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Article ; Online: Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells Are Highly Activated and Functionally Impaired in COVID-19 Patients.

2021 Volume 13, Issue 2

Abstract: ... for the pathogenesis of COVID-19, although especially the contribution of innate-like T cells remains poorly understood ... Here, we analysed the phenotype and function of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, innate ... like T cells with potent antimicrobial effector function, in patients with mild and severe COVID-19 ...

Abstract	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), comprises mild courses of disease as well as progression to severe disease, characterised by lung and other organ failure. The immune system is considered to play a crucial role for the pathogenesis of COVID-19, although especially the contribution of innate-like T cells remains poorly understood. Here, we analysed the phenotype and function of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, innate-like T cells with potent antimicrobial effector function, in patients with mild and severe COVID-19 by multicolour flow cytometry. Our data indicate that MAIT cells are highly activated in patients with COVID-19, irrespective of the course of disease, and express high levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-17A and TNFα ex vivo. Of note, expression of the activation marker HLA-DR positively correlated with SAPS II score, a measure of disease severity. Upon MAIT cell-specific in vitro stimulation, MAIT cells however failed to upregulate expression of the cytokines IL-17A and TNFα, as well as cytolytic proteins, that is, granzyme B and perforin. Thus, our data point towards an altered cytokine expression profile alongside an impaired antibacterial and antiviral function of MAIT cells in COVID-19 and thereby contribute to the understanding of COVID-19 immunopathogenesis.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptive Immunity ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/physiopathology ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Female ; Granzymes/metabolism ; HLA-DR Antigens ; Humans ; Interleukin-17/metabolism ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Male ; Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells/immunology ; Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells/metabolism ; Severity of Illness Index ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; HLA-DR Antigens ; IL17A protein, human ; Interleukin-17 ; TNF protein, human ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; GZMB protein, human (EC 3.4.21.-) ; Granzymes (EC 3.4.21.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13020241
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Thesis: Aufbau und Verankerung der Chordae tendineae in der Papillarmuskulatur und der Trikuspidal- bzw. Mitralklappe des Schweins

Lahmer, Tobias

2008

Author's details	vorgelegt von Tobias Lahmer
Language	German
Size	123 S., Ill., graph. Darst.
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Book ; Thesis
Thesis / German Habilitation thesis	München, Univ., Diss., 2008
HBZ-ID	HT015788786
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Shelf mark	Loan status	Location
2009 D 49	order for loan	Magazin

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Article ; Online: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in critically ill patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: results from the prospective AspCOVID-19 study

Lahmer, T.

Abstract: Background: Superinfections, including invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), are well-known complications of critically ill patients with severe viral pneumonia. Aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and outcome of IPA in ... ...

Abstract	Background: Superinfections, including invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), are well-known complications of critically ill patients with severe viral pneumonia. Aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and outcome of IPA in critically ill patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: We prospectively screened 32 critically ill patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia for a time period of 28 days using a standardized study protocol for oberservation of developement of COVID-19 associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). We collected laboratory, microbiological, virological and clinical parameters at defined timepoints in combination with galactomannan-antigen-detection from bronchial aspirates. We used logistic regression analyses to assess if COVID-19 was independently associated with IPA and compared it with matched controls. Findings: CAPA was diagnosed at a median of 4 days after ICU admission in 11/32 (34%) of critically ill patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia as compared to 8% in the control cohort. In the COVID-19 cohort, mean age, APACHE II score and ICU mortality were higher in patients with CAPA than in patients without CAPA (36% versus 9.5%; p<0.001). ICU stay (21 versus 17 days; p=0.340) and days of mechanical ventilation (20 versus 15 days; p=0.570) were not different between both groups. In regression analysis COVID-19 and APACHE II score were independently associated with IPA. Interpretation: CAPA is highly prevalent and associated with a high mortality rate. COVID-19 is independently associated with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. A standardized screening and diagnostic approach as presented in our study can help to identify affected patients at an early stage.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	MedRxiv; WHO
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.07.21.20158972
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in critically ill patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: results from the prospective AspCOVID-19 study

