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  1. Article ; Online: Is schizophrenia research relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic?

    Cowan, Henry R

    Schizophrenia research

    2020  Volume 220, Page(s) 271–272

    Abstract: Schizophrenia researchers may ask themselves-or be asked by others-whether their research is relevant in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This letter argues that schizophrenia research is more relevant than ever during this public health crisis, ... ...

    Abstract Schizophrenia researchers may ask themselves-or be asked by others-whether their research is relevant in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This letter argues that schizophrenia research is more relevant than ever during this public health crisis, because of the likelihood that the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to increased incidence of psychotic disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Biomedical Research ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Psychotic Disorders/etiology ; Schizophrenia/etiology
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 639422-x
    ISSN 1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
    ISSN (online) 1573-2509
    ISSN 0920-9964
    DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2020.04.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 2351: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Can a Good Life Be Unsatisfying? Within-Person Dynamics of Life Satisfaction and Psychological Well-Being in Late Midlife.

    Cowan, Henry R

    Psychological science

    2019  Volume 30, Issue 5, Page(s) 697–710

    Abstract: Psychological investigations into the structure of well-being have been largely cross-sectional. However, longitudinal models are needed as Western societies work to improve individual well-being. The current multilevel-modeling study examined within- ... ...

    Abstract Psychological investigations into the structure of well-being have been largely cross-sectional. However, longitudinal models are needed as Western societies work to improve individual well-being. The current multilevel-modeling study examined within-person dynamics of well-being over 8 years. I asked two questions: (a) How do life satisfaction and psychological well-being (measures drawn from two well-being research traditions) relate over time? and (b) do these relationships vary on the basis of individuals' extraversion or neuroticism? Measures of life satisfaction and psychological well-being were collected in 8 consecutive years from 159 American adults in late midlife. A dispositional-life-satisfaction set point and yearly variation in life satisfaction both related to higher yearly psychological well-being. Neuroticism, but not extraversion, predicted a stronger within-person relationship between life satisfaction and psychological well-being. For participants with very low neuroticism, life satisfaction and psychological well-being varied independently. In sum, experiences of life satisfaction and psychological well-being converged for more neurotic individuals and diverged for more emotionally stable participants.
    MeSH term(s) Cross-Sectional Studies ; Ethnic Groups ; Extraversion, Psychological ; Female ; Humans ; Life Change Events ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Theoretical ; Multilevel Analysis/methods ; Neuroticism/physiology ; Personal Satisfaction ; Personality Inventory/statistics & numerical data ; Quality of Life/psychology ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2022256-7
    ISSN 1467-9280 ; 0956-7976
    ISSN (online) 1467-9280
    ISSN 0956-7976
    DOI 10.1177/0956797619831981
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  3. Article: Transdiagnostic Dimensions of Psychiatric Comorbidity in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Preliminary Study Informed by HiTOP.

    Cowan, Henry R / Mittal, Vijay A

    Frontiers in psychiatry

    2021  Volume 11, Page(s) 614710

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564218-2
    ISSN 1664-0640
    ISSN 1664-0640
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.614710
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  4. Article ; Online: Is schizophrenia research relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic?

    Cowan, Henry R.

    Schizophrenia Research

    2020  Volume 220, Page(s) 271–272

    Keywords Biological Psychiatry ; Psychiatry and Mental health ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 639422-x
    ISSN 1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
    ISSN (online) 1573-2509
    ISSN 0920-9964
    DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2020.04.002
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  5. Article: Is schizophrenia research relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic?

    Cowan, Henry R

    Schizophr Res

    Abstract: Schizophrenia researchers may ask themselves-or be asked by others-whether their research is relevant in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This letter argues that schizophrenia research is more relevant than ever during this public health crisis, ... ...

    Abstract Schizophrenia researchers may ask themselves-or be asked by others-whether their research is relevant in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This letter argues that schizophrenia research is more relevant than ever during this public health crisis, because of the likelihood that the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to increased incidence of psychotic disorders.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #31559
    Database COVID19

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  6. Article ; Online: Lower cohesion and altered first-person pronoun usage in the spoken life narratives of individuals with schizophrenia.

    Lundin, Nancy B / Cowan, Henry R / Singh, Divnoor K / Moe, Aubrey M

    Schizophrenia research

    2023  Volume 259, Page(s) 140–149

    Abstract: Usage of computational tools to quantify language disturbances among individuals with psychosis is increasing, improving measurement efficiency and access to fine-grained constructs. However, few studies apply automated linguistic analysis to life ... ...

