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  1. Article: Internal Hernia as a Rare Complication of Acute Appendicitis.

    AlSarraj, Omar M / Alqahtani, Awadh / Alqahtani, Faisal S / Billa, Srikar / AlMayouf, Mohammed

    Cureus

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) e56613

    Abstract: Appendicitis is a well-known and highly common surgical emergency disease, yet it presents with a wide variety of manifestations. This is a case report of a 47-year-old female who presented with a complaint of having constant crampy right lower abdominal ...

    Abstract Appendicitis is a well-known and highly common surgical emergency disease, yet it presents with a wide variety of manifestations. This is a case report of a 47-year-old female who presented with a complaint of having constant crampy right lower abdominal pain for two weeks. The patient reported having a sudden onset of symptoms that went with the typical picture of acute appendicitis that occurred two weeks ago. Our pre-op workup was inconclusive; therefore, we planned to go for a diagnostic laparoscopy, where surprisingly, the appendix was long, inflamed, and attached to the posterior wall of the cecum. Thus, a ring-like structure was developed, in which 8 to 10 cm of the terminal ileum (the last part of the small bowel) was going through and causing an internal hernia. Although blood and radiology workups provide valuable assistance in diagnosing common cases, a highly suspicious sense and skillful surgeons with good clinical experience play a major role in managing such rare presentations.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.56613
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Axonal injury is detected by βAPP immunohistochemistry in rapid death from head injury following road traffic collision.

    Al-Sarraj, Safa / Troakes, Claire / Rutty, Guy N

    International journal of legal medicine

    2022  Volume 136, Issue 5, Page(s) 1321–1339

    Abstract: The accumulation of βAPP caused by axonal injury is an active energy-dependent process thought to require blood circulation; therefore, it is closely related to the post-injury survival time. Currently, the earliest reported time at which axonal injury ... ...

    Abstract The accumulation of βAPP caused by axonal injury is an active energy-dependent process thought to require blood circulation; therefore, it is closely related to the post-injury survival time. Currently, the earliest reported time at which axonal injury can be detected in post-mortem traumatic brain injury (TBI) tissue by βAPP (Beta Amyloid Precursor Protein) immunohistochemistry is 35 min. The aim of this study is to investigate whether βAPP staining for axonal injury can be detected in patients who died rapidly after TBI in road traffic collision (RTC), in a period of less than 30 min.We retrospectively studied thirty-seven patients (group 1) died very rapidly at the scene; evidenced by forensic assessment of injuries short survival, four patients died after a survival period of between 31 min and 12 h (group 2) and eight patients between 2 and 31 days (group 3). The brains were comprehensively examined and sampled at the time of the autopsy, and βAPP immunohistochemistry carried out on sections from a number of brain areas.βAPP immunoreactivity was demonstrated in 35/37 brains in group 1, albeit with a low frequency and in a variable pattern, and with more intensity and frequency in all brains of group 2 and 7/8 brains from group 3, compared with no similar βAPP immunoreactivity in the control group. The results suggest axonal injury can be detected in those who died rapidly after RTC in a period of less than 30 min, which can help in the diagnosis of severe TBI with short survival time.
    MeSH term(s) Accidents, Traffic ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism ; Axons/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Retrospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-30
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1055109-8
    ISSN 1437-1596 ; 0937-9827
    ISSN (online) 1437-1596
    ISSN 0937-9827
    DOI 10.1007/s00414-022-02807-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Parallel profiling of DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation highlights neuropathology-associated epigenetic variation in Alzheimer’s disease

    Adam R. Smith / Rebecca G. Smith / Ehsan Pishva / Eilis Hannon / Janou A. Y. Roubroeks / Joe Burrage / Claire Troakes / Safa Al-Sarraj / Carolyn Sloan / Jonathan Mill / Daniel L. van den Hove / Katie Lunnon

