowel perforation occurring in isolation as a result of blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) is a rare event, especially in pediatric patients. The unusual presentation and lack of distinct clinical indications can pose a ... ...

Abstract	Introduction and importance: A small bowel perforation occurring in isolation as a result of blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) is a rare event, especially in pediatric patients. The unusual presentation and lack of distinct clinical indications can pose a challenge in promptly diagnosing this condition. This study seeks to underscore the importance of early detection and immediate surgical intervention when dealing with small bowel perforations following BAT. Case presentation: A 13-year-old girl arrived at the emergency department after falling from a cliff. Initial evaluations, including a physical examination and imaging studies, did not uncover any notable irregularities. Nevertheless, the persistent abdominal discomfort and pain prompted further concerns. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan was performed, confirming ileal perforation. The patient subsequently underwent exploratory laparotomy, which resulted in successful surgical treatment. Clinical discussion: BAT causes increased intraluminal pressure, leading to blowout perforation of the small bowel. Diagnosis can be challenging, particularly in the absence of immediate symptoms or conclusive radiographic findings. Close observation and repeated examinations are essential to detect delayed perforations. Early surgical intervention within 12 h of injury has been shown to significantly reduce complications and mortality rates. Conclusion: Isolated small bowel perforation is a rare occurrence in pediatric patients, and timely diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for favorable outcomes. Diagnostic imaging, like contrast-enhanced computerized tomography, helps identify the condition when clinical findings are inconclusive. Comprehensive counseling is essential for patients and their families to understand potential risks and intervention needs, ensuring appropriate management, and treatment delays.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2745440-X
ISSN	2049-0801
ISSN	2049-0801
DOI	10.1097/MS9.0000000000001421
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Pneumorrhachis Associated with COVID-19: A Rare Observation.

Joshi, Sharad / Bhatia, Ankit / Tayal, Nitesh / Chaturvedi, Shailendra

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India

2021 Volume 69, Issue 4, Page(s) 11–12

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Humans ; Mediastinal Emphysema/diagnostic imaging ; Mediastinal Emphysema/etiology ; Pneumocephalus ; Pneumorrhachis/diagnostic imaging ; Pneumorrhachis/etiology ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	800766-4
ISSN	0004-5772
ISSN	0004-5772
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TART) secondary to congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A case report emphasizing early detection and management.

Tuladhar, Sasmita / Katwal, Shailendra / Joshi, Hari Om / Yadav, Bhawani / Bhusal, Amrit / Bhandari, Sushmita

Radiology case reports

2023 Volume 18, Issue 12, Page(s) 4351–4356

Abstract: This study highlights the significance of testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) in the context of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The case report of an 11-year-old male with bilateral scrotal enlargement underscores the diagnostic challenges and ... ...

Abstract	This study highlights the significance of testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) in the context of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The case report of an 11-year-old male with bilateral scrotal enlargement underscores the diagnostic challenges and complexities involved. Through thorough clinical, radiological, and hormonal assessments, we elucidate the pathophysiology, prevalence, and potential impact on fertility. Early detection and management of TARTs are crucial for preserving testicular function. Regular scrotal ultrasound screenings are recommended to avert long-term complications in male CAH patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2406300-9
ISSN	1930-0433
ISSN	1930-0433
DOI	10.1016/j.radcr.2023.09.006
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Article ; Online: Genome-Wide Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci for Yield-Attributing Traits of Peanut.

Joshi, Pushpesh / Soni, Pooja / Sharma, Vinay / Manohar, Surendra S / Kumar, Sampath / Sharma, Shailendra / Pasupuleti, Janila / Vadez, Vincent / Varshney, Rajeev K / Pandey, Manish K / Puppala, Naveen

Genes

2024 Volume 15, Issue 2

Abstract: Peanuts ( ...

Abstract	Peanuts (
MeSH term(s)	Quantitative Trait Loci ; Arachis/genetics ; Plant Breeding ; Chromosome Mapping ; Phenotype
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425 ; 2073-4425
ISSN (online)	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes15020140
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Recovery of soil microbial biomass, stoichiometry, and herb‐layer diversity with chronosequence of farmland land abandonment in the central Himalayas, India

Joshi, Rajendra Kr / Garkoti, Satish Chandra / Gupta, Rajman / Kumar, Shailendra / Mishra, Ambuj / Mukesh Kumar

Restoration Ecology. 2023 May, v. 31, no. 4 p.e13782-

2023

Abstract: Revegetation after farmland abandonment not only changes the aboveground biodiversity but also soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial biomass. However, how the revegetation after farmland abandonment influences soil properties and herb‐layer ... ...

Abstract	Revegetation after farmland abandonment not only changes the aboveground biodiversity but also soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial biomass. However, how the revegetation after farmland abandonment influences soil properties and herb‐layer biodiversity remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the variation in soil chemical and biological properties (soil microbial biomass, stock, and stoichiometry), herb‐layer diversity indices, and aboveground biomass, their relationships in a chronosequence of 2, 5, 7, 11, 16, and 35 years following revegetation of abandoned farmland in the central Himalaya, India. Results revealed that the diversity indices, biomass, and soil properties significantly changed over successional stages. The species in the plant community shifted from the forbs in earlier stages to grasses and sedges in later stages. Our results indicated that the soil microbial carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents and stocks increased along the chronosequence and were highest at the 35‐year‐old fallow. However, soil microbial phosphorus (P) contents and stock generally decreased with time. The soil nutrient and microbial biomass were significantly correlated, which indicate close coupling between soil and microbial C, N, and P contents. Soil, microbial C/P, and N/P ratios were the lowest in 7‐ and 11‐year‐old fallows, indicating that middle‐aged fallows were more P‐limited. Our results suggest that revegetation changes the soil and microbial stoichiometry, potentially changing the vegetation composition and nutrient cycling of the abandoned farmland ecosystems.
Keywords	abandoned land ; aboveground biomass ; agricultural land ; botanical composition ; chronosequences ; fallow ; forbs ; land restoration ; microbial biomass ; microbial carbon ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; plant communities ; soil ; soil nutrients ; stoichiometry ; Himalayan region ; India
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-05
Publishing place	Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	914746-9
ISSN	1526-100X ; 1061-2971
ISSN (online)	1526-100X
ISSN	1061-2971
DOI	10.1111/rec.13782
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Iron Profile and Status of Anemia with the Associated Factors in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Shreewastav, Rupesh Kumar / Joshi, Bishal Raj / Yadav, Rahul / Katwal, Anup / Shrestha, Shailendra

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council

2023 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 129–135

Abstract: Background: One of the main complications of chronic kidney disease is anemia. Disorders of iron homeostasis seen in such patients make the management of anemia more challenging and risky. To obtain the desired result, erythropoietin and iron dose must ... ...

Abstract	Background: One of the main complications of chronic kidney disease is anemia. Disorders of iron homeostasis seen in such patients make the management of anemia more challenging and risky. To obtain the desired result, erythropoietin and iron dose must be carefully regulated. The aim of the study is to find out the prevalence of anemia and level iron indices in patients of chronic kidney disease at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on chronic kidney disease patients at a tertiary care center. Demographic data like age, sex, height and weight were collected with the help of using Performa. The hematological and biochemical study variables were assayed by blood sample of the patients in the clinical laboratory services. Data were analyzed by statistical package for the social sciences Version 20.0 Results: Out of 171 patients with chronic kidney disease, 162 (94.7%) were anemic, with the highest percentage 54 (31.5%) having hypertension. The median value with inter-quartile range of hemoglobin, serum iron, serum ferritin, TIBC and transferring saturation were 8.9 gm/dl (6.7-10.0), 115.0 (µg/dl) (60.0-140.0), 599.0 ng/ml (142.6-973.0), 279.0 µg/dl (250.0-342.0) and 41.0 % (22.0-53.0) respectively. Serum creatinine and eGFR were significantly correlated with hemoglobin and iron indices. Conclusions: The current study showed that anemia was more prevalent in patients of chronic kidney disease in our setting as compared to similar studies. Hypertension was the most common disease among them. The median value of parameters of iron profile except ferritin among them was within the reference limit.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Iron ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Nepal/epidemiology ; Anemia/epidemiology ; Ferritins ; Hypertension
Chemical Substances	Iron (E1UOL152H7) ; Ferritins (9007-73-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-10
Publishing country	Nepal
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2551251-1
ISSN	1999-6217 ; 1999-6217
ISSN (online)	1999-6217
ISSN	1999-6217
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Gap areas in mitigation of oral cancer: A cross-sectional study evaluating awareness and knowledge of risk factors in oral cancer in a tertiary hospital.

Chugh, Ankita / Kaur, Amanjot / Bhardwaj, Pankaj / Vishnoi, Jeewan Ram / Joshi, Nitin / Kumar, Shailendra / Chopane, Shivkumar / Kumar, Pravin

National journal of maxillofacial surgery

2023 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 27–34

Abstract: Purpose and objectives: One of the main causes of the increasing oral cancer (OC) burden in India is a lack of awareness and a significant gap in knowledge about risk factors and symptomology of OC.: Materials and methods: A questionnaire-based cross- ...

Abstract	Purpose and objectives: One of the main causes of the increasing oral cancer (OC) burden in India is a lack of awareness and a significant gap in knowledge about risk factors and symptomology of OC. Materials and methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was to evaluate the knowledge and awareness about OC among 500 random patients presenting for care at a tertiary hospital in western Rajasthan which serves a wide area of western, northern, and central Rajasthan. Results: A total of 446 participants, among which 83.6% were males enrolled in the study. Much to our despair, the results showed 35.23% of the participants ( Conclusion: Our findings have found a gap in the awareness efforts of OC for the general population and will make public health professionals, clinicians, policymakers, and government a better judge and motivate them to strengthen existing national tobacco control efforts.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-14
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2653583-X
ISSN	2229-3418 ; 0975-5950
ISSN (online)	2229-3418
ISSN	0975-5950
DOI	10.4103/njms.njms_427_21
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Impact of prophylactic hydroxychloroquine on ultrastructural impairment and cellular SARS-CoV-2 infection in different cells of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of COVID-19 patients.

Chaudhary, Shikha / Joshi, Arti / Sesham, Kishore / Rai, Preeti / Kumar, Shailendra / Mridha, Asit Ranjan / Baitha, Upendra / Nag, Tapas Chandra / Yadav, Subhash Chandra

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 12733

Abstract: Many drugs were recommended as antiviral agents for infection control and effective therapy to reduce the mortality rate for COVID-19 patients. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an antimalarial drug, has been controversially recommended for prophylactic use in ... ...

Abstract	Many drugs were recommended as antiviral agents for infection control and effective therapy to reduce the mortality rate for COVID-19 patients. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an antimalarial drug, has been controversially recommended for prophylactic use in many countries, including India, to control SARS-CoV-2 infections. We have explored the effect of prophylactic HCQ from the cells of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome patients to determine the level of infection and ultrastructural alterations in the ciliated epithelium, type II pneumocytes, alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and enucleated granulocytes. Ultrastructural investigation of ciliated epithelium and type II pneumocytes showed lesser infections and cellular impairment in the prophylactic HCQ
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; Hydroxychloroquine/adverse effects ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment ; Antiviral Agents/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Hydroxychloroquine (4QWG6N8QKH) ; Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-39941-6
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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