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Article ; Online: CommunityFirst solutions for COVID-19: decolonising health crises responses.

Kiddell-Monroe, Rachel / Farber, Jessica / Devine, Carol / Orbinski, James

The Lancet. Planetary health

2021 Volume 5, Issue 8, Page(s) e499–e500

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/therapy ; Community Health Services/organization & administration ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2542-5196
ISSN (online)	2542-5196
DOI	10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00177-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Access to medicines and distributive justice: breaching Doha's ethical threshold.

Kiddell-Monroe, Rachel

Developing world bioethics

2014 Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) 59–66

Abstract: The global health crisis in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) reveals a deep global health inequity that lies at the heart of global justice concerns. Mirroring the HIV/AIDS epidemic, NCDs bring into stark relief once more the human consequences of trade ... ...

Abstract	The global health crisis in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) reveals a deep global health inequity that lies at the heart of global justice concerns. Mirroring the HIV/AIDS epidemic, NCDs bring into stark relief once more the human consequences of trade policies that reinforce global inequities in treatment access. Recognising distributive justice issues in access to medicines for their populations, World Trade Organisation (WTO) members confirmed the primacy of access to medicines for all in trade and public health in the landmark Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health of 2001.
MeSH term(s)	Chronic Disease/epidemiology ; Commerce ; Drug Costs ; Global Health ; Health Services Accessibility/ethics ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; Morals ; Public Health ; Social Justice
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2049034-3
ISSN	1471-8847 ; 1471-8731
ISSN (online)	1471-8847
ISSN	1471-8731
DOI	10.1111/dewb.12046
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Inuit communities can beat COVID-19 and tuberculosis.

Kiddell-Monroe, Rachel / Ranta, Malcolm / Enook, Sheila / Saranchuk, Peter

The Lancet. Public health

2020 Volume 5, Issue 6, Page(s) e312

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Canada/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/ethnology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Humans ; Inuits ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/ethnology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Tuberculosis/ethnology ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ISSN	2468-2667
ISSN (online)	2468-2667
DOI	10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30091-8
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: ReRouting biomedical innovation: observations from a mapping of the alternative research and development (R&D) landscape.

Greenberg, Alexandra / Kiddell-Monroe, Rachel

Globalization and health

2016 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 54

Abstract: In recent years, the world has witnessed the tragic outcomes of multiple global health crises. From Ebola to high prices to antibiotic resistance, these events highlight the fundamental constraints of the current biomedical research and development (R&D) ...

Abstract	In recent years, the world has witnessed the tragic outcomes of multiple global health crises. From Ebola to high prices to antibiotic resistance, these events highlight the fundamental constraints of the current biomedical research and development (R&D) system in responding to patient needs globally.To mitigate this lack of responsiveness, over 100 self-identified "alternative" R&D initiatives, have emerged in the past 15 years. To begin to make sense of this panoply of initiatives working to overcome the constraints of the current system, UAEM began an extensive, though not comprehensive, mapping of the alternative biomedical R&D landscape. We developed a two phase approach: (1) an investigation, via the RE:Route Mapping, of both existing and proposed initiatives that claim to offer an alternative approach to R&D, and (2) evaluation of those initiatives to determine which are in fact achieving increased access to and innovation in medicines. Through phase 1, the RE:Route Mapping, we examined 81 initiatives that claim to redress the inequity perpetuated by the current system via one of five commonly recognized mechanisms necessary for truly alternative R&D.Preliminary analysis of phase 1 provides the following conclusions: 1. No initiative presents a completely alternative model of biomedical R&D. 2. The majority of initiatives focus on developing incentives for drug discovery. 3. The majority of initiatives focus on rare diseases or diseases of the poor and marginalized. 4. There is an increasing emphasis on the use of push, pull, pool, collaboration and open mechanisms alongside the concept of delinkage in alternative R&D. 5. There is a trend towards public funding and launching of initiatives by the Global South. Given the RE:Route Mapping's inevitable limitations and the assumptions made in its methodology, it is not intended to be the final word on a constantly evolving and complex field; however, its findings are significant. The Mapping's value lies in its timely and unique insight into the importance of ongoing efforts to develop a new global framework for biomedical R&D. As we progress to phase 2, an evaluation tool for initiatives focused on identifying which approaches have truly achieved increased innovation and access for patients, we aim to demonstrate that there are a handful of initiatives which represent some, but not all, of the building blocks for a new approach to R&D.Through this mapping and our forthcoming evaluation, UAEM aims to initiate an evidence-based conversation around a truly alternative biomedical R&D model that serves people rather than profits.
MeSH term(s)	Biomedical Research/economics ; Biomedical Research/trends ; Cooperative Behavior ; Drug Discovery/ethics ; Drug Discovery/methods ; Drug Industry/economics ; Drug Industry/ethics ; Humans ; Inventions/trends
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2185774-X
ISSN	1744-8603 ; 1744-8603
ISSN (online)	1744-8603
ISSN	1744-8603
DOI	10.1186/s12992-016-0190-8
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Inuit communities can beat COVID-19 and tuberculosis

