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  1. Article ; Online: Fate of Antibody-Targeted Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer Cells after Receptor-Mediated Uptake.

    Han, Sangheon / Zal, Tomasz / Sokolov, Konstantin V

    ACS nano

    2021  Volume 15, Issue 6, Page(s) 9495–9508

    Abstract: Nanoparticles with ultrasmall sizes (less than 10 nm) offer many advantages in biomedical applications compared to their bigger counterparts, including better intratumoral distribution, improved pharmacokinetics (PK), and efficient body clearance. When ... ...

    Abstract Nanoparticles with ultrasmall sizes (less than 10 nm) offer many advantages in biomedical applications compared to their bigger counterparts, including better intratumoral distribution, improved pharmacokinetics (PK), and efficient body clearance. When functionalized with a biocompatible coating and a target-specific antibody, ultrasmall nanoparticles represent an attractive clinical translation platform. Although there is a tremendous body of work dedicated to PK and the biological effects of various nanoparticles, little is known about the fate of different components of functionalized nanoparticles in a biological environment such as in live cells. Here, we used luminescence properties of 5 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to study the intracellular trafficking and fate of the AuNPs functionalized with an organic layer consisting of a polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting antibody. We showed that intracellular uptake of the targeted 5 nm AuNPs results in a strong two-photon luminescence (TPL) that is characterized by broad emission and very short lifetimes compared to the fluorescence of the nanoparticle-conjugated fluorophore-tagged antibody, thereby allowing selective imaging of these components using TPL and two-photon excited fluorescence lifetime microscopy (2P-FLIM). Our results indicate that the nanoparticle's coating is detached from the particle's surface inside cells, leading to formation of nanoparticle clusters with a strong TPL. Furthermore, we observed an optically resolved spatial separation of the gold core and the antibody coating of the particles inside cells. We used data from two-photon microscopy, 2P-FLIM, electron microscopy, and
    MeSH term(s) Gold ; Kinetics ; Luminescence ; Metal Nanoparticles ; Neoplasms ; Polyethylene Glycols
    Chemical Substances Polyethylene Glycols (3WJQ0SDW1A) ; Gold (7440-57-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1936-086X
    ISSN (online) 1936-086X
    DOI 10.1021/acsnano.0c08128
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Visualization of Protein Interactions in Living Cells.

    Zal, Tomasz

    Self/nonself

    2011  Volume 2, Issue 2, Page(s) 98–107

    Abstract: Ligand binding to cell membrane receptors sets off a series of protein interactions that convey the nuances of ligand identity to the cell interior. The information may be encoded in conformational changes, the interaction kinetics and, in the case of ... ...

    Abstract Ligand binding to cell membrane receptors sets off a series of protein interactions that convey the nuances of ligand identity to the cell interior. The information may be encoded in conformational changes, the interaction kinetics and, in the case of multichain immunoreceptors, by chain rearrangements. The signals may be modulated by dynamic compartmentalization of the cell membrane, cellular architecture, motility, and activation-all of which are difficult to reconstitute for studies of receptor signaling in vitro. In this paper, we will discuss how protein interactions in general and receptor signaling in particular can be studied in living cells by different fluorescence imaging techniques. Particularly versatile are methods that exploit Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), which is exquisitely sensitive to the nanometer-range proximity and orientation between fluorophores. Fluorescence correlation microscopy (FCM) can provide complementary information about the stoichiometry and diffusion kinetics of large complexes, while bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and other complementation techniques can capture transient interactions. A continuing challenge is extracting from the imaging data the quantitative information that is necessary to verify different models of signal transduction.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2613690-9
    ISSN 1938-2049 ; 1938-2030
    ISSN (online) 1938-2049
    ISSN 1938-2030
    DOI 10.4161/self.2.2.17932
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: STAT3 protects HSCs from intrinsic interferon signaling and loss of long-term blood-forming activity.

    Patel, Bhakti / Zhou, Yifan / Babcock, Rachel L / Ma, Feiyang / Zal, Malgorzata A / Kumar, Dhiraj / Medik, Yusra B / Kahn, Laura M / Pineda, Josué E / Park, Elizabeth M / Tang, Ximing / Raso, Maria Gabriela / Zal, Tomasz / Clise-Dwyer, Karen / Giancotti, Filippo G / Colla, Simona / Watowich, Stephanie S

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: STAT3 function in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) has been difficult to discern ... ...

    Abstract STAT3 function in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) has been difficult to discern as
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.02.10.528069
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: STAT3 protects hematopoietic stem cells by preventing activation of a deleterious autocrine type-I interferon response.

    Patel, Bhakti / Zhou, Yifan / Babcock, Rachel L / Ma, Feiyang / Zal, M Anna / Kumar, Dhiraj / Medik, Yusra B / Kahn, Laura M / Pineda, Josué E / Park, Elizabeth M / Schneider, Sarah M / Tang, Ximing / Raso, Maria Gabriela / Jeter, Collene R / Zal, Tomasz / Clise-Dwyer, Karen / Keyomarsi, Khandan / Giancotti, Filippo G / Colla, Simona /
    Watowich, Stephanie S

    Leukemia

    2024  

    Abstract: Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) maintain blood-forming and immune activity, yet intrinsic regulators of HSPCs remain elusive. STAT3 function in HSPCs has been difficult to dissect as Stat3-deficiency in the hematopoietic compartment ... ...

    Abstract Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) maintain blood-forming and immune activity, yet intrinsic regulators of HSPCs remain elusive. STAT3 function in HSPCs has been difficult to dissect as Stat3-deficiency in the hematopoietic compartment induces systemic inflammation, which can impact HSPC activity. Here, we developed mixed bone marrow (BM) chimeric mice with inducible Stat3 deletion in 20% of the hematopoietic compartment to avoid systemic inflammation. Stat3-deficient HSPCs were significantly impaired in reconstitution ability following primary or secondary bone marrow transplantation, indicating hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) defects. Single-cell RNA sequencing of Lin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 807030-1
    ISSN 1476-5551 ; 0887-6924
    ISSN (online) 1476-5551
    ISSN 0887-6924
    DOI 10.1038/s41375-024-02218-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Epidermal T Cell Dendrites Serve as Conduits for Bidirectional Trafficking of Granular Cargo.

    Chodaczek, Grzegorz / Toporkiewicz, Monika / Zal, M Anna / Zal, Tomasz

    Frontiers in immunology

    2018  Volume 9, Page(s) 1430

    Abstract: Dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) represent a prototypical lineage of intraepithelial γδ T cells that participate in the maintenance of body barrier homeostasis. Unlike classical T cells, DETCs do not recirculate and they remain persistently activated ... ...

    Abstract Dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) represent a prototypical lineage of intraepithelial γδ T cells that participate in the maintenance of body barrier homeostasis. Unlike classical T cells, DETCs do not recirculate and they remain persistently activated through their T cell receptors (TCR) at steady state, i.e., in absence of infection or tissue wounding. The steady state TCR signals sustain the formation of immunological synapse-like phosphotyrosine-rich aggregates located on projections (PALPs) which act to anchor and polarize DETC's long cellular projections toward the apical epidermis while the cell bodies reside in the basal layers. The PALPs are known to contain pre-synaptic accumulations of TCR-containing and lysosomal granules, but how this cargo accumulates there remains unclear. Here, we combined anti-Vγ5 TCR, cholera toxin subunit B (CTB), and LysoTracker (LT)-based intravital labeling of intracellular granules, with high resolution dynamic microscopy and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) to characterize the steady state composition and transport of DETC granules in steady state epidermis. Intradermal fluorescent Vγ5 antibody decorated DETCs without causing cellular depletion, dendrite mobilization or rounding up and became slowly internalized over 48 h into intracellular granules that, after 6 days, colocalized with LAMP-1 and less so with LT or early endosomal antigen-1. Intradermal CTB was likewise internalized predominantly by DETCs in epidermis, labeling a partly overlapping set of largely LAMP-1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01430
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: FLT3 inhibitors upregulate CXCR4 and E-selectin ligands via ERK suppression in AML cells and CXCR4/E-selectin inhibition enhances anti-leukemia efficacy of FLT3-targeted therapy in AML.

