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Article ; Online: Long-term impact of tobacco exposure during pregnancy on children's psychomotor development.

Saliaj, Aurela / Zahaj, Majlinda / Vasilika, Prifti / Mechili, Enkeleint-Aggelos

Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society

2022 Volume 65, Issue 1, Page(s) e15388

Abstract: Background: Both active and second-hand smoking (SHS) can cause complications during pregnancy and after delivery. This study aimed to assess how tobacco exposure (active and passive) during the fetal period could impact the psychomotor development of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Both active and second-hand smoking (SHS) can cause complications during pregnancy and after delivery. This study aimed to assess how tobacco exposure (active and passive) during the fetal period could impact the psychomotor development of children when they attain the age of 3-6 years. Methods: The study included 160 mothers and their 3-6 year-old children. Two research groups were set up of children born to active or SHS mothers during the period when they were pregnant and a control group of children of non-smoking mothers. The parameters of the psychomotor development of the children were measured using the Age & Stage Questionnaires 3® (ASQ-3). Results: Children, whose mothers were smokers themselves or who were exposed to SHS during the period of pregnancy had an average psychomotor development score of 221 points versus 243.5 points in the control group. Twenty-six percent had delays (near or under the cut-off scores) in one of the assessed psychomotor areas and 60% had two or more psychomotor delays; 36% of children whose mothers were not exposed to smoking during pregnancy had normal psychomotor development and only 34% presented multiple psychomotor delays. Conclusions: Fetuses exposed to tobacco are more likely to achieve a psychomotor development in the 'monitor' and 'fail' areas compared to the non-exposed control group. The children exposed to smoking during their fetal development should be considered as a group at risk of developmental delays, therefore they should be closely monitored and supported by caregivers and developmental pediatricians.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Pregnancy ; Child ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Nicotiana ; Mothers ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Chemical Substances	Tobacco Smoke Pollution
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-17
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1470376-2
ISSN	1442-200X ; 1328-8067
ISSN (online)	1442-200X
ISSN	1328-8067
DOI	10.1111/ped.15388
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Article ; Online: Social responsibility during the COVID-19 pandemic: Tobacco industry's trojan horse in Europe.

Girvalaki, Charis / Mechili, Enkeleint A / Loghin, Cornel R / Filippidis, Filippos T

Tobacco prevention & cessation

2020 Volume 6, Page(s) 37

Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-15
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2459-3087
ISSN (online)	2459-3087
DOI	10.18332/tpc/123244
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Article ; Online: Participatory Action Research for Tackling Distress and Burnout in Young Medical Researchers: Normative Beliefs before and during the Greek Financial Crisis.

Sifaki-Pistolla, Dimitra / Mechili, Enkeleint A / Melidoniotis, Evangelos / Argyriadis, Alexandros / Patelarou, Evridiki / Chatzea, Vasiliki-Eirini

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 17

Abstract: 1) Background: We aimed to explore Young medical researchers (YMR) normative beliefs and perceived causes of distress and burnout, prior and during the financial crisis in Greece, and to assess their views on Participatory Action Research (PAR) ... ...

Abstract	(1) Background: We aimed to explore Young medical researchers (YMR) normative beliefs and perceived causes of distress and burnout, prior and during the financial crisis in Greece, and to assess their views on Participatory Action Research (PAR) interventions towards tackling these disorders. (2) Methods: A Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) methodology was performed in two time periods (prior crisis: December 2008; during crisis: February-March 2017). In both time periods, three different groups (Group 1: females, Group 2: males, Group 3: mixed) of 5-7 participants and two sessions (≈1 h/session) per group took place in each site. Overall, 204 sessions with 1036 YMR were include in the study. (3) Results: Several socio-demographic characteristics of YMR altered during the crisis (lower income, higher smoking/alcohol consumption, etc.). The majority of YMR conceived distress and burnout as serious syndromes requiring professional support. Feeling very susceptible and the necessity for establishing PAR interventions were frequently reported during the crisis. Numerous (a) barriers and (b) cues to action were mentioned: (a) lack of time, money and support from friends/family/colleagues (b) being extensively informed about the intervention, participation of their collaborators, and raising awareness events. (4) Conclusions: The changing pattern of Greek YMR's beliefs and needs during the crisis stresses the necessity of interventions to tackle distress and burnout. Effectiveness of these interventions could be enhanced by the suggested cues to action that emerged from this study.
MeSH term(s)	Burnout, Professional ; Female ; Greece ; Health Personnel ; Health Services Research ; Humans ; Male
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph191710467
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Article ; Online: Screening for Depression in Cardiovascular Patients in Albania: Findings from the Country Check-Up Program.

