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Article: Self-reported musculoskeletal pain, headache, jaw pain and swallowing dysfunction in a sample of young Saudi adults who stutter.

Almudhi, Abdulaziz / Zafar, Hamayun

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

2024 Volume 74, Issue 1, Page(s) 32–37

Abstract: Objectives: To report the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, headache, jaw pain and difficulty in swallowing among people who stutter (PWS).: Methods: The cross-sectioal study was conducted from October 3, 2021, to March 21, 2022, after approval ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To report the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, headache, jaw pain and difficulty in swallowing among people who stutter (PWS). Methods: The cross-sectioal study was conducted from October 3, 2021, to March 21, 2022, after approval from the ethics review committee of King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia, and comprised adult people who stutter belonging to different regions of Saudi Arabia. They were divided into five groups based on stuttering severity as estimated by Stuttering Severity Instrument-4. Data was collected on musculoskeletal pain in different body areas using a questionnaire.. Data ws analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 101 Arabic-speaking subjects, 63(62.4%) were males and 38(37.6%) were females. The overall mean age was 27±7 years (range: 18-39 years). The largest group was of subjects with moderate severity of stuttering 31(30.6%); 21(68%) males and 10(32%) females. The increase in number of musculoskeletal pain locations was related to the severity of stuttering (p<0.05). The most common musculoskeletal pain sites were the lower back 31(31%), neck 26(26%) and shoulder 26(26%). Frequent headaches and difficulty chewing hard food due to jaw pain were reported by 49(49%) and 22(22%) participants, respectively (p<0.05). Swallowing difficulty was reported by 9(9%) participants (p>0.05). Conclusions: Widespread chronic musculoskeletal pain of low intensity was found to be common among people who stuttered, and the number of pain locations was positively related to stuttering severity.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Young Adult ; Stuttering/epidemiology ; Self Report ; Musculoskeletal Pain ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology ; Deglutition ; Headache/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-13
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603873-6
ISSN	0030-9982
ISSN	0030-9982
DOI	10.47391/JPMA.7264
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Article: Is social distancing a boon or bane for persons who stutter during COVID-19 pandemic?

Almudhi, Abdulaziz

Saudi journal of biological sciences

2021 Volume 28, Issue 5, Page(s) 3110–3116

Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic is an ongoing crisis and is colloquially known as the corona virus pandemic. As no specific treatment protocol are available for this viral infection, social distancing is considered as one of the remedies to prevent the infection. ... ...

Abstract	The Covid-19 pandemic is an ongoing crisis and is colloquially known as the corona virus pandemic. As no specific treatment protocol are available for this viral infection, social distancing is considered as one of the remedies to prevent the infection. This study aimed to investigate the anxiety issues in persons who stutter (PWS). A total of 110 (55 PWS and 55 Neuro-typical Adults) were enrolled for the study. A questionnaire comprising of two parts on social anxiety and consequences of social distancing was administered on the participants. The results showed that PWS felt more socially anxious. PWS opined that they were comfortable during the corona virus lockdown period, as the situation demanded them to speak minimally to strangers. Neuro-typical adults, on the other hand, reported that they did not observe any change with respect to the social communication skills during lockdown.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-22
Publishing country	Saudi Arabia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2515206-3
ISSN	2213-7106 ; 1319-562X
ISSN (online)	2213-7106
ISSN	1319-562X
DOI	10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.055
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Do immigrants who stutter confront speech related anxiety in a foreign country?

Almudhi, Abdulaziz

Saudi journal of biological sciences

2021 Volume 28, Issue 8, Page(s) 4318–4323

Abstract: Purpose: The current study aimed at investigating the experience of immigrants who stutter in a foreign country.: Materials and methods: A questionnaire tapping details about the immigrants handling various communicative situations in a first and ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The current study aimed at investigating the experience of immigrants who stutter in a foreign country. Materials and methods: A questionnaire tapping details about the immigrants handling various communicative situations in a first and second language was configured and used in the current study. A total of 14 participants were enrolled in the study. Participants were sub-grouped based on the severity by using Stuttering Severity Instruments, 4th Edition (SSI-4). The composite scores on SSI-4 including the physical concomitants were used for sub grouping. Results: The findings revealed that the amount of difficulty experienced by immigrants was directly proportional to the degree of stuttering. Participants had difficulty in communicating with boss and colleagues regardless of the language used. They experienced less difficulty while speaking in malls and courier persons. Participants who knew the native language Arabic could handle the situations better than individuals who did not know Arabic. Conclusion: Stuttering would impede social participation and would increase anxiety. This speech-related anxiety is known to increase when these individuals immigrate to foreign countries.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-14
Publishing country	Saudi Arabia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2515206-3
ISSN	2213-7106 ; 1319-562X
ISSN (online)	2213-7106
ISSN	1319-562X
DOI	10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.014
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Evaluating adaptation effect in real versus virtual reality environments with people who stutter.

