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  1. Article ; Online: What Do Chimeras Think About?

    Capps, Benjamin

    Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees

    2023  , Page(s) 1–19

    Abstract: Non-human animal chimeras, containing human neurological cells, have been created in the laboratory. Despite a great deal of debate, the status of such beings has not been resolved. Under normal definitions, such a being could either be unconventionally ... ...

    Abstract Non-human animal chimeras, containing human neurological cells, have been created in the laboratory. Despite a great deal of debate, the status of such beings has not been resolved. Under normal definitions, such a being could either be unconventionally human or abnormally animal. Practical investigations in animal sentience, artificial intelligence, and now chimera research, suggest that such beings may be assumed to have no legal rights, so philosophy could provide a different answer. In this vein, therefore, we can ask: What would a chimera, if it could think, think about? Thinking is used to capture the phenomena of a novel, chimeric being perceiving its terrible predicament as no more than a laboratory experiment. The creation of a thinking chimera therefore forces us to reconsider our assumptions about what makes human beings (potentially) unique (and other sentient animals different), because, as such, a chimera's existence bridges our social and legal expectations about definitions of human and animal. Society has often evolved new social norms based on different kinds of (ir)rational contrivances; the imperative of non-contradiction, which is defended here, therefore requires a specific philosophical response to the rights of a thinking chimeric being.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1146581-5
    ISSN 1469-2147 ; 0963-1801
    ISSN (online) 1469-2147
    ISSN 0963-1801
    DOI 10.1017/S0963180122000780
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: One Health Requires a Theory of Agency.

    Capps, Benjamin

    Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees

    2022  Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) 518–529

    Abstract: One health suggests that human and animal health are comparable, but in practice, the concept aligns with the principles of public health ethics. One health ethics, as such, appears to eschew connotations of equality for the natural world. A theory of ... ...

    Abstract One health suggests that human and animal health are comparable, but in practice, the concept aligns with the principles of public health ethics. One health ethics, as such, appears to eschew connotations of equality for the natural world. A theory of agency revises that anthropocentric assumption. This article begins with a critique of environmental dualism: the idea that human culture and nature are separate social realms, thus justifying public health as a (unifying) purpose. In response, this article argues that, first, a neuroethics of one health might equally regard humans and (some) animals, which have comparable mental states, as rational agents. Second, rational agency should ground our moral connections to nature in terms of the egalitarian interests we have (as coinhabitants) in the health of the planet. While this article makes a moderate case for interspecific rights (as the first argument asserts), neuroscience is unlikely for now to change how most public institutions regard nonhuman animals in practice. However, the second argument asserts that rational agency is also grounds for philosophical environmentalism. One health ethics, therefore, is a theory of equality and connects culture to nature, and, as such, is a separate, but coextensive approach to that of public health.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; One Health ; Morals ; Neurosciences ; Public Health ; Confidentiality
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1146581-5
    ISSN 1469-2147 ; 0963-1801
    ISSN (online) 1469-2147
    ISSN 0963-1801
    DOI 10.1017/S0963180122000044
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  3. Article ; Online: One health ethics.

    Capps, Benjamin

    Bioethics

    2021  Volume 36, Issue 4, Page(s) 348–355

    Abstract: One health has brought to the fore connections-between human culture and nature-that underlie healthy (and unhealthy) ecological niches. Like other emerging environmental concepts-eco-health, one medicine and planetary health-one health merges scientific ...

    Abstract One health has brought to the fore connections-between human culture and nature-that underlie healthy (and unhealthy) ecological niches. Like other emerging environmental concepts-eco-health, one medicine and planetary health-one health merges scientific evidence with reasons for sustaining a healthy environment. This narrative is not new, but the importance of a cogent way of thinking about nature in ways that allow us to ameliorate harms brought about by human activities has become a theme of the Anthropocene. Many societies face seemingly insurmountable crises, brought about by a collective failure to foster ethical forms of environmental health. The following essay is an egalitarian reimagining of one health ethics. Undertaking this task is of considerable philosophical importance, because solving the problem of denotation-asking what is one health?-could change our rational view of nature for the betterment of humankind and our Earthly companions.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Morals ; One Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632984-6
    ISSN 1467-8519 ; 0269-9702
    ISSN (online) 1467-8519
    ISSN 0269-9702
    DOI 10.1111/bioe.12984
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  4. Article ; Online: Philosophy is Still Missing from the Human-Mouse Chimera Debate.