Mechili, Enkeleint A / Sifaki-Pistolla, Dimitra / Meliqi, Amada / Gallos, Parisis / Chatzea, Vasiliki-Eirini

Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings

2022 Volume 29, Issue 3, Page(s) 578–585

Abstract: This is a retrospective study conducted in Vlora from January 2016 to April 2017 and the aim was to report the prevalence of depression in cardiovascular (CVD) patients. Depression assessment was done using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 (PHQ-9) ...

Abstract	This is a retrospective study conducted in Vlora from January 2016 to April 2017 and the aim was to report the prevalence of depression in cardiovascular (CVD) patients. Depression assessment was done using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 (PHQ-9). Data were derived from the patient records and the standard recommended cut-off point of PHQ-9 ≥ 10 was used. In total, data of 300 patients were analyzed. Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) were observed at 6% of the participants. Trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or sleeping too much, feeling tired or having little energy and having little interest or pleasure in doing things were the most common symptoms reported. In multivariate analysis, only family status showed statistical significance. Unmarried (mean rank = 207.22) are more likely to have moderate or severe depression level (OR 3.529; C.I. 95% 1.017-12.238). Future research should focus on the needed actions after depression screening (i.e. referral, treatment etc.).
MeSH term(s)	Albania/epidemiology ; Depression/diagnosis ; Depression/epidemiology ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Patient Health Questionnaire ; Retrospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1235893-9
ISSN	1573-3572 ; 1068-9583
ISSN (online)	1573-3572
ISSN	1068-9583
DOI	10.1007/s10880-022-09904-6
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Article ; Online: Smokers' support for the ban on sale of slim cigarettes in six European countries: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys.

Mechili, Enkeleint A / Przewoźniak, Krzysztof / Driezen, Pete / Kyriakos, Christina N / Girvalaki, Charis / Mons, Ute / Quah, Anne Ck / Fernández, Esteve / Trofor, Antigona C / Demjén, Tibor / Katsaounou, Paraskevi A / Zatoński, Witold / Fong, Geoffrey T / Vardavas, Constantine I

Open research Europe

2023 Volume 1, Page(s) 52

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-19
Publishing country	Belgium
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2732-5121
ISSN (online)	2732-5121
DOI	10.12688/openreseurope.13405.4
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Article ; Online: An EU task force to assess the burden of rare diseases.

Kolkhir, Pavel / Grad, Diana Alecsandra / Charalampous, Periklis / Oliveira, Claudia Cruz / Mechili, Enkeleint A / Unim, Brigid / Pearce, David A / Maurer, Marcus / Devleesschauwer, Brecht / Haagsma, Juanita

Nature medicine

2023 Volume 29, Issue 3, Page(s) 516–517

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Rare Diseases/epidemiology ; Advisory Committees ; European Union
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1220066-9
ISSN	1546-170X ; 1078-8956
ISSN (online)	1546-170X
ISSN	1078-8956
DOI	10.1038/s41591-023-02207-9
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Zs.A 4212: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MG 39: Show issues

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Article: Severity and Mortality Predictors of COVID-19 Patients with Thrombotic Events-Evidence from the

Como, Najada / Mechili, Enkeleint A / Qato, Migena / Meta, Esmeralda / Strakosha, Arjana / Fico, Albana / Kenga, Albana / Patelarou, Athina E / Patelarou, Evridiki

Vaccines

2022 Volume 10, Issue 11

Abstract: COVID-19 vaccination leads to lower infection, morbidity, and mortality rates. However, COVID-19 infection leads to the development of coagulopathy-related manifestations in the form of both venous and arterial thromboembolism. This study aimed to assess ...

