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  1. Article ; Online: Are memories of sexual trauma fragmented? A post publication discussion among Richard J. McNally, Dorthe Berntsen, Chris R. Brewin and David C. Rubin.

    McNally, Richard J / Berntsen, Dorthe / Brewin, Chris R / Rubin, David C

    Memory (Hove, England)

    2022  Volume 30, Issue 5, Page(s) 658–660

    Abstract: ... are fragmented (McNally, 2022), McNally moderated a discussion between Chris R. Brewin and David C ...

    Abstract Following the publication of his article on whether memories of trauma in sexual assault victims are fragmented (McNally, 2022), McNally moderated a discussion between Chris R. Brewin and David C. Rubin/Dorthe Berntsen whose perspectives on memory fragmentation were cited by McNally. The discussion clarified their contrasting viewpoints on this controversy.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Sexual Trauma
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1147478-6
    ISSN 1464-0686 ; 0965-8211
    ISSN (online) 1464-0686
    ISSN 0965-8211
    DOI 10.1080/09658211.2022.2061135
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 5983: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Inaccuracy in the Scientific Record and Open Postpublication Critique.

    Brewin, Chris R

    Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) 1244–1253

    Abstract: There is growing evidence that the published psychological literature is marred by multiple errors and inaccuracies and often fails to reflect the changing nature of the knowledge base. At least four types of error are common-citation error, ... ...

    Abstract There is growing evidence that the published psychological literature is marred by multiple errors and inaccuracies and often fails to reflect the changing nature of the knowledge base. At least four types of error are common-citation error, methodological error, statistical error, and interpretation error. In the face of the apparent inevitability of these inaccuracies, core scientific values such as openness and transparency require that correction mechanisms are readily available. In this article, I reviewed standard mechanisms in psychology journals and found them to have limitations. The effects of more widely enabling open postpublication critique in the same journal in addition to conventional peer review are considered. This mechanism is well established in medicine and the life sciences but rare in psychology and may assist psychological science to correct itself.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Publishing ; Peer Review
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2224911-4
    ISSN 1745-6924 ; 1745-6916
    ISSN (online) 1745-6924
    ISSN 1745-6916
    DOI 10.1177/17456916221141357
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  3. Article ; Online: Impact on the legal system of the generalizability crisis in psychology.

    Brewin, Chris R

    The Behavioral and brain sciences

    2022  Volume 45, Page(s) e7

    Abstract: Overgeneralizations by psychologists of the research evidence on memory and eyewitness testimony, such as "memory decays with time" or "memories are fluid and malleable," are beginning to appear in legal judgements and guidance documents, accompanied by ... ...

    Abstract Overgeneralizations by psychologists of the research evidence on memory and eyewitness testimony, such as "memory decays with time" or "memories are fluid and malleable," are beginning to appear in legal judgements and guidance documents, accompanied by unwarranted disparagement of lay beliefs about memory. These overgeneralizations could have significant adverse consequences for the conduct of civil and criminal law.
    MeSH term(s) Criminal Law ; Humans ; Judgment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 423721-3
    ISSN 1469-1825 ; 0140-525X
    ISSN (online) 1469-1825
    ISSN 0140-525X
    DOI 10.1017/S0140525X21000480
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  4. Article ; Online: Identity - A critical but neglected construct in cognitive-behaviour therapy.

    Brewin, Chris R

    Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry

    2022  Volume 78, Page(s) 101808

    Abstract: In cognitive-behaviour therapy attention paid to the self and identity has primarily involved self-representations (the Me-Self) rather than how the self is experienced (the I-Self). Within the I-Self experiences vary on a continuum from pre-reflective ... ...

