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Article: Pancreas and islet morphology in cystic fibrosis: clues to the etiology of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes.

Malik, Sarah S / Padmanabhan, Diksha / Hull-Meichle, Rebecca L

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1269139

Abstract: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multi-organ disease caused by loss-of-function mutations ... ...

Abstract	Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multi-organ disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Cystic Fibrosis/complications ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator/genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; Islets of Langerhans/metabolism ; Pancreas/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (126880-72-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2592084-4
ISSN	1664-2392
ISSN	1664-2392
DOI	10.3389/fendo.2023.1269139
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Article ; Online: 100 years of glucagon anniversary.

Cantley, James / Poitout, Vincent / Hull-Meichle, Rebecca L

The Journal of endocrinology

2023 Volume 258, Issue 3

Abstract: ... Cantley, Vincent Poitout and Rebecca Hull-Meichle, is intended to capture the field's current ...

Abstract	The year 2023 marks 100 years since publication of the first report of a hyperglycemic factor in pancreatic extracts which C P Kimball and John R Murlin named glucagon (from GLUCose AGONist). Glucagon has a range of profound effects on metabolism including, but not limited to, stimulation of hepatic glucose production. Dysregulation of glucagon secretion is a key feature of both major forms of diabetes, leading to the concept that diabetes is a bihormonal disorder. Still, the work to fully understand the production and biological effects of glucagon has proceeded at a slower pace compared to that of insulin. A recent resurgence of interest in the islet alpha (α) cell, the predominant site of glucagon production, has been facilitated in part by technological innovations. This work has led to significant developments in the field, from defining how alpha cells develop and how glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells is regulated to determining the role of glucagon in metabolic homeostasis and the progression of both major forms of diabetes. In addition, glucagon is considered to be a promising target for diabetes therapy, with many new potential applications arising from research in this field. This collection of reviews, led by Guest Editors James Cantley, Vincent Poitout and Rebecca Hull-Meichle, is intended to capture the field's current understanding of glucagon and alpha cell biology, as well stimulate additional interest and research on this important hormone.
MeSH term(s)	Glucagon/metabolism ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; Insulin/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glucagon-Secreting Cells
Chemical Substances	Glucagon (9007-92-5) ; Insulin ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3028-4
ISSN	1479-6805 ; 0022-0795
ISSN (online)	1479-6805
ISSN	0022-0795
DOI	10.1530/JOE-23-0138
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Article ; Online: Segmental Colectomy in Ulcerative Colitis.

Yilmaz, Sumeyye / Gunter, Rebecca L / Kanters, Arielle E / Rosen, David R / Lipman, Jeremy / Holubar, Stefan D / Hull, Tracy L / Steele, Scott R

Diseases of the colon and rectum

2024

Abstract: Background: Segmental colectomy in ulcerative colitis is performed in select patients who may be at increased risk for postoperative morbidity.: Objective: To identify ulcerative colitis patients who underwent segmental colectomy and assess their ... ...

Abstract	Background: Segmental colectomy in ulcerative colitis is performed in select patients who may be at increased risk for postoperative morbidity. Objective: To identify ulcerative colitis patients who underwent segmental colectomy and assess their postoperative and long-term outcomes. Design: Retrospective case series. Setting: A tertiary-care inflammatory bowel disease center. Patients: Ulcerative colitis patients who underwent surgery between 1995 and 2022. Intervention: Segmental colectomy. Main outcome measures: Postoperative complications, early and late colitis, metachronous cancer development, completion proctocolectomy-free survival rates and stoma at follow-up. Results: Fifty-five patients were included [20 (36.4%) female; 67.8 (57.4-77.1) years of age at surgery; body mass index 27.7 (24.2-31.1) kg/m2; median follow-up 37.3 months]. ASA score was III in 32 (58.2%) patients, 48 (87.3%) had at least one comorbidity, 48 (87.3%) had Mayo endoscopic subscore of 0-1. Patients underwent right hemicolectomy (28, 50.9%), sigmoidectomy (17, 30.9%), left hemicolectomy (6, 10.9%), low anterior resection (2, 3.6%), or a non-anatomic resection (2, 3.6%) for; endoscopically unresectable polyps (21, 38.2%), colorectal cancer (15, 27.3%), symptomatic diverticular disease (13, 23.6%), and stricture (6, 10.9%). Postoperative complications occurred in 16 (29.1%) patients [7 (12.7%) Clavien-Dindo Class III-V]. Early and late postoperative colitis rates were 9.1% and 14.5%, respectively. Metachronous cancer developed in 1 patient. 4 (7.3%) patients underwent subsequent completion proctocolectomy with ileostomy. Six (10.9%) patients had stoma at the follow-up. Two and 5-year completion proctocolectomy-free survival rates were 91% and 88%, respectively. Limitations: Retrospective study, small sample size. Conclusions: Segmental colectomy in ulcerative colitis is associated with low postoperative complication rates, symptomatic early colitis and late colitis rates, metachronous cancer development and the need for subsequent completion proctocolectomy. Therefore, it can be safe to consider select patients, such as the elderly with quiescent colitis and other indications for colectomy. See Video Abstract.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	212581-x
ISSN	1530-0358 ; 0012-3706
ISSN (online)	1530-0358
ISSN	0012-3706
DOI	10.1097/DCR.0000000000003311
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Article ; Online: Two-Stage Turnbull-Cutait Pull-Through Coloanal Anastomosis for Recurrent Rectovaginal Fistula.

Maspero, Marianna / Lavryk, Olga / Prien, Christopher / Bandi, Bethany J / Holubar, Stefan D / Gunter, Rebecca L / Steele, Scott R / Hull, Tracy L

Diseases of the colon and rectum

2023 Volume 67, Issue 4, Page(s) e244

MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Rectovaginal Fistula/etiology ; Rectovaginal Fistula/surgery ; Anastomosis, Surgical/adverse effects ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery ; Colon/surgery ; Anal Canal/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	212581-x
ISSN	1530-0358 ; 0012-3706
ISSN (online)	1530-0358
ISSN	0012-3706
DOI	10.1097/DCR.0000000000003128
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Article ; Online: A tale of two pancreases: exocrine pathology and endocrine dysfunction.

Rickels, Michael R / Norris, Andrew W / Hull, Rebecca L

Diabetologia

2020 Volume 63, Issue 10, Page(s) 2030–2039

Abstract: The islets of Langerhans are well embedded within the exocrine pancreas (the latter comprised of ducts and acini), but the nature of interactions between these pancreatic compartments and their role in determining normal islet function and survival are ... ...

Abstract	The islets of Langerhans are well embedded within the exocrine pancreas (the latter comprised of ducts and acini), but the nature of interactions between these pancreatic compartments and their role in determining normal islet function and survival are poorly understood. However, these interactions appear to be critical, as when pancreatic exocrine disease occurs, islet function and insulin secretion frequently decline to the point that diabetes ensues, termed pancreatogenic diabetes. The most common forms of pancreatogenic diabetes involve sustained exocrine disease leading to ductal obstruction, acinar inflammation, and fibro-fatty replacement of the exocrine pancreas that predates the development of dysfunction of the endocrine pancreas, as seen in chronic pancreatitis-associated diabetