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  1. Book ; Online: Skin Cancer Overview

    Xi, Yaguang

    2011  

    Keywords Oncology
    Size 1 electronic resource (228 pages)
    Publisher IntechOpen
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021045956
    ISBN 9789535166139 ; 9535166131
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article: MicroRNA: A New Player for Cancer Chemoprevention.

    Xi, Yaguang

    Journal of integrative oncology

    2013  Volume 2, Issue 1

    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-10-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    DOI 10.4172/2329-6771.1000105
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Genetic Editing of Long Noncoding RNA Using CRISPR/Cas9 Technology.

    Larter, Kristina / Yi, Bin / Xi, Yaguang

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2021  Volume 2372, Page(s) 169–177

    Abstract: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides in length and makeup a considerable part of the human genome. LncRNAs are well established as crucial players in a myriad of physiological and pathological ... ...

    Abstract Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides in length and makeup a considerable part of the human genome. LncRNAs are well established as crucial players in a myriad of physiological and pathological processes; however, despite their abundance and versatility, the functional characteristics of lncRNAs remain largely unknown predominantly due to the lack of suitable genetic editing strategies. The complexity of their genetic structure and regulation combined with their unique functionality poses several limitations in the application of classic genetic manipulation methods in lncRNA functional studies. Several reports have demonstrated the successful implementation of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in screening and identifying the function of specific lncRNAs. Here, we describe a detailed protocol utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 genetic editing technology for knocking down lncRNAs in vitro.
    MeSH term(s) CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics ; Gene Editing ; Humans ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics ; Technology
    Chemical Substances RNA, Long Noncoding
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-1697-0_15
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: CRISPR/Cas9 System to Knockdown MicroRNA In Vitro and In Vivo.

    Yi, Bin / Larter, Kristina / Xi, Yaguang

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2021  Volume 2300, Page(s) 133–139

    Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding single-stranded RNA molecules containing 18-22 nucleotides that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional and translational levels. Loss-of-function studies ... ...

    Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding single-stranded RNA molecules containing 18-22 nucleotides that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional and translational levels. Loss-of-function studies are the fundamental strategy to examine miRNA function and target genes in cellular and molecular biology. Traditional methods for miRNA loss-of-function studies include miRNA-specific antisense inhibitors, miRNA sponges, and genetic knockout. However, efficiency, specificity, and stability of these methods are not adequate. Our study suggests that CRISPR/Cas9 is an economic, convenient, and innovative strategy with high efficiency, specificity, and stability for the modulation of miRNA expression. Herein, we describe a detailed protocol for knocking out miRNA genes in vitro and in vivo with the CRISPR/Cas9 system.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics ; Gene Editing ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Knockdown Techniques/methods ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Plasmids/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Ribonuclease III/genetics ; Transfection
    Chemical Substances MicroRNAs ; RNA, Messenger ; Dicer1 protein, mouse (EC 3.1.26.3) ; Drosha protein, mouse (EC 3.1.26.3) ; Ribonuclease III (EC 3.1.26.3) ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases (EC 3.6.4.13)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-1386-3_13
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: MicroRNAs mediate therapeutic and preventive effects of natural agents in breast cancer.

    Liang, Zhipin / Xi, Yaguang

    Chinese journal of natural medicines

    2017  Volume 14, Issue 12, Page(s) 881–887

    Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a set of non-coding small RNA molecules that play a critical role in regulation of protein coding genes in cells. MiRNAs have been extensively studied as novel biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and new drugs in various human ... ...

    Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a set of non-coding small RNA molecules that play a critical role in regulation of protein coding genes in cells. MiRNAs have been extensively studied as novel biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and new drugs in various human diseases. Breast cancer is a one of the leading tumor types significantly affecting women health worldwide. Over the past decade, a number of natural agents, such as paclitaxel and curcumin, have been applied for treatment and prevention of breast cancer due to their relatively low toxicity. However, the mechanisms of action have not been completely understood. Investigation on miRNAs is able to potentially provide a novel insight into better understanding the anticancer activities of these natural products. Given that a single miRNA can target multiple genes, theoretically, those genes involved in a certain phenotype can be clustered with one or a few miRNAs. Therefore, pleiotropic activities of natural agents should be interpreted by interactions between selected miRNAs and their targets. In this review, we summarize the latest publications related to the alterations of miRNAs by two natural agents (paclitaxel and curcumin) that are currently used in intervention of breast cancer, and conclude that the mechanism involving the regulation of miRNA expression is one of the keys to understand pleiotropic activities of natural agents.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage ; Biological Products/administration & dosage ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Curcumin/administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Paclitaxel/administration & dosage
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Biological Products ; MicroRNAs ; Curcumin (IT942ZTH98) ; Paclitaxel (P88XT4IS4D)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03-03
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2192577-X
    ISSN 1875-5364 ; 2095-6975 ; 1672-3651
    ISSN (online) 1875-5364
    ISSN 2095-6975 ; 1672-3651
    DOI 10.1016/S1875-5364(17)30012-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: [Corrigendum] SPAG9 expression is increased in human prostate cancer and promotes cell motility, invasion and angiogenesis

    Chen, Feifei / Lu, Zheng / Deng, Junpeng / Han, Xuechao / Bai, Jin / Liu, Qinghua / Xi, Yaguang / Zheng, Junnian

    Oncology reports

    2022  Volume 47, Issue 5

    Abstract: Subsequently to the publication of the above article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that a pair of data panels presented in each of Figs. 3 and 4 appeared to be overlapping, such that these data may have been derived from the same ... ...