Kiddell-Monroe, Rachel / Ranta, Malcolm / Enook, Sheila / Saranchuk, Peter

Lancet Public Health

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #116572
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Inuit communities can beat COVID-19 and tuberculosis

Kiddell-Monroe, Rachel / Ranta, Malcolm / Enook, Sheila / Saranchuk, Peter

The Lancet Public Health

2020 Volume 5, Issue 6, Page(s) e312

Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	2468-2667
DOI	10.1016/s2468-2667(20)30091-8
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Overcoming Obstacles To Enable Access To Medicines For Noncommunicable Diseases In Poor Countries.

Kishore, Sandeep P / Kolappa, Kavitha / Jarvis, Jordan D / Park, Paul H / Belt, Rachel / Balasubramaniam, Thirukumaran / Kiddell-Monroe, Rachel

Health affairs (Project Hope)

2015 Volume 34, Issue 9, Page(s) 1569–1577

Abstract: The modern access-to-medicines movement grew largely out of the civil-society reaction to the HIV/AIDS pandemic three decades ago. While the movement was successful with regard to HIV/AIDS medications, the increasingly urgent challenge to address access ... ...

Abstract	The modern access-to-medicines movement grew largely out of the civil-society reaction to the HIV/AIDS pandemic three decades ago. While the movement was successful with regard to HIV/AIDS medications, the increasingly urgent challenge to address access to medicines for noncommunicable diseases has lagged behind-and, in some cases, has been forgotten. In this article we first ask what causes the access gap with respect to lifesaving essential noncommunicable disease medicines and then what can be done to close the gap. Using the example of the push for access to antiretrovirals for HIV/AIDS patients for comparison, we highlight the problems of inadequate global financing and procurement for noncommunicable disease medications, intellectual property barriers and concerns raised by the pharmaceutical industry, and challenges to building stronger civil-society organizations and a patient and humanitarian response from the bottom up to demand treatment. We provide targeted policy recommendations, specific to the public sector, the private sector, and civil society, with the goal of improving access to noncommunicable disease medications globally.
MeSH term(s)	Chronic Disease/drug therapy ; Chronic Disease/economics ; Communicable Diseases/drug therapy ; Communicable Diseases/economics ; Developing Countries ; Drug Costs ; Drug Industry/organization & administration ; Drugs, Essential/administration & dosage ; Drugs, Essential/economics ; Female ; Global Health ; Guidelines as Topic ; Health Care Costs ; Health Care Reform ; Health Policy ; Health Services Accessibility/economics ; Humans ; Male ; Policy Making ; Poverty ; Private Sector/economics ; Public Sector/economics ; Socioeconomic Factors
Chemical Substances	Drugs, Essential
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	632712-6
ISSN	1544-5208 ; 0278-2715
ISSN (online)	1544-5208
ISSN	0278-2715
DOI	10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0375
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Article ; Online: Promotion of access to essential medicines for non-communicable diseases: practical implications of the UN political declaration.

Hogerzeil, Hans V / Liberman, Jonathan / Wirtz, Veronika J / Kishore, Sandeep P / Selvaraj, Sakthi / Kiddell-Monroe, Rachel / Mwangi-Powell, Faith N / von Schoen-Angerer, Tido

Lancet (London, England)

2013 Volume 381, Issue 9867, Page(s) 680–689

Abstract: Access to medicines and vaccines to prevent and treat non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is unacceptably low worldwide. In the 2011 UN political declaration on the prevention and control of NCDs, heads of government made several commitments related to ... ...