    Capps, Benjamin

    The American journal of bioethics : AJOB

    2020  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 61–63

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Brain ; Chimera ; Humans ; Mice ; Morals ; Philosophy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2060433-6
    ISSN 1536-0075 ; 1526-5161
    ISSN (online) 1536-0075
    ISSN 1526-5161
    DOI 10.1080/15265161.2020.1845856
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Chimeras and the Problem of Other Minds.

    Capps, Benjamin

    The Hastings Center report

    2020  Volume 50, Issue 1, Page(s) 46

    Abstract: The writer responds to the article "Human-Animal Chimeras: The Moral Insignificance of Uniquely Human Capacities," by Julian J. Koplin, in the September-October 2019 issue of the Hastings Center Report. ...

    Abstract The writer responds to the article "Human-Animal Chimeras: The Moral Insignificance of Uniquely Human Capacities," by Julian J. Koplin, in the September-October 2019 issue of the Hastings Center Report.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chimera ; Humans ; Morals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 194940-8
    ISSN 1552-146X ; 0093-0334
    ISSN (online) 1552-146X
    ISSN 0093-0334
    DOI 10.1002/hast.1085
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  6. Article ; Online: Where Does Open Science Lead Us During a Pandemic? A Public Good Argument to Prioritize Rights in the Open Commons.

    Capps, Benjamin

    Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees

    2020  Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 11–24

    Abstract: During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, open science has become central to experimental, public health, and clinical responses across the globe. Open science (OS) is described as an open commons, in which a right to science renders all possible scientific ... ...

    Abstract During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, open science has become central to experimental, public health, and clinical responses across the globe. Open science (OS) is described as an open commons, in which a right to science renders all possible scientific data for everyone to access and use. In this common space, capitalist platforms now provide many essential services and are taking the lead in public health activities. These neoliberal businesses, however, have a problematic role in the capture of public goods. This paper argues that the open commons is a community of rights, consisting of people and institutions whose interests mutually support the public good. If OS is a cornerstone of public health, then reaffirming the public good is its overriding purpose, and unethical platforms ought to be excluded from the commons and its benefits.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Human Rights ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; Internationality ; Pandemics ; Politics ; Public Health ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1146581-5
    ISSN 1469-2147 ; 0963-1801
    ISSN (online) 1469-2147
    ISSN 0963-1801
    DOI 10.1017/S0963180120000456
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Where Does Open Science Lead Us During a Pandemic? A Public Good Argument to Prioritize Rights in the Open Commons

    Capps, Benjamin

    Camb Q Healthc Ethics

    Abstract: During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, open science has become central to experimental, public health, and clinical responses across the globe. Open science (OS) is described as an open commons, in which a right to science renders all possible scientific ... ...

    Abstract During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, open science has become central to experimental, public health, and clinical responses across the globe. Open science (OS) is described as an open commons, in which a right to science renders all possible scientific data for everyone to access and use. In this common space, capitalist platforms now provide many essential services and are taking the lead in public health activities. These neoliberal businesses, however, have a problematic role in the capture of public goods. This paper argues that the open commons is a community of rights, consisting of people and institutions whose interests mutually support the public good. If OS is a cornerstone of public health, then reaffirming the public good is its overriding purpose, and unethical platforms ought to be excluded from the commons and its benefits.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #823312
    Database COVID19

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  8. Article ; Online: Where Does Open Science Lead Us During a Pandemic? A Public Good Argument to Prioritize Rights in the Open Commons

    CAPPS, BENJAMIN

    Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics

    2020  , Page(s) 1–14

    Abstract: Abstract During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, open science has become central to experimental, public health, and clinical responses across the globe. Open science (OS) is described as an open commons, in which a right to science renders all possible ... ...

    Abstract Abstract During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, open science has become central to experimental, public health, and clinical responses across the globe. Open science (OS) is described as an open commons, in which a right to science renders all possible scientific data for everyone to access and use. In this common space, capitalist platforms now provide many essential services and are taking the lead in public health activities. These neoliberal businesses, however, have a problematic role in the capture of public goods. This paper argues that the open commons is a community of rights, consisting of people and institutions whose interests mutually support the public good. If OS is a cornerstone of public health, then reaffirming the public good is its overriding purpose, and unethical platforms ought to be excluded from the commons and its benefits.
    Keywords Health Policy ; Issues, ethics and legal aspects ; Health(social science) ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publishing country uk
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1146581-5
    ISSN 1469-2147 ; 0963-1801
    ISSN (online) 1469-2147
    ISSN 0963-1801
    DOI 10.1017/s0963180120000456
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Do Chimeras Have Minds?

    Capps, Benjamin

    Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees

    2017  Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) 577–591

    Abstract: Suppose that a colleague proposed a fantastic experiment: to introduce human stem cells into a neonatal mouse so that its entire brain developed into "human-like" neuronal structures. The colleague claimed it would still be a mouse, and that its chimeric ...

    Abstract Suppose that a colleague proposed a fantastic experiment: to introduce human stem cells into a neonatal mouse so that its entire brain developed into "human-like" neuronal structures. The colleague claimed it would still be a mouse, and that its chimeric brain would be nothing like a "human" one. It would not, as a result, have a moral status beyond its nonhuman animal origins. Thus, the "human neuron mouse" would allow scientists to tinker with human-like neurology in ways that would be precluded if it were a human being, and that would promise to lead to substantial understanding of the destructive and incurable brain diseases that befall humanity. The colleague does admit, however, that for reasons of comparative fidelity, experiments in human patients would be scientifically preferable, although in this case, neither ethically justified nor legally permitted. For that reason, it might be desirable to create a human brain in a nonhuman primate, where it would be more likely that significant human-like neuronal development would occur, but still could not become a person. This article explores the significance of a "human neuron chimpanzee," and suggests that contradictions in the design of the experiment make it unethical to proceed in either murine or primate models.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1146581-5
    ISSN 1469-2147 ; 0963-1801
    ISSN (online) 1469-2147
    ISSN 0963-1801
    DOI 10.1017/S0963180117000093
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Can a good tree bring forth evil fruit? The funding of medical research by industry.

    Capps, Benjamin

    British medical bulletin

    2016  Volume 118, Issue 1, Page(s) 5–15

    Abstract: Background: Systematic reviews analysing the influence of funding on the conduct of research have shown how Conflicts of Interest (COIs) create bias in the production and dissemination of data.: Sources of data: The following is a critical analysis ... ...

    Abstract Background: Systematic reviews analysing the influence of funding on the conduct of research have shown how Conflicts of Interest (COIs) create bias in the production and dissemination of data.
    Sources of data: The following is a critical analysis of current opinions in respect to COIs created by industry funding of medical research in academic institutions.
    Areas of agreement: Effective mechanisms are necessary to manage COIs in medical research, and to prohibit COIs that clearly affect validity of research conduct and outcomes.
    Areas of controversy: While most hold that industry investment in university research is not a barrier to good science, there are questions about how securing funding opportunities might be prioritized over the risks of potential COIs. It is argued that COIs are inherent risks to research integrity, requiring the strengthening of current governance frameworks.
    Growing points: The focus on COIs, created by the ostensibly categorical actions of industry, challenges the evolving research priorities within academic institutions.
    Areas timely for developing research: Less well-defined COIs are equally culpable to financial ones, in terms of the systemic damage they do to science. So, are they appropriately managed as risks within university research settings?
    MeSH term(s) Academies and Institutes/economics ; Academies and Institutes/ethics ; Biomedical Research/economics ; Biomedical Research/ethics ; Codes of Ethics ; Conflict of Interest/economics ; Drug Industry/economics ; Drug Industry/ethics ; Humans ; Information Dissemination/ethics ; Research Support as Topic/ethics ; Tobacco Industry/economics ; Tobacco Industry/ethics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-05-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 213294-1
    ISSN 1471-8391 ; 0007-1420
    ISSN (online) 1471-8391
    ISSN 0007-1420
    DOI 10.1093/bmb/ldw014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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