    Abstract Subsequently to the publication of the above article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that a pair of data panels presented in each of Figs. 3 and 4 appeared to be overlapping, such that these data may have been derived from the same original sources where they were intended to have shown the results from experiments performed under different experimental conditions. The authors realised that these figures had inadvertently been assembled incorrectly; however, as they had retained their access to the raw data, the authors were able to make the appropriate corrections required for these figures. The corrected versions of Figs. 3 and 4, showing the correct wound healing assay result for the DU1450‑siSPAG9 experiment at 24 h in Fig. 3F and the correct Matrigel cell invasion assay result for PC3‑siSPAG9 in Fig. 4C, are shown on the subsequent pages. Note that these errors did not adversely affect the major conclusions reported in the study. The authors all agree with these corrections and thank the Editor of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-06
    Publishing country Greece
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 1222484-4
    ISSN 1791-2431 ; 1021-335X
    ISSN (online) 1791-2431
    ISSN 1021-335X
    DOI 10.3892/or.2022.8314
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 4213: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Global Switch from DICER-dependent MicroRNA to DICER-independent SnoRNA-derived RNA Biogenesis in Malignancy.

    Godang, Noel L / DeMeis, Jeffrey D / Houserova, Dominika / Chaudhary, Neil Y / Salter, Carly J / Xi, Yaguang / McDonald, Oliver G / Borchert, Glen M

    microPublication biology

    2023  Volume 2023

    Abstract: SnoRNAs are frequently processed into snoRNA-derived RNAs (sdRNAs) that function much like traditional microRNAs (miRNAs). That said, our analyses suggest a global switch from DICER-dependent (predominately miRNA) to DICER-independent (predominately ... ...

    Abstract SnoRNAs are frequently processed into snoRNA-derived RNAs (sdRNAs) that function much like traditional microRNAs (miRNAs). That said, our analyses suggest a global switch from DICER-dependent (predominately miRNA) to DICER-independent (predominately sdRNA) biogenesis/gene regulation in colon cancer. Whereas the expressions of 259 of 288 appreciably expressed miRNAs are significantly decreased (avg. 6.4% of WT) in human colon cancer DICER-KOs, 95 of 103 sdRNAs are conversely, significantly increased (avg. 679.3%) in DICER-KOs as compared to WT. As many diseases are characterized by DICER deficiency, this putative global switch to DICER-independent sdRNA regulations may contribute to an array of human diseases.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2578-9430
    ISSN (online) 2578-9430
    DOI 10.17912/micropub.biology.000725
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Metformin and cancer immunity.

    Ma, Ruixia / Yi, Bin / Riker, Adam I / Xi, Yaguang

    Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    2020  Volume 41, Issue 11, Page(s) 1403–1409

    Abstract: The immune system plays an essential and central role in tumor cell differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. Over the past decade, cancer therapy has rapidly evolved from traditional approaches, such as surgery, ... ...

    Abstract The immune system plays an essential and central role in tumor cell differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. Over the past decade, cancer therapy has rapidly evolved from traditional approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, to revolutionary new treatment options with immunotherapy. This new era of cancer treatment options has now been clinically tested and applied to many forms of human malignancies, often with quite dramatic results. As we develop more effective combinations of cancer treatment, several agents have been recently investigated, putatively identified as anticancer agents, or immunostimulatory molecules. One such agent is metformin, originally developed as a fairly standard first-line therapy for patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Given the underlying mechanisms of action, researchers began to examine the alternative functions and possible utility of metformin, finding that the cancer risk in patients with T2DM was reduced. It appears that metformin, at least in part, has an antitumor effect through activation of the 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Moreover, numerous studies have demonstrated that metformin interferes with key immunopathological mechanisms that are involved in the pathological processes or associated with malignant progression. Such insights may shed light on further analyzing whether metformin enhances the effectiveness of the immunotherapy and overcomes the immunotherapy resistance in the patients. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature examining the impact of metformin upon the host immune system and cancer immunity.
    MeSH term(s) AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/pharmacology ; Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use ; Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects ; Metformin/pharmacology ; Metformin/therapeutic use ; Myeloid Cells/drug effects ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Immunologic Factors ; Metformin (9100L32L2N) ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.31)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1360774-1
    ISSN 1745-7254 ; 0253-9756 ; 1671-4083
    ISSN (online) 1745-7254
    ISSN 0253-9756 ; 1671-4083
    DOI 10.1038/s41401-020-00508-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1904: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: CRISPR/Cas9 ablating viral microRNA promotes lytic reactivation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.