    Clinical Epigenetics, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 13

    Abstract: Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is ... hypothesized to involve epigenetic dysfunction. Previous studies of DNA modifications in Alzheimer’s ... hydroxymethylation has been shown to be enriched in the human brain, although its role in Alzheimer’s disease has not ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is hypothesized to involve epigenetic dysfunction. Previous studies of DNA modifications in Alzheimer’s disease have been unable to distinguish between DNA methylation and DNA hydroxymethylation. DNA hydroxymethylation has been shown to be enriched in the human brain, although its role in Alzheimer’s disease has not yet been fully explored. Here, we utilize oxidative bisulfite conversion, in conjunction with the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 450K microarray, to identify neuropathology-associated differential DNA methylation and DNA hydroxymethylation in the entorhinal cortex. Results We identified one experiment-wide significant differentially methylated position residing in the WNT5B gene. Next, we investigated pathology-associated regions consisting of multiple adjacent loci. We identified one significant differentially hydroxymethylated region consisting of four probes spanning 104 bases in the FBXL16 gene. We also identified two significant differentially methylated regions: one consisting of two probes in a 93 base-pair region in the ANK1 gene and the other consisting of six probes in a 99-base pair region in the ARID5B gene. We also highlighted three regions that show alterations in unmodified cytosine: two probes in a 39-base pair region of ALLC, two probes in a 69-base pair region in JAG2, and the same six probes in ARID5B that were differentially methylated. Finally, we replicated significant ANK1 disease-associated hypermethylation and hypohydroxymethylation patterns across eight CpG sites in an extended 118-base pair region in an independent cohort using oxidative-bisulfite pyrosequencing. Conclusions Our study represents the first epigenome-wide association study of both DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in Alzheimer’s disease entorhinal cortex. We demonstrate that previous estimates of DNA hypermethylation in ANK1 in Alzheimer’s disease were underestimates as it is confounded by hypohydroxymethylation.
    Keywords Alzheimer’s disease (AD) ; Brain ; Ankyrin 1 (ANK1) ; DNA methylation (5mC) ; DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC) ; Entorhinal cortex (EC) ; Medicine ; R ; Genetics ; QH426-470
    Subject code 612
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Genome-wide association study and trans-ethnic meta-analysis identify novel susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

    Elashi, Asma A / Toor, Salman M / Umlai, Umm-Kulthum Ismail / Al-Sarraj, Yasser A / Taheri, Shahrad / Suhre, Karsten / Abou-Samra, Abdul Badi / Albagha, Omar M E

    BMC medical genomics

    2024  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 115

    Abstract: Background: The genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is under-investigated in the Middle East, despite the rapidly growing disease prevalence. We aimed to define the genetic determinants of T2D in Qatar.: Methods: Using whole genome sequencing of ... ...

    Abstract Background: The genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is under-investigated in the Middle East, despite the rapidly growing disease prevalence. We aimed to define the genetic determinants of T2D in Qatar.
    Methods: Using whole genome sequencing of 11,436 participants (2765 T2D cases and 8671 controls) from the population-based Qatar Biobank (QBB), we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of T2D with and without body mass index (BMI) adjustment.
    Results: We replicated 93 known T2D-associated loci in a BMI-unadjusted model, while 96 known loci were replicated in a BMI-adjusted model. The effect sizes and allele frequencies of replicated SNPs in the Qatari population generally concurred with those from European populations. We identified a locus specific to our cohort located between the APOBEC3H and CBX7 genes in the BMI-unadjusted model. Also, we performed a transethnic meta-analysis of our cohort with a previous GWAS on T2D in multi-ancestry individuals (180,834 T2D cases and 1,159,055 controls). One locus in DYNC2H1 gene reached genome-wide significance in the meta-analysis. Assessing polygenic risk scores derived from European- and multi-ancestries in the Qatari population showed higher predictive performance of the multi-ancestry panel compared to the European panel.
    Conclusion: Our study provides new insights into the genetic architecture of T2D in a Middle Eastern population and identifies genes that may be explored further for their involvement in T2D pathogenesis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Qatar/epidemiology ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Genetic Loci ; Case-Control Studies ; Body Mass Index ; Ethnicity/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Meta-Analysis
    ZDB-ID 2411865-5
    ISSN 1755-8794 ; 1755-8794
    ISSN (online) 1755-8794
    ISSN 1755-8794
    DOI 10.1186/s12920-024-01855-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Enhanced Production, Cloning, and Expression of a Xylanase Gene from Endophytic Fungal Strain