Almudhi, Abdulaziz

Expert review of medical devices

2021 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 75–81

Abstract: Introduction: The adaptation effect refers to the gradual reduction of dysfluencies with repeated exposure to a substance. The concept of adaptation was originally defined in light of the reading task. Yet, limited studies have also confirmed the ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The adaptation effect refers to the gradual reduction of dysfluencies with repeated exposure to a substance. The concept of adaptation was originally defined in light of the reading task. Yet, limited studies have also confirmed the adaptation effect in spontaneous-speech. The reduction in the dysfluencies can be attributed to the reduction in the anxiety, or getting habituated to the content of reading material or due to motor learning. Methods: This research aimed at measuring the adaptation effect in real and virtual reality (VR) environments for spontaneous-speech and reading. The objectives were divided into two categories. The first objective aimed at comparing the adaption effect for the real and VR environments on the reading task, while the second objective addressed the same objective, but for the spontaneous-speech task. The study involved 24 participants in the age range of 19-33 years. SSI-4 was administered on the participants. Conclusion: The reduction in dysfluencies was seen for both real and VR testing environments. The reduction in the dysfluency was more marked for reading-task compared to spontaneous-speech task. The results shed light on the relationship between adaptation effect and the test environment.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Stuttering ; Virtual Reality ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2250857-0
ISSN	1745-2422 ; 1743-4440
ISSN (online)	1745-2422
ISSN	1743-4440
DOI	10.1080/17434440.2021.1894124
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Is social distancing a boon or bane for persons who stutter during COVID-19 pandemic?

Abdulaziz Almudhi

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 28, Iss 5, Pp 3110-

2021 Volume 3116

Abstract	The Covid-19 pandemic is an ongoing crisis and is colloquially known as the corona virus pandemic. As no specific treatment protocol are available for this viral infection, social distancing is considered as one of the remedies to prevent the infection. This study aimed to investigate the anxiety issues in persons who stutter (PWS). A total of 110 (55 PWS and 55 Neuro-typical Adults) were enrolled for the study. A questionnaire comprising of two parts on social anxiety and consequences of social distancing was administered on the participants. The results showed that PWS felt more socially anxious. PWS opined that they were comfortable during the corona virus lockdown period, as the situation demanded them to speak minimally to strangers. Neuro-typical adults, on the other hand, reported that they did not observe any change with respect to the social communication skills during lockdown.
Keywords	Social anxiety ; Social distancing ; Stuttering severity ; Communicative confidence ; COVID-19 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	300
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Evolution in technology and changes in the perspective of stuttering therapy

Abdulaziz Almudhi

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 28, Iss 1, Pp 623-

A review study

2021 Volume 627

Abstract: Technology has been revolutionizing health care. The current article is split into three parts, the first portion discusses the usage of technological devices in stuttering treatment, the scan of technical devices may be used specifically in treatment or ...

Abstract	Technology has been revolutionizing health care. The current article is split into three parts, the first portion discusses the usage of technological devices in stuttering treatment, the scan of technical devices may be used specifically in treatment or can be used to offer guidance and thereby improve the pace of expression. They will even help to create physiological improvements. The second section of the article refers to telehealth as a means of providing services to people with stuttering. This approach has become a simple benevolence of technology and has managed to enter the unreached. Teletherapy can also be utilized for individuals who are robbed of treatment owing to isolation from financial restrictions. The third part of the analysis is regarding the apps. Apps may be used as an adjunct to speech language training or can be used during the repair process.
Keywords	Stuttering ; Technology ; Telepractice ; Apps ; Tele-rehabilitation ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Do immigrants who stutter confront speech related anxiety in a foreign country?

Abdulaziz Almudhi

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 28, Iss 8, Pp 4318-

2021 Volume 4323

Abstract: Purpose: The current study aimed at investigating the experience of immigrants who stutter in a foreign country. Materials and methods: A questionnaire tapping details about the immigrants handling various communicative situations in a first and second ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The current study aimed at investigating the experience of immigrants who stutter in a foreign country. Materials and methods: A questionnaire tapping details about the immigrants handling various communicative situations in a first and second language was configured and used in the current study. A total of 14 participants were enrolled in the study. Participants were sub-grouped based on the severity by using Stuttering Severity Instruments, 4th Edition (SSI-4). The composite scores on SSI-4 including the physical concomitants were used for sub grouping. Results: The findings revealed that the amount of difficulty experienced by immigrants was directly proportional to the degree of stuttering. Participants had difficulty in communicating with boss and colleagues regardless of the language used. They experienced less difficulty while speaking in malls and courier persons. Participants who knew the native language Arabic could handle the situations better than individuals who did not know Arabic. Conclusion: Stuttering would impede social participation and would increase anxiety. This speech-related anxiety is known to increase when these individuals immigrate to foreign countries.
Keywords	Emigrants ; Expatriate ; PWS ; Spoken-language ; Stuttering ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Evolution in technology and changes in the perspective of stuttering therapy: A review study.