    Liang, Zhipin / Qin, Zhiqiang / Riker, Adam I / Xi, Yaguang

    Biochemical and biophysical research communications

    2020  Volume 533, Issue 4, Page(s) 1400–1405

    Abstract: The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated gene 9) system is an RNA-guided, DNA editing method that has been widely used for gene editing, including human viruses. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated ... ...

    Abstract The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated gene 9) system is an RNA-guided, DNA editing method that has been widely used for gene editing, including human viruses. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8), following latent infection in human cells, can cause a variety of malignancies, such as Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), with a high prevalence in immunocompromised patients. Of significant concern, the latent infection with KSHV has been shown to lead to increased resistance to antiviral therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a set of non-coding, small RNA molecules that regulate protein-coding genes at the post-transcriptional and translational levels. KSHV has its miRNAs, most of which are expressed in latently infected cells and play a crucial role in maintaining KSHV latency. Notably, by regulating the expression of the downstream target genes in host cells, KSHV miRNAs can interact with the host environment to promote the development of KSHV-related diseases. Although CRISPR/Cas9 has been reported to edit KSHV protein-coding genes, there is no published literature on whether the CRISPR/Cas9 system can regulate the expression of KSHV miRNAs. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to inhibit the expression of KSHV miRNAs by directly editing the DNA sequences of individual KSHV miRNAs, or the promoter of clustered KHSV miRNAs, in latent KSHV-infected PEL cells. Our results show that CRISPR/Cas9 can ablate KSHV miRNAs expression, which in turn leads to the upregulation of viral lytic genes and alteration of host cellular gene expression. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first reported demonstration of the CRISPR/Cas9 system editing KSHV miRNAs, further expanding the application of CRISPR/Cas9 as a novel antiviral strategy targeting KSHV latency.
    MeSH term(s) CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Gene Editing ; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ; Genome, Viral ; Herpesvirus 8, Human/genetics ; Herpesvirus 8, Human/pathogenicity ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ; Humans ; Latent Infection/genetics ; Lymphoma, Primary Effusion/virology ; MicroRNAs ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Precision Medicine/methods ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/virology
    Chemical Substances MicroRNAs ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 205723-2
    ISSN 1090-2104 ; 0006-291X ; 0006-291X
    ISSN (online) 1090-2104 ; 0006-291X
    ISSN 0006-291X
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.030
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 116: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Two MYB activators of anthocyanin biosynthesis exhibit specialized activities in petiole and fruit of diploid strawberry.

    Luo, Xi / Plunkert, Madison / Teng, Zi / Mackenzie, Kathryn / Guo, Lei / Luo, Yaguang / Hytönen, Timo / Liu, Zhongchi

    Journal of experimental botany

    2022  Volume 74, Issue 5, Page(s) 1517–1531

    Abstract: The R2R3-MYB transcription factor FveMYB10 is a major regulator of anthocyanin pigmentation in the red fruits of strawberry. fvemyb10 loss-of-function mutants form yellow fruits but still accumulate purple-colored anthocyanins in the petioles, suggesting ...

    Abstract The R2R3-MYB transcription factor FveMYB10 is a major regulator of anthocyanin pigmentation in the red fruits of strawberry. fvemyb10 loss-of-function mutants form yellow fruits but still accumulate purple-colored anthocyanins in the petioles, suggesting that anthocyanin biosynthesis is under distinct regulation in fruits and petioles. From chemical mutagenesis in the diploid wild strawberry Fragaria vesca, we identified a green petioles (gp)-1 mutant that lacks anthocyanins in petioles. Using mapping-by-sequencing and transient functional assays, we confirmed that the causative mutation resides in a FveMYB10-Like (FveMYB10L) gene and that FveMYB10 and FveMYB10L function independently in the fruit and petiole, respectively. In addition to their tissue-specific regulation, FveMYB10 and FveMYB10L respond differently to changes in light quality, produce distinct anthocyanin compositions, and preferentially activate different downstream anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in their respective tissues. This work identifies a new regulator of anthocyanin synthesis and demonstrates that two paralogous MYB genes with specialized functions enable tissue-specific regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in fruit and petiole tissues.
    MeSH term(s) Fragaria/genetics ; Fragaria/metabolism ; Anthocyanins ; Fruit/genetics ; Fruit/metabolism ; Diploidy ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Anthocyanins ; Transcription Factors ; Plant Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2976-2
    ISSN 1460-2431 ; 0022-0957
    ISSN (online) 1460-2431
    ISSN 0022-0957
    DOI 10.1093/jxb/erac507
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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