    Abstract In cognitive-behaviour therapy attention paid to the self and identity has primarily involved self-representations (the Me-Self) rather than how the self is experienced (the I-Self). Within the I-Self experiences vary on a continuum from pre-reflective consciousness (raw experienced perceptions and states of being) to self-awareness (permitting reflection on and evaluation of subjective experience). There is considerable evidence that the I-Self is affected in many if not all disorders, and I review illustrative studies of OCD, eating disorders, body dysmorphic disorder, PTSD, and personality disorder. These indicate that patients often experience themselves as being defective in various ways, or as having an unstable or contradictory I-Self. Recognition of this neglected aspect of patients' experience has major implications for assessment and treatment. For example, acknowledgment that their sense of self may fluctuate dramatically from moment to moment, may be fragmented, or may consist of a sense of emptiness, may help to build a more empathic therapeutic relationship. If frightening or distressing pre-reflective experiences are the cause of avoidance or other maladaptive coping strategies, conscious attention paid to them in therapy may help to better integrate the I-Self and Me-Self, restoring a sense of predictability and control.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ; Feeding and Eating Disorders ; Personality Disorders ; Adaptation, Psychological ; Cognition
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-23
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 280250-8
    ISSN 1873-7943 ; 0005-7916
    ISSN (online) 1873-7943
    ISSN 0005-7916
    DOI 10.1016/j.jbtep.2022.101808
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Tilting at Windmills: Why Attacks on Repression Are Misguided.

    Brewin, Chris R

    Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

    2020  Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) 443–453

    Abstract: In the November 2019 issue ... ...

    Abstract In the November 2019 issue of
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Memory ; Repression, Psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2224911-4
    ISSN 1745-6924 ; 1745-6916
    ISSN (online) 1745-6924
    ISSN 1745-6916
    DOI 10.1177/1745691620927674
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The memory and identity theory of ICD-11 complex posttraumatic stress disorder.

    Hyland, Philip / Shevlin, Mark / Brewin, Chris R

    Psychological review

    2023  Volume 130, Issue 4, Page(s) 1044–1065

    Abstract: The 11th version of ... ...

    Abstract The 11th version of the
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy ; International Classification of Diseases ; Personality ; Self Concept
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209907-x
    ISSN 1939-1471 ; 0033-295X
    ISSN (online) 1939-1471
    ISSN 0033-295X
    DOI 10.1037/rev0000418
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1710: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Memory and Forgetting.

    Brewin, Chris R

    Current psychiatry reports

    2018  Volume 20, Issue 10, Page(s) 87

    Abstract: Purpose of review: I summarize recent developments in understanding the phenomenology of memory in PTSD, describe the most prominent theoretical models, and outline new forms of treatment aimed at modifying the traumatic memory.: Recent findings: ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: I summarize recent developments in understanding the phenomenology of memory in PTSD, describe the most prominent theoretical models, and outline new forms of treatment aimed at modifying the traumatic memory.
    Recent findings: Intrusive memories that have the quality of being relived in the present have been highlighted in ICD-11. Debate over whether trauma memories are disorganized has led to a distinction between global narratives that are usually well rehearsed and episodic memories of the most frightening moments when disruptions and fragmentation may occur. Attempts to prevent the initial consolidation of trauma memories have promise in prevention but face practical difficulties. Theoretical developments have led to a number of promising treatments for established PTSD including pre-retrieval propranolol and imagery rescripting. Research has suggested real possibilities to improve the prevention and treatment of PTSD by modifying trauma recall even though the theoretical basis for these interventions remains controversial.
    MeSH term(s) Fear ; Humans ; Memory, Episodic ; Mental Recall ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2055376-6
    ISSN 1535-1645 ; 1523-3812
    ISSN (online) 1535-1645
    ISSN 1523-3812
    DOI 10.1007/s11920-018-0950-7
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    Zs.A 5520: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Estimating the total prevalence of PTSD among the UK police force: Formal comment on Stevelink et al. (2020).

    Brewin, Chris R / Miller, Jessica K / Burchell, Brendan

    PloS one

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) e0268621

    Abstract: Two recent surveys have reported widely differing prevalence rates for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within the U.K. police force. Stevelink et al. (2020) reported a rate of 3.9% whereas a survey conducted for the charity Police Care UK reported a ...