Lahmer, Tobias

medRxiv

Abstract	Background: Superinfections, including invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), are well-known complications of critically ill patients with severe viral pneumonia. Aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and outcome of IPA in critically ill patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: We prospectively screened 32 critically ill patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia for a time period of 28 days using a standardized study protocol for oberservation of developement of COVID-19 associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). We collected laboratory, microbiological, virological and clinical parameters at defined timepoints in combination with galactomannan-antigen-detection from bronchial aspirates. We used logistic regression analyses to assess if COVID-19 was independently associated with IPA and compared it with matched controls. Findings: CAPA was diagnosed at a median of 4 days after ICU admission in 11/32 (34%) of critically ill patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia as compared to 8% in the control cohort. In the COVID-19 cohort, mean age, APACHE II score and ICU mortality were higher in patients with CAPA than in patients without CAPA (36% versus 9.5%; p<0.001). ICU stay (21 versus 17 days; p=0.340) and days of mechanical ventilation (20 versus 15 days; p=0.570) were not different between both groups. In regression analysis COVID-19 and APACHE II score were independently associated with IPA. Interpretation: CAPA is highly prevalent and associated with a high mortality rate. COVID-19 is independently associated with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. A standardized screening and diagnostic approach as presented in our study can help to identify affected patients at an early stage.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-22
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.07.21.20158972
Database	COVID19

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Article: Tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells but not regulatory T cells predict outcome in anal squamous cell carcinoma.

Grabenbauer, Gerhard G / Lahmer, Godehard / Distel, Luitpold / Niedobitek, Gerald

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

2006 Volume 12, Issue 11 Pt 1, Page(s) 3355–3360

Abstract: ... Cytotoxic TILs are generally considered as prognostically favorable, whereas regulatory T cells (Treg ... of T-cell subsets on survival in patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma following radiochemotherapy ...

Abstract	Purpose: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are a possible prognostic factor in solid tumors. Cytotoxic TILs are generally considered as prognostically favorable, whereas regulatory T cells (Treg) may have adverse effects by virtue of their ability to inhibit effector cells. We have evaluated the effect of T-cell subsets on survival in patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma following radiochemotherapy. Methods: Biopsy specimens from 38 patients with anal carcinomas were evaluated using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry for the presence of tumor-infiltrating immune cells using CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD68 antibodies. Treg were identified using an antibody directed against the transcription factor FoxP3, and granzyme B served as a marker for cytotoxic cells. Intratumoral immune cells were enumerated using a semiautomatic image analysis program. Prognostic effect of TIL subsets was evaluated by the log-rank test comparing no evidence of disease survival for groups with high and low numbers using median values as cutoff. Results: CD3+ and CD4+ TILs influenced no evidence of disease survival: 3-year rates for patients with low numbers were 89% and 95%, respectively, and 54% (P = 0.02) and 48%, (P = 0.01), respectively, in cases with high numbers. Large numbers of tumor-infiltrating granzyme B+ cytotoxic cells had a significant negative prognostic effect (P = 0.008), whereas no effect was observed for Treg. Conclusions: TILs were identified as negative prognostic indicators in anal squamous cell carcinomas with granzyme B+ cytotoxic cells showing highest effect on outcome. This is possibly explained by the selection of therapy-resistant tumor cell clones. No prognostic influence of Treg was found. Knowledge of local immune responses is important for the development of immunotherapeutic strategies.
MeSH term(s)	Anus Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Anus Neoplasms/immunology ; Anus Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-06-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1225457-5
ISSN	1557-3265 ; 1078-0432
ISSN (online)	1557-3265
ISSN	1078-0432
DOI	10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2434
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 4223: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Conference proceedings: Aktuelle Daten zur Morbidität und Mortalität der akuten Pankreatitis basierend auf der DRG Statistik des Statistischen Bundesamtes

Rasch, S. / Erber, J. / Phillip, V. / Lahmer, T.

Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie

2023 Volume 61, Issue 08

Event/congress	Viszeralmedizin 2023 77. Jahrestagung der DGVS mit Sektion Endoskopie Herbsttagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie mit den Arbeitsgemeinschaften der DGAV und Jahrestagung der CACP, Erst online. Dann Hamburg., 2023-09-11
Language	German
Publishing date	2023-08-01
Publisher	Georg Thieme Verlag
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article ; Conference proceedings
ZDB-ID	201387-3
ISSN	1439-7803 ; 0044-2771 ; 0172-8504
ISSN (online)	1439-7803
ISSN	0044-2771 ; 0172-8504
DOI	10.1055/s-0043-1772010
Database	Thieme publisher's database

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 111: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.A 111/X: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article: EASIX Is an Accurate and Easily Available Prognostic Score in Critically Ill Patients with Advanced Liver Disease.

Schult, David / Rasch, Sebastian / Schmid, Roland M / Lahmer, Tobias / Mayr, Ulrich

Journal of clinical medicine

2023 Volume 12, Issue 7

Abstract: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is associated with high mortality. Objective prognostic scores are important for treatment decisions. EASIX (Endothelial Activation and Stress Index) is a simple biomarker consisting of LDH, platelets, and creatinine, ...