Abstract	COVID-19 vaccination leads to lower infection, morbidity, and mortality rates. However, COVID-19 infection leads to the development of coagulopathy-related manifestations in the form of both venous and arterial thromboembolism. This study aimed to assess the severity and mortality predictors of COVID-19 patients with thrombotic events in hospitalized patients in Albania. This is a retrospective study conducted in the “Mother Tereza” University Hospital of Tirana. Data were retrieved from the electronic databases of the hospital and only COVID-19 cases admitted to the infectious department during August−December 2020 were selected. Patients who, at admission, had a C-reactive protein (CRP) (mg/L) more than double and a D-dimer (ng/mL) more than triple according to international standards were included in the study. We performed univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis, calculating unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs). A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study population included 60 hospitalized persons with a mean age of 64.4 years. Increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (OR = 2.93; 95% CI = 0.82−10.42, p-value = 0.1) and increased creatine kinase (CK) (OR = 2.17; 95% CI = 0.63−7.46, p-value = 0.22) were related with increased probability of death. Moreover, a decreased number of lymphocytes was associated with increased mortality but with no statistical significance (OR = 0.40; 95% CI = 0.11−1.40, p-value = 0.15). The survival rate was higher for patients without comorbidities (p = 0.045). These results could serve as a baseline and as a reference for healthcare personnel who provides services to hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Further studies should take into consideration the vaccination of the population as well as including more hospitals and patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines10111851
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Article ; Online: Global Patterns and Prevalence of Dual and Poly-Tobacco Use: A Systematic Review.

Chen, Daniel Tzu-Hsuan / Girvalaki, Charis / Mechili, Enkeleint A / Millett, Christopher / Filippidis, Filippos T

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

2021 Volume 23, Issue 11, Page(s) 1816–1820

Abstract: Introduction: Improving understanding of the epidemiology of dual and poly-tobacco product use is essential for tobacco control policy and practice. The present study aimed to systematically review existing epidemiologic evidence on current dual and ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Improving understanding of the epidemiology of dual and poly-tobacco product use is essential for tobacco control policy and practice. The present study aimed to systematically review existing epidemiologic evidence on current dual and poly-tobacco use among adults globally. Methods: We systematically searched online databases for studies published up to June 30, 2020. We included quantitative studies with measures of nationally representative prevalence of current dual or poly-tobacco use among adults. Prevalence estimates for each country were extracted manually and stratified by WHO regions and World Bank income classifications. Results: Twenty studies with nationally representative prevalence data on current dual or poly-tobacco use in the adult population across 48 countries were included. Definitions of dual and poly-tobacco use varied widely. Prevalence of dual and poly-tobacco use was higher in low- and lower-middle-income countries compared to other higher-income countries. Current dual use of smoked and smokeless tobacco products among males ranged from 0.2% in Ukraine (2010) and Mexico (2009) to 17.9% in Nepal (2011). Poly-tobacco use among males ranged from 0.8% in Mexico (2009) and 0.9% in Argentina (2010) to 11.4% in the United Kingdom and 11.9% in Denmark in 2012. Dual tobacco use was generally higher in South-East Asia; poly-tobacco use was prevalent in Europe as well as in South-East Asia. Conclusions: This is the first systematic review of the prevalence estimates of dual and poly-tobacco use among adults globally. The results of the current study could significantly help health policy makers to implement effective tobacco control policies. Implications: This study demonstrates that dual/poly-tobacco use is common in many countries of the world, and highlights the need for in-depth exploration of this field in future studies, especially in high prevalence regions such as South-East Asian and European countries. In light of this, the global tobacco control community and health authorities should also agree upon a consistent operational definition of dual and poly-tobacco use to propel research and improve surveillance of dual/poly-use in health surveys for better communication and understanding of these phenomena.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Nicotiana ; Tobacco Use/epidemiology ; Tobacco Use Disorder ; Tobacco, Smokeless
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	1452315-2
ISSN	1469-994X ; 1462-2203
ISSN (online)	1469-994X
ISSN	1462-2203
DOI	10.1093/ntr/ntab084
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Zs.A 5789: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Subnational inequalities in years of life lost and associations with socioeconomic factors in pre-pandemic Europe, 2009-19: an ecological study.

Chen-Xu, José / Varga, Orsolya / Mahrouseh, Nour / Eikemo, Terje Andreas / Grad, Diana A / Wyper, Grant M A / Badache, Andreea / Balaj, Mirza / Charalampous, Periklis / Economou, Mary / Haagsma, Juanita A / Haneef, Romana / Mechili, Enkeleint A / Unim, Brigid / von der Lippe, Elena / Baravelli, Carl Michael

The Lancet. Public health

2024 Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) e166–e177

Abstract: Background: Health inequalities have been associated with shorter lifespans. We aimed to investigate subnational geographical inequalities in all-cause years of life lost (YLLs) and the association between YLLs and socioeconomic factors, such as ... ...