    Jia, Yannan / Zhang, Weiguo / Basyal, Mahesh / Chang, Kyung Hee / Ostermann, Lauren / Burks, Jared K / Ly, Charlie / Mu-Mosley, Hong / Zhang, Qi / Han, Xin / Fogler, William E / Magnani, John L / Lesegretain, Arnaud / Zal, Anna A / Zal, Tomasz / Andreeff, Michael

    Leukemia

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 6, Page(s) 1379–1383

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; E-Selectin ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy ; Ligands ; Mutation ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Receptors, CXCR4/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; MAP Kinase Signaling System
    Chemical Substances CXCR4 protein, human ; E-Selectin ; FLT3 protein, human (EC 2.7.10.1) ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Ligands ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Receptors, CXCR4
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 807030-1
    ISSN 1476-5551 ; 0887-6924
    ISSN (online) 1476-5551
    ISSN 0887-6924
    DOI 10.1038/s41375-023-01897-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Visualization of protein interactions in living cells.

    Zal, Tomasz

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2008  Volume 640, Page(s) 183–197

    Abstract: Ligand binding to cell membrane receptors sets off a series of protein interactions that convey the nuances ofligand identity to the cell interior. The information may be encoded in conformational changes, the interaction kinetics and, in the case of ... ...

    Abstract Ligand binding to cell membrane receptors sets off a series of protein interactions that convey the nuances ofligand identity to the cell interior. The information may be encoded in conformational changes, the interaction kinetics and, in the case of multichain immunoreceptors, by chain rearrangements. The signals may be modulated by dynamic compartmentalization of the cell membrane, cellular architecture, motility, and activation--all of which are difficult to reconstitute for studies of receptor signaling in vitro. In this chapter, we will discuss how protein interactions in general and receptor signaling in particular can be studied in living cells by different fluorescence imaging techniques. Particularly versatile are methods that exploit Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), which is exquisitely sensitive to the nanometer-range proximity and orientation between fluorophores. Fluorescence correlation microscopy (FCM) can provide complementary information about the stoichiometry and diffusion kinetics of large complexes, while bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and other complementation techniques can capture transient interactions. A continuing challenge is extracting from the imaging data the quantitative information that is necessary to verify different models of signal transduction.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Survival ; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer ; Humans ; Immunological Synapses/immunology ; Luminescent Measurements/methods ; Protein Binding ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-12-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
    ISSN (online) 2214-8019
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-09789-3_14
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Mitophagy Promotes Resistance to BH3 Mimetics in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

    Glytsou, Christina / Chen, Xufeng / Zacharioudakis, Emmanouil / Al-Santli, Wafa / Zhou, Hua / Nadorp, Bettina / Lee, Soobeom / Lasry, Audrey / Sun, Zhengxi / Papaioannou, Dimitrios / Cammer, Michael / Wang, Kun / Zal, Tomasz / Zal, Malgorzata Anna / Carter, Bing Z / Ishizawa, Jo / Tibes, Raoul / Tsirigos, Aristotelis / Andreeff, Michael /
    Gavathiotis, Evripidis / Aifantis, Iannis

    Cancer discovery

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 7, Page(s) 1656–1677

    Abstract: BH3 mimetics are used as an efficient strategy to induce cell death in several blood malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Venetoclax, a potent BCL-2 antagonist, is used clinically in combination with hypomethylating agents for the ... ...

    Abstract BH3 mimetics are used as an efficient strategy to induce cell death in several blood malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Venetoclax, a potent BCL-2 antagonist, is used clinically in combination with hypomethylating agents for the treatment of AML. Moreover, MCL1 or dual BCL-2/BCL-xL antagonists are under investigation. Yet, resistance to single or combinatorial BH3-mimetic therapies eventually ensues. Integration of multiple genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens revealed that loss of mitophagy modulators sensitizes AML cells to various BH3 mimetics targeting different BCL-2 family members. One such regulator is MFN2, whose protein levels positively correlate with drug resistance in patients with AML. MFN2 overexpression is sufficient to drive resistance to BH3 mimetics in AML. Insensitivity to BH3 mimetics is accompanied by enhanced mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum interactions and augmented mitophagy flux, which acts as a prosurvival mechanism to eliminate mitochondrial damage. Genetic or pharmacologic MFN2 targeting synergizes with BH3 mimetics by impairing mitochondrial clearance and enhancing apoptosis in AML.
    Significance: AML remains one of the most difficult-to-treat blood cancers. BH3 mimetics represent a promising therapeutic approach to eliminate AML blasts by activating the apoptotic pathway. Enhanced mitochondrial clearance drives resistance to BH3 mimetics and predicts poor prognosis. Reverting excessive mitophagy can halt BH3-mimetic resistance in AML. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1501.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; Mitophagy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Cell Death ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; Antineoplastic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2625242-9
    ISSN 2159-8290 ; 2159-8274
    ISSN (online) 2159-8290
    ISSN 2159-8274
    DOI 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-22-0601
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Inhibition of Oxidative Phosphorylation Reverses Bone Marrow Hypoxia Visualized in Imageable Syngeneic B-ALL Mouse Model.