    Abstract Usage of computational tools to quantify language disturbances among individuals with psychosis is increasing, improving measurement efficiency and access to fine-grained constructs. However, few studies apply automated linguistic analysis to life narratives in this population. Such research could facilitate the measurement of psychosis-relevant constructs such as sense of agency, capacity to organize one's personal history, narrative richness, and perceptions of the roles that others play in one's life. Furthermore, research is needed to understand how narrative linguistic features relate to cognitive and social functioning. In the present study, individuals with schizophrenia (n = 32) and individuals without a psychotic disorder (n = 15) produced personal life narratives within the Indiana Psychiatric Illness Interview. Narratives were analyzed using the Coh-Metrix computational tool. Linguistic variables analyzed were indices of connections within causal and goal-driven speech (deep cohesion), unique word usage (lexical diversity), and pronoun usage. Individuals with schizophrenia compared to control participants produced narratives that were lower in deep cohesion, contained more first-person singular pronouns, and contained fewer first-person plural pronouns. Narratives did not significantly differ between groups in lexical diversity, third-person pronoun usage, or total word count. Cognitive-linguistic relationships emerged in the full sample, including significant correlations between greater working memory capacity and greater deep cohesion and lexical diversity. In the schizophrenia group, social problem-solving abilities did not correlate with linguistic variables but were associated with cognition. Findings highlight the relevance of psychotherapies which aim to promote recovery among individuals with psychosis through the construction of coherent life narratives and increasing agency and social connectedness.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Schizophrenia/complications ; Psychotic Disorders/complications ; Psychotic Disorders/psychology ; Language ; Speech ; Cognition
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639422-x
    ISSN 1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
    ISSN (online) 1573-2509
    ISSN 0920-9964
    DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2023.04.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2351: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Interactions between the cortical midline structures and sensorimotor network track maladaptive self-beliefs in clinical high risk for psychosis.

    Cowan, Henry R / Damme, Katherine S F / Mittal, Vijay A

    Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 74

    Abstract: Individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) report a maladaptive self-concept-with more negative and less positive self-beliefs-linked to clinical symptoms and functional impairment. Alterations have also been reported in brain networks ... ...

    Abstract Individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) report a maladaptive self-concept-with more negative and less positive self-beliefs-linked to clinical symptoms and functional impairment. Alterations have also been reported in brain networks associated with intrinsic (cortical midline structures, CMS) and extrinsic (sensorimotor network, SMN) self-processing. Theoretical accounts of multiple levels of self-experience in schizophrenia suggest that interactions between these networks would be relevant for self-beliefs. This study tested whether self-beliefs related to resting-state functional connectivity within and between the CMS and SMN. Participants were 56 individuals meeting CHR criteria and 59 matched healthy community participants (HC). Pearson correlations examined potential mediators and outcomes. The CHR group reported more negative and less positive self-beliefs. Greater resting-state functional connectivity between the posterior CMS (posterior cingulate cortex) and the SMN was associated with less positive self-beliefs in CHR, but more positive self-beliefs in HC. Attenuated negative symptoms and poorer social functioning were associated with CMS-SMN connectivity (trend level after FDR-correction) and self-beliefs. Reduced connectivity between the left and right PCC was associated with lower positive self-beliefs in CHR, although this effect was specific to very low levels of positive self-beliefs. Left-right PCC connectivity did not correlate with outcomes. Dynamic interactions between intrinsic and extrinsic self-processing supported positive self-beliefs in typically developing youth while undermining positive self-beliefs in CHR youth. Implications are discussed for basic self-fragmentation, narrative self-related metacognition, and global belief updating. Interventions for self-processing may be beneficial in the CHR syndrome.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-16
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3133210-9
    ISSN 2754-6993 ; 2754-6993
    ISSN (online) 2754-6993
    ISSN 2754-6993
    DOI 10.1038/s41537-022-00279-z
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  8. Article ; Online: Three types of psychotic-like experiences in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis.

    Cowan, Henry R / Mittal, Vijay A

    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience

    2020  Volume 271, Issue 4, Page(s) 733–744

    Abstract: ... baseline PLEs trended toward predicting 12-month change in positive attenuated psychotic symptoms (r = .29 ...