Abstract	Access to medicines and vaccines to prevent and treat non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is unacceptably low worldwide. In the 2011 UN political declaration on the prevention and control of NCDs, heads of government made several commitments related to access to essential medicines, technologies, and vaccines for such diseases. 30 years of experience with policies for essential medicines and 10 years of scaling up of HIV treatment have provided the knowledge needed to address barriers to long-term effective treatment and prevention of NCDs. More medicines can be acquired within existing budgets with efficient selection, procurement, and use of generic medicines. Furthermore, low-income and middle-income countries need to increase mobilisation of domestic resources to cater for the many patients with NCDs who do not have access to treatment. Existing initiatives for HIV treatment offer useful lessons that can enhance access to pharmaceutical management of NCDs and improve adherence to long-term treatment of chronic illness; policy makers should also address unacceptable inequities in access to controlled opioid analgesics. In addition to off-patent medicines, governments can promote access to new and future on-patent medicinal products through coherent and equitable health and trade policies, particularly those for intellectual property. Frequent conflicts of interest need to be identified and managed, and indicators and targets for access to NCD medicines should be used to monitor progress. Only with these approaches can a difference be made to the lives of hundreds of millions of current and future patients with NCDs.
MeSH term(s)	Chronic Disease/drug therapy ; Counterfeit Drugs ; Drug Contamination ; Drugs, Generic/economics ; Drugs, Generic/supply & distribution ; Financing, Organized ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; Patents as Topic ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/economics ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/supply & distribution ; Quality Control ; Safety ; United Nations
Chemical Substances	Counterfeit Drugs ; Drugs, Generic ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-02-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
DOI	10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62128-X
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Promotion of access to essential medicines for non-communicable diseases: practical implications of the UN political declaration

Hogerzeil, Hans V / Liberman, Jonathan / Wirtz, Veronika J / Kishore, Sandeep P / Selvaraj, Sakthi / Kiddell-Monroe, Rachel / Mwangi-Powell, Faith N / von Schoen-Angerer, Tido

lancet. 2013 Feb. 23, v. 381, no. 9867

2013

Institution	on behalf of The Lancet NCD Action Group
Abstract	Access to medicines and vaccines to prevent and treat non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is unacceptably low worldwide. In the 2011 UN political declaration on the prevention and control of NCDs, heads of government made several commitments related to access to essential medicines, technologies, and vaccines for such diseases. 30 years of experience with policies for essential medicines and 10 years of scaling up of HIV treatment have provided the knowledge needed to address barriers to long-term effective treatment and prevention of NCDs. More medicines can be acquired within existing budgets with efficient selection, procurement, and use of generic medicines. Furthermore, low-income and middle-income countries need to increase mobilisation of domestic resources to cater for the many patients with NCDs who do not have access to treatment. Existing initiatives for HIV treatment offer useful lessons that can enhance access to pharmaceutical management of NCDs and improve adherence to long-term treatment of chronic illness; policy makers should also address unacceptable inequities in access to controlled opioid analgesics. In addition to off-patent medicines, governments can promote access to new and future on-patent medicinal products through coherent and equitable health and trade policies, particularly those for intellectual property. Frequent conflicts of interest need to be identified and managed, and indicators and targets for access to NCD medicines should be used to monitor progress. Only with these approaches can a difference be made to the lives of hundreds of millions of current and future patients with NCDs.
Keywords	United Nations ; chronic diseases ; narcotics ; patients ; politics ; trade policy ; vaccines
Language	English
Dates of publication	2013-0223
Size	p. 680-689.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
DOI	10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62128-X
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Promotion of access to essential medicines for non-communicable diseases: practical implications of the UN political declaration

Hogerzeil, Hans V / Liberman, Jonathan / Wirtz, Veronika J / Kishore, Sandeep P / Selvaraj, Sakthi / Kiddell-Monroe, Rachel / Mwangi-Powell, Faith N / von Schoen-Angerer, Tido

lancet

Volume v. 381,, Issue no. 9

Abstract	Access to medicines and vaccines to prevent and treat non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is unacceptably low worldwide. In the 2011 UN political declaration on the prevention and control of NCDs, heads of government made several commitments related to access to essential medicines, technologies, and vaccines for such diseases. 30 years of experience with policies for essential medicines and 10 years of scaling up of HIV treatment have provided the knowledge needed to address barriers to long-term effective treatment and prevention of NCDs. More medicines can be acquired within existing budgets with efficient selection, procurement, and use of generic medicines. Furthermore, low-income and middle-income countries need to increase mobilisation of domestic resources to cater for the many patients with NCDs who do not have access to treatment. Existing initiatives for HIV treatment offer useful lessons that can enhance access to pharmaceutical management of NCDs and improve adherence to long-term treatment of chronic illness; policy makers should also address unacceptable inequities in access to controlled opioid analgesics. In addition to off-patent medicines, governments can promote access to new and future on-patent medicinal products through coherent and equitable health and trade policies, particularly those for intellectual property. Frequent conflicts of interest need to be identified and managed, and indicators and targets for access to NCD medicines should be used to monitor progress. Only with these approaches can a difference be made to the lives of hundreds of millions of current and future patients with NCDs.
Keywords	trade policy ; politics ; vaccines ; patients ; chronic diseases ; United Nations ; narcotics
Language	English
Document type	Article
ISSN	0140-6736
Database	AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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