Abstract	Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is associated with high mortality. Objective prognostic scores are important for treatment decisions. EASIX (Endothelial Activation and Stress Index) is a simple biomarker consisting of LDH, platelets, and creatinine, reflecting endothelial dysfunction after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Considering endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of ACLF, this study aimed to test the discriminative ability of EASIX in advanced liver disease. We retrospectively analysed the prognostic potential of EASIX to predict 28-day and 3-month mortality in a total of 188 liver cirrhotic patients requiring treatment at the intensive care unit. We evaluated the ability of EASIX to rule out early infections and predict the need for hemodialysis. EASIX performed moderately better than established scores in predicting 28-day mortality (AUC = 0.771) and was nearly equivalent (AUC = 0.791) to SOFA and APACHE-II in the prediction of 3-month mortality. Importantly, EASIX showed better diagnostic potential in ruling out clinically apparent infections than common proinflammatory markers (AUC = 0.861,
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm12072553
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Herpes Simplex Virus Bronchopneumonitis in Critically Ill Patients with Acute on Chronic Liver Failure: A Retrospective Analysis.

Dibos, Miriam / Triebelhorn, Julian / Schneider, Jochen / Rasch, Sebastian / Schmid, Roland M / Lahmer, Tobias / Mayr, Ulrich

Viruses

2024 Volume 16, Issue 3

Abstract: 1) Background: Critically ill patients are frequently diagnosed with pulmonary Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV) reactivation, which then can lead to HSV bronchopneumonitis and is associated with higher mortality and longer mechanical ventilation. For the ... ...

Abstract	(1) Background: Critically ill patients are frequently diagnosed with pulmonary Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV) reactivation, which then can lead to HSV bronchopneumonitis and is associated with higher mortality and longer mechanical ventilation. For the particular subgroup of critically ill patients with acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF), however, the impact of HSV reactivation is unknown. We investigated the impact of HSV reactivation in these patients. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis, evaluating data from 136 mechanically ventilated patients with ACLF between January 2016 and August 2023. Clinical parameters were compared between patients with and without HSV bronchopneumonitis. (3) Results: 10.3% were diagnosed with HSV bronchopneumonitis (HSV group). Mortality did not differ between the HSV and non-HSV group (85.7% vs. 75.4%,
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure ; Retrospective Studies ; Critical Illness ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Disease Progression ; Herpes Simplex
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v16030419
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: Framework for a simulation-based aerodynamic shape optimization of bridge decks for different limit state phenomena

Abbas, Tajammal / Kavrakov, Igor / Morgenthal, Guido / Lahmer, Tom

2022

Abstract: Wind-induced response governs the design of the long-span bridges. The shape of the deck is one of the most important factors that not only affects the mechanical properties but greatly influences the aerodynamic performance of the bridge. An efficient ... ...

Abstract	Wind-induced response governs the design of the long-span bridges. The shape of the deck is one of the most important factors that not only affects the mechanical properties but greatly influences the aerodynamic performance of the bridge. An efficient framework is proposed to perform aerodynamic shape optimization of a bridge deck using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and response surface strategies considering aeroelastic phenomena such as flutter, buffeting and Vortex-induced Vibrations (VIV). A parameterized cross section of the deck has been utilized ensuring required carriageway width and structural demand. The Particle swarm optimization algorithm has been employed which leads to an optimized shape that performs better as compared to the reference section. The presented aerodynamic shape optimization framework has a great potential to be used in the design of long-span bridges.
Keywords	Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Subject code	621
Publishing date	2022-03-27
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Improved Rapid Visual Earthquake Hazard Safety Evaluation of Existing Buildings Using a Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Model

Ehsan Harirchian / Tom Lahmer

Applied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 7, p

2020 Volume 2375

Abstract: Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) is a procedure that estimates structural scores for buildings and prioritizes their retrofit and upgrade requirements. Despite the speed and simplicity of RVS, many of the collected parameters are non-commensurable and ... ...

Abstract	Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) is a procedure that estimates structural scores for buildings and prioritizes their retrofit and upgrade requirements. Despite the speed and simplicity of RVS, many of the collected parameters are non-commensurable and include subjectivity due to visual observations. This might cause uncertainties in the evaluation, which emphasizes the use of a fuzzy-based method. This study aims to propose a novel RVS methodology based on the interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (IT2FLS) to set the priority of vulnerable building to undergo detailed assessment while covering uncertainties and minimizing their effects during evaluation. The proposed method estimates the vulnerability of a building, in terms of Damage Index, considering the number of stories, age of building, plan irregularity, vertical irregularity, building quality, and peak ground velocity, as inputs with a single output variable. Applicability of the proposed method has been investigated using a post-earthquake damage database of reinforced concrete buildings from the Bingöl and Düzce earthquakes in Turkey.
Keywords	fuzzy logic system ; earthquake safety assessment ; seismic vulnerability assessment ; Interval Type-2 Fuzzy logic ; rapid visual screening ; reinforced concrete buildings ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	720
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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