    Ellatif, Sawsan Abd / Abdel Razik, Elsayed S / Al-Surhanee, Ameena A / Al-Sarraj, Faisal / Daigham, Ghadir E / Mahfouz, Amira Y

    Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 5

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Trichoderma
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2784229-0
    ISSN 2309-608X ; 2309-608X
    ISSN (online) 2309-608X
    ISSN 2309-608X
    DOI 10.3390/jof8050447
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Spinal cord injury as an indicator of abuse in forensic assessment of abusive head trauma (AHT).

    Colombari, Michela / Troakes, Claire / Turrina, Stefania / Tagliaro, Franco / De Leo, Domenico / Al-Sarraj, Safa

    International journal of legal medicine

    2021  Volume 135, Issue 4, Page(s) 1481–1498

    Abstract: ... with the statistically proven association between spinal subdural haemorrhage (SDH) and abuse (Choudhary et al ...

    Abstract Abusive head trauma (AHT) in children is notoriously one of the most challenging diagnoses for the forensic pathologist. The pathological "triad", a combination of intracranial subdural haematoma, cerebral oedema with hypoxic-ischaemic changes and retinal haemorrhages, is frequently argued to be insufficient to support a corroborated verdict of abuse. Data from all available English-language scientific literature involving radiological and neuropathological spinal cord examination is reviewed here in order to assess the contribution of spinal cord changes in differentiating abusive from accidental head trauma. In agreement with the statistically proven association between spinal subdural haemorrhage (SDH) and abuse (Choudhary et al. in Radiology 262:216-223, 2012), spinal blood collection proved to be the most indicative finding related to abusive aetiology. The incidence of spinal blood collection is as much as 44-48% when all the spinal cord levels are analysed as opposed to just 0-18% when the assessment is performed at cervical level only, in agreement with the evidence of the most frequent spinal SDH location at thoracolumbar rather than cervical level. In this review, the source of spinal cord blood collection and how the age of the child relates to the position of spinal cord lesions is also discussed. We concluded that the ante mortem MRI examination and post mortem examination of whole-length spinal cord is of fundamental interest for the assessment of abuse in the forensic setting.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Child ; Child Abuse/diagnosis ; Child, Preschool ; Craniocerebral Trauma/blood ; Craniocerebral Trauma/pathology ; Forensic Pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Spinal Cord Injuries/blood ; Spinal Cord Injuries/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1055109-8
    ISSN 1437-1596 ; 0937-9827
    ISSN (online) 1437-1596
    ISSN 0937-9827
    DOI 10.1007/s00414-021-02526-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Green Synthesis of Chitosan-Capped Gold Nanoparticles Using

    Al-Sarraj, Faisal / Alotibi, Ibrahim / Al-Zahrani, Majid / Albiheyri, Raed / Alghamdi, Mashail A / Nass, Nada M / Abd-Ellatif, Sawsan / Makhlof, Raafat T M / Alsaad, Mohammad A / Sajer, Bayan H / Elshafie, Hazem S

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 23

    Abstract: Increasing antimicrobial resistance to the action of existing antibiotics has prompted researchers to identify new natural molecules with antimicrobial potential. In this study, a green system was developed for biosynthesizing gold nanoparticles (BAuNPs) ...

    Abstract Increasing antimicrobial resistance to the action of existing antibiotics has prompted researchers to identify new natural molecules with antimicrobial potential. In this study, a green system was developed for biosynthesizing gold nanoparticles (BAuNPs) using sage (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Gold/chemistry ; Chitosan/chemistry ; Salvia officinalis ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry ; Fluorouracil ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Green Chemistry Technology/methods
    Chemical Substances Gold (7440-57-5) ; Chitosan (9012-76-4) ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Fluorouracil (U3P01618RT) ; Plant Extracts
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules28237762
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Cranial vault unicameral bone cyst.

    Eristavi, Archil / Sabin, Ian / Al-Sarraj, Safa / Aizpurua, Miren

    British journal of neurosurgery

    2019  Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 500–501

    Abstract: Introduction: ...