Abstract	Background: Health inequalities have been associated with shorter lifespans. We aimed to investigate subnational geographical inequalities in all-cause years of life lost (YLLs) and the association between YLLs and socioeconomic factors, such as household income, risk of poverty, and educational attainment, in countries within the European Economic Area (EEA) before the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In this ecological study, we extracted demographic and socioeconomic data from Eurostat for 1390 small regions and 285 basic regions for 32 countries in the EEA, which was complemented by a time-trend analysis of subnational regions within the EEA. Age-standardised YLL rates per 100 000 population were estimated from 2009 to 2019 based on methods from the Global Burden of Disease study. Geographical inequalities were assessed using the Gini coefficient and slope index of inequality. Socioeconomic inequalities were assessed by investigating the association between socioeconomic factors (educational attainment, household income, and risk of poverty) and YLLs in 2019 using negative binomial mixed models. Findings: Between Jan 1, 2009, and Dec 31, 2019, YLLs lowered in almost all subnational regions. The Gini coefficient of YLLs across all EEA regions was 14·2% (95% CI 13·6-14·8) for females and 17·0% (16·3 to 17·7) for males. Relative geographical inequalities in YLLs among women were highest in the UK (Gini coefficient 11·2% [95% CI 10·1-12·3]) and among men were highest in Belgium (10·8% [9·3-12·2]). The highest YLLs were observed in subnational regions with the lowest levels of educational attainment (incident rate ratio [IRR] 1·19 [1·13-1·26] for females; 1·22 [1·16-1·28] for males), household income (1·35 [95% CI 1·19-1·53]), and the highest poverty risk (1·25 [1·18-1·34]). Interpretation: Differences in YLLs remain within, and between, EEA countries and are associated with socioeconomic factors. This evidence can assist stakeholders in addressing health inequities to improve overall disease burden within the EEA. Funding: Research Council of Norway; Development, and Innovation Fund of Hungary; Norwegian Institute of Public Medicine; and COST Action 18218 European Burden of Disease Network.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Life Expectancy ; Pandemics ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Europe/epidemiology ; Poverty
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2468-2667
ISSN (online)	2468-2667
DOI	10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00004-5
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Article ; Online: Evidence-Based Conceptual Collection of Methods for Spatial Epidemiology and Analysis to Enhance Cancer Surveillance and Public Health.

Sifaki-Pistolla, Dimitra / Chatzea, Vasiliki Eirini / Frouzi, Elpiniki / Mechili, Enkeleint A / Pistolla, Georgia / Nikiforidis, George / Georgoulias, Vassilis / Lionis, Christos / Tzanakis, Nikos

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 19

Abstract: 1) Background: Although spatial statistics are often used by cancer epidemiologists, there is not yet an established collection of methods to serve their needs. We aimed to develop an evidence-based cancer-oriented conceptual collection of methods for ... ...

Abstract	(1) Background: Although spatial statistics are often used by cancer epidemiologists, there is not yet an established collection of methods to serve their needs. We aimed to develop an evidence-based cancer-oriented conceptual collection of methods for spatial analysis; (2) Methods: A triangulation of approaches was used; literature review, consensus meetings (expert panel), and testing the selected methods on "training" databases. The literature review was conducted in three databases. This approach guided the development of a collection of methods that was subsequently commented on by the expert panel and tested on "training data" of cancer cases obtained from the Cancer Registry of Crete based on three epidemiological scenarios: (a) low prevalence cancers, (b) high prevalence cancers, (c) cancer and risk factors; (3) Results: The final spatial epidemiology conceptual collection of methods covered: data preparation/testing randomness, data protection, mapping/visualizing, geographic correlation studies, clustering/surveillance, integration of cancer data with socio-economic, clinical and environmental factors. Some of the tests/techniques included in the conceptual collection of methods were: buffer and proximity analysis, exploratory spatial analysis and others. All suggested that statistical models were found to fit well (R2 = 0.72-0.96) in "training data"; Conclusions: The proposed conceptual collection of methods provides public health professionals with a useful methodological framework along with recommendations for assessing diverse research questions of global health.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Public Health ; Research Design ; Risk Factors ; Spatial Analysis
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph191912765
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