    Rytelewski, Mateusz / Harutyunyan, Karine / Baran, Natalia / Mallampati, Saradhi / Zal, M Anna / Cavazos, Antonio / Butler, Jason M / Konoplev, Sergej / El Khatib, Mirna / Plunkett, Shane / Marszalek, Joseph R / Andreeff, Michael / Zal, Tomasz / Konopleva, Marina

    Frontiers in oncology

    2020  Volume 10, Page(s) 991

    Abstract: Abnormally low level of interstitial oxygen, or hypoxia, is a hallmark of tumor microenvironment and a known promoter of cancer chemoresistance. Inside a solid tumor mass, the hypoxia stems largely from inadequate supply of oxygenated blood through ... ...

    Abstract Abnormally low level of interstitial oxygen, or hypoxia, is a hallmark of tumor microenvironment and a known promoter of cancer chemoresistance. Inside a solid tumor mass, the hypoxia stems largely from inadequate supply of oxygenated blood through sparse or misshapen tumor vasculature whilst oxygen utilization rates are low in typical tumor's glycolytic metabolism. In acute leukemias, however, markers of intracellular hypoxia such as increased pimonidazole adduct staining and HIF-1α stabilization are observed in advanced leukemic bone marrows (BM) despite an increase in BM vasculogenesis. We utilized intravital fast scanning two-photon phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FaST-PLIM) in a BCR-ABL B-ALL mouse model to image the extracellular oxygen concentrations (pO
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2649216-7
    ISSN 2234-943X
    ISSN 2234-943X
    DOI 10.3389/fonc.2020.00991
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Detecting Förster resonance energy transfer in living cells by conventional and spectral flow cytometry.

    Henderson, Jared / Havranek, Ondrej / Ma, Man Chun John / Herman, Vaclav / Kupcova, Kristyna / Chrbolkova, Tereza / Pacheco-Blanco, Mariana / Wang, Zhiqiang / Comer, Justin M / Zal, Tomasz / Davis, Richard Eric

    Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology

    2021  Volume 101, Issue 10, Page(s) 818–834

    Abstract: Assays based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) can be used to study many processes in cell biology. Although this is most often done with microscopy for fluorescence detection, we report two ways to measure FRET in living cells by flow ... ...

    Abstract Assays based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) can be used to study many processes in cell biology. Although this is most often done with microscopy for fluorescence detection, we report two ways to measure FRET in living cells by flow cytometry. Using a conventional flow cytometer and the "3-cube method" for intensity-based calculation of FRET efficiency, we measured the enzymatic activity of specific kinases in cells expressing a genetically-encoded reporter. For both AKT and protein kinase A, the method measured kinase activity in time-course, dose-response, and kinetic assays. Using the Cytek Aurora spectral flow cytometer, which applies linear unmixing to emission measured in multiple wavelength ranges, FRET from the same reporters was measured with greater single-cell precision, in real time and in the presence of other fluorophores. Results from gene-knockout studies suggested that spectral flow cytometry might enable the sorting of cells on the basis of FRET. The methods we present provide convenient and flexible options for using FRET with flow cytometry in studies of cell biology.
    MeSH term(s) Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Flow Cytometry/methods ; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer/methods ; Luminescent Proteins/genetics ; Luminescent Proteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Luminescent Proteins ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.11)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2099868-5
    ISSN 1552-4930 ; 0196-4763 ; 1552-4922
    ISSN (online) 1552-4930
    ISSN 0196-4763 ; 1552-4922
    DOI 10.1002/cyto.a.24472
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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