    Abstract Introduction:
    MeSH term(s) Bone Cysts/diagnostic imaging ; Bone Cysts/surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skull/diagnostic imaging ; Skull/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639029-8
    ISSN 1360-046X ; 0268-8697
    ISSN (online) 1360-046X
    ISSN 0268-8697
    DOI 10.1080/02688697.2018.1519113
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Case Report: Brainstem angiocentric glioma presenting in a toddler child-diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

    Reisz, Zita / Radics, Bence Laszlo / Nemes, Peter / Laxton, Ross / Kaizer, Laszlo / Gabor, Krisztina Mita / Novak, Timea / Barzo, Pal / Al-Sarraj, Safa / Bodi, Istvan

    Pathology oncology research : POR

    2023  Volume 29, Page(s) 1611231

    Abstract: Introduction: ...

    Abstract Introduction:
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Brain Neoplasms/therapy ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Glioma/pathology ; Astrocytoma/pathology ; Brain Stem/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 1375979-6
    ISSN 1532-2807 ; 1219-4956
    ISSN (online) 1532-2807
    ISSN 1219-4956
    DOI 10.3389/pore.2023.1611231
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Risk factors for HCC in contemporary cohorts of patients with cirrhosis.

    Kanwal, Fasiha / Khaderi, Saira / Singal, Amit G / Marrero, Jorge A / Loo, Nicole / Asrani, Sumeet K / Amos, Christopher I / Thrift, Aaron P / Gu, Xiangjun / Luster, Michelle / Al-Sarraj, Abeer / Ning, Jing / El-Serag, Hashem B

    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)

    2023  Volume 77, Issue 3, Page(s) 997–1005

    Abstract: Background and aims: Etiological risk factors for cirrhosis have changed in the last decade. It remains unclear to what extent these trends in cirrhosis risk factors have changed HCC risk.: Approach and results: We used data from two contemporary, ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: Etiological risk factors for cirrhosis have changed in the last decade. It remains unclear to what extent these trends in cirrhosis risk factors have changed HCC risk.
    Approach and results: We used data from two contemporary, prospective multiethnic cohorts of patients with cirrhosis: the Texas Hepatocellular Carcinoma Consortium Cohort and the Houston Veterans Administration Cirrhosis Surveillance Cohort. Patients with cirrhosis were enrolled from seven US centers and followed until HCC diagnosis, transplant, death, or June 30, 2021. We calculated the annual incidence rates for HCC and examined the effects of etiology, demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors on the risk of HCC. We included 2733 patients with cirrhosis (mean age 60.1 years, 31.3% women). At enrollment, 19.0% had active HCV, 23.3% had cured HCV, 16.1% had alcoholic liver disease, and 30.1% had NAFLD. During 7406 person-years of follow-up, 135 patients developed HCC at an annual incidence rate of 1.82% (95% CI, 1.51-2.13). The annual HCC incidence rate was 1.71% in patients with cured HCV, 1.32% in patients with alcoholic liver disease, and 1.24% in patients with NAFLD cirrhosis. Compared to patients with NAFLD, the risk of progression to HCC was 2-fold higher in patients with cured HCV (HR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.24-3.35). Current smoking (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.01-2.63) and overweight/obesity (HR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.08-2.95) were also associated with HCC risk.
    Conclusions: HCC incidence among patients with cirrhosis was lower than previously reported. HCC risk was variable across etiologies, with higher risk in patients with HCV cirrhosis and lower risk in those with NAFLD cirrhosis. Current smoking and overweight/obesity increased HCC risk across etiologies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/complications ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/epidemiology ; Liver Neoplasms/etiology ; Liver Neoplasms/complications ; Prospective Studies ; Overweight/complications ; Overweight/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Liver Cirrhosis/complications ; Liver Cirrhosis/epidemiology ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic/complications ; Obesity/complications ; Incidence ; Hepatitis C/complications
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 604603-4
    ISSN 1527-3350 ; 0270-9139
    ISSN (online) 1527-3350
    ISSN 0270-9139
    DOI 10.1002/hep.32434
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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