Almudhi, Abdulaziz

Saudi journal of biological sciences

2020 Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 623–627

Abstract	Technology has been revolutionizing health care. The current article is split into three parts, the first portion discusses the usage of technological devices in stuttering treatment, the scan of technical devices may be used specifically in treatment or can be used to offer guidance and thereby improve the pace of expression. They will even help to create physiological improvements. The second section of the article refers to telehealth as a means of providing services to people with stuttering. This approach has become a simple benevolence of technology and has managed to enter the unreached. Teletherapy can also be utilized for individuals who are robbed of treatment owing to isolation from financial restrictions. The third part of the analysis is regarding the apps. Apps may be used as an adjunct to speech language training or can be used during the repair process.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-04
Publishing country	Saudi Arabia
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2515206-3
ISSN	2213-7106 ; 1319-562X
ISSN (online)	2213-7106
ISSN	1319-562X
DOI	10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.051
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Associations between glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, oxidative stress markers, and cognitive capacity in adolescents who stutter.

Almudhi, Abdulaziz / Gabr, Sami A

Saudi journal of biological sciences

2023 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 103580

Abstract: In this study, we amid to evaluate the correlation between the change in the expressed levels of anti-GAD antibodies titers, oxidative stress markers, cytokines markers, and cognitive capacity in adolescents with mild stuttering. Eighty participants (60 ... ...

Abstract	In this study, we amid to evaluate the correlation between the change in the expressed levels of anti-GAD antibodies titers, oxidative stress markers, cytokines markers, and cognitive capacity in adolescents with mild stuttering. Eighty participants (60 male/20 female) with the age range of 10-18 years with moderate stutteringparticipated in this study. To assess the stuttering and cognitive function, stutteringseverity instrument (SSI-4; 4th edit.)and the LOTCA-7 scores assessment were applied respectively in all subjects. In addition, serum GAD antibodies, cytokines like TNF-α, CRP,and IL-6 withtotal antioxidant capacity and nitric oxide as oxidative stress markers were estimated using calorimetry and immunoassay techniques.The results showed that good cognitive capacity was reported in about 56.25 % of the study population (n = 45) with a 117.52 ± 6.3 mean LOTCA-7 score. However, abnormal cognitive function was identified in 43.75 % of the study population (n = 35); they were categorized into moderate (score 62-92, n = 35), and poor (score 31-62; n = 10). There were significant associations between cognitive capacity reported and all biomarkers. The expression of GAD antibodies is significantly associated with the degree of cognitive capacity among students with stuttering. Significant association with the reduction (P = 0.01) in LOTCA-7 score domains, particularly orientation, thinking operations, attention, and concentration among students with variable cognitive capacity compared to controls. In addition, the expressed higher GAD antibodies in students with moderate and poor cognitive capacity showed to be significantly correlated with both elevated concentrations of cytokines; TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6, and the reduction of TAC and nitric oxide (NO) respectively. This study concludes that abnormality of cognitive capacity showed to be associated with higher expression of GAD antibodies, cytokines, and oxidative stress in school students with moderate stuttering.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	Saudi Arabia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2515206-3
ISSN	2213-7106 ; 1319-562X
ISSN (online)	2213-7106
ISSN	1319-562X
DOI	10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103580
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Self-reported musculoskeletal pain, headache, jaw pain and swallowing dysfunction in a sample of young Saudi adults who stutter

Abdulaziz Almudhi / Hamayun Zafar

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, Vol 74, Iss

2023 Volume 1

Abstract: Objective: To report the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, headache, jaw pain and difficulty in swallowing among people who stutter (PWS). Method: The cross-sectioal study was conducted from October 3, 2021, to March 21, 2022, after approval from the ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To report the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, headache, jaw pain and difficulty in swallowing among people who stutter (PWS). Method: The cross-sectioal study was conducted from October 3, 2021, to March 21, 2022, after approval from the ethics review committee of King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia, and comprised adult people who stutter belonging to different regions of Saudi Arabia. They were divided into five groups based on stuttering severity as estimated by Stuttering Severity Instrument-4. Data was collected on musculoskeletal pain in different body areas using a questionnaire. Data ws analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 101 Arabic-speaking subjects, 63(62.4%) were males and 38(37.6%) were females. The overall mean age was 27+/7 years (range: 18-39 years). The largest group was of subjects with moderate severity of stuttering 31(30.6%); 21(68%) males and 10(32%) females. The increase in number of musculoskeletal pain locations was related to the severity of stuttering (p<0.05). The most common musculoskeletal pain sites were the lower back 31(31%), neck 26(26%) and shoulder 26(26%). Frequent headaches and difficulty chewing hard food due to jaw pain were reported by 49(49%) and 22(22%) participants, respectively (p<0.05). Swallowing difficulty was reported by 9(9%) participants (p>0.05). Conclusions: Widespread chronic musculoskeletal pain of low intensity was found to be common among people who stuttered, and the number of pain locations was positively related to stuttering severity. Key Words: Stuttering, Musculoskeletal pain, Headache, Jaw, Deglutition.
Keywords	Stuttering ; Musculoskeletal pain ; Headache ; Jaw ; Deglutition ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pakistan Medical Association
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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