    Abstract Background:  A fully dimensional model of psychosis implies that psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) connect the entire psychosis spectrum. Three types of self-reported PLEs-persecutory ideation, bizarre experiences, and perceptual abnormalities-are commonly found in the general population. This study assessed the construct, predictive, and incremental validity of self-reported PLEs in youth at clinical high risk for psychotic disorders (CHR).
    Methods:  Self-report data on PLEs (community assessment of psychic experiences; CAPE) were collected from 105 CHR youth (m
    Results:  Self-reported PLEs were best represented by the same three factors found in the general population: persecutory ideation, bizarre experiences, and perceptual abnormalities. Cross-sectionally, PLEs-particularly persecutory ideation-correlated with interview-rated attenuated psychotic symptoms and self-reported psychosis proneness, depression, and anxiety. Longitudinally, baseline PLEs trended toward predicting 12-month change in positive attenuated psychotic symptoms (r = .29, p
    Conclusions:  Three types of PLEs were valid in this CHR sample. Self-reported PLEs may be used not only to screen individuals for inclusion in the CHR classification, but also to characterize individuals within this population. Self-reported PLEs may help to forecast which CHR individuals will progress toward psychotic illness.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Anxiety ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis ; Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology ; Self Report ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-26
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1045583-8
    ISSN 1433-8491 ; 0175-758X ; 0940-1334
    ISSN (online) 1433-8491
    ISSN 0175-758X ; 0940-1334
    DOI 10.1007/s00406-020-01143-w
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  9. Article: Mapping Psychosis Risk States onto the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Using Hierarchical Symptom Dimensions.

    Cowan, Henry R / Williams, Trevor F / Schiffman, Jason / Ellman, Lauren M / Mittal, Vijay A

    Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 3–21

    Abstract: Clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) is a transdiagnostic risk state. However, it is unclear how risk states such as CHR fit within broad transdiagnostic models such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP). In this study, a hierarchical ...

    Abstract Clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) is a transdiagnostic risk state. However, it is unclear how risk states such as CHR fit within broad transdiagnostic models such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP). In this study, a hierarchical dimensional symptom structure was defined by unfolding factor analysis of self-report data from 3,460 young adults (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2682220-9
    ISSN 2167-7034 ; 2167-7026
    ISSN (online) 2167-7034
    ISSN 2167-7026
    DOI 10.1177/21677026221146178
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  10. Article: Identification of Psychosis Risk and Diagnosis of First-Episode Psychosis: Advice for Clinicians.

    Lundin, Nancy B / Blouin, Alexandra M / Cowan, Henry R / Moe, Aubrey M / Wastler, Heather M / Breitborde, Nicholas J K

    Psychology research and behavior management

    2024  Volume 17, Page(s) 1365–1383

    Abstract: Early detection of psychotic-spectrum disorders among adolescents and young adults is crucial, as the initial years after psychotic symptom onset encompass a critical period in which psychosocial and pharmacological interventions are most effective. ... ...

    Abstract Early detection of psychotic-spectrum disorders among adolescents and young adults is crucial, as the initial years after psychotic symptom onset encompass a critical period in which psychosocial and pharmacological interventions are most effective. Moreover, clinicians and researchers in recent decades have thoroughly characterized psychosis-risk syndromes, in which youth are experiencing early warning signs indicative of heightened risk for developing a psychotic disorder. These insights have created opportunities for intervention even earlier in the illness course, ideally culminating in the prevention or mitigation of psychosis onset. However, identification and diagnosis of early signs of psychosis can be complex, as clinical presentations are heterogeneous, and psychotic symptoms exist on a continuum. When a young person presents to a clinic, it may be unclear whether they are experiencing common, mild psychotic-like symptoms, early warning signs of psychosis, overt psychotic symptoms, or symptoms better accounted for by a non-psychotic disorder. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a framework for clinicians, including those who treat non-psychotic disorders and those in primary care settings, for guiding identification and diagnosis of early psychosis within the presenting clinic or via referral to a specialty clinic. We first provide descriptions and examples of first-episode psychosis (FEP) and psychosis-risk syndromes, as well as assessment tools used to diagnose these conditions. Next, we provide guidance as to the differential diagnosis of conditions which have phenotypic overlap with psychotic disorders, while considering the possibility of co-occurring symptoms in which case transdiagnostic treatments are encouraged. Finally, we conclude with an overview of early detection screening and outreach campaigns, which should be further optimized to reduce the duration of untreated psychosis among youth.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-21
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2495093-2
    ISSN 1179-1578
    ISSN 1179-1578
    DOI 10.2147/PRBM.S423865
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