    Abstract Two recent surveys have reported widely differing prevalence rates for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within the U.K. police force. Stevelink et al. (2020) reported a rate of 3.9% whereas a survey conducted for the charity Police Care UK reported a rate of 20.6%. In this comment we discuss how definitions and methodological factors can impact prevalence rates. We consider a number of possible reasons for the discrepancy between the surveys, and conclude that it is most likely a method artefact. Stevelink et al.'s survey reported the prevalence of recent-onset DSM-IV PTSD only, whereas the Police Care UK survey reported the total ICD-11 PTSD and Complex PTSD prevalence, regardless of when in the person's career the traumatic events occurred. Analysing the Police Care UK data using Stevelink et al.'s procedures produced practically identical prevalence rates, suggesting that the discrepancy was apparent rather than real.
    MeSH term(s) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Humans ; Police ; Prevalence ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0268621
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  9. Article ; Online: Coherence, disorganization, and fragmentation in traumatic memory reconsidered: A response to Rubin et al. (2016).

    Brewin, Chris R

    Journal of abnormal psychology

    2016  Volume 125, Issue 7, Page(s) 1011–1017

    Abstract: Although clinical theories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) claim that in this condition trauma memories tend to be disorganized and fragmented, this has been disputed by some autobiographical memory researchers, such as Rubin, Berntsen, and their ...

    Abstract Although clinical theories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) claim that in this condition trauma memories tend to be disorganized and fragmented, this has been disputed by some autobiographical memory researchers, such as Rubin, Berntsen, and their colleagues (e.g., Rubin et al., 2016). In this article I review the evidence for and against the fragmentation hypothesis and identify important sources of methodological variability between the studies. This analysis suggests that fragmentation and disorganization are associated with differences in the type of narrative (specifically, with detailed rather than general narratives) and in the focus of the analysis (specifically, with a local focus on sections of text concerned with the worst moments of the trauma rather than with a global focus on the text as a whole). The implication is that apparently discrepant data and discrepant views can be accommodated within a more comprehensive formulation of memory impairment in PTSD. (PsycINFO Database Record
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Memory ; Memory Disorders ; Memory, Episodic ; Narration ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 3127-6
    ISSN 1939-1846 ; 0021-843X ; 0096-851X ; 0145-2339 ; 0145-2347
    ISSN (online) 1939-1846
    ISSN 0021-843X ; 0096-851X ; 0145-2339 ; 0145-2347
    DOI 10.1037/abn0000154
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 5071: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Commentary: The evolving conception of posttraumatic stress disorder - reflections on Danzi and La Greca (2016).

    Brewin, Chris R

    Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines

    2016  Volume 57, Issue 12, Page(s) 1453–1454

    Abstract: As first formulated in 1980, the description of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was based on people exposed to severe and repeated traumatic events. Although the conceptualisation of PTSD in successive versions of the DSM has changed, the symptom ... ...

    Abstract As first formulated in 1980, the description of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was based on people exposed to severe and repeated traumatic events. Although the conceptualisation of PTSD in successive versions of the DSM has changed, the symptom picture remains complex and there have been concerns over whether the threshold is too high. In contrast, ICD-11 proposes a simpler diagnosis based on six symptoms and a distinction between PTSD and Complex PTSD. This approach may be more clinically useful and easier to employ for children in younger age groups. Danzi and La Greca's data are valuable in suggesting that PTSD in preadolescent as well as preschool children should be diagnosed using different criteria to adults. They also identify a lack of overlap between diagnostic systems that suggests PTSD may not be optimally identified using current methods.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-11-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 218136-8
    ISSN 1469-7610 ; 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
    ISSN (online) 1469-7610
    ISSN 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
    DOI 10.1111/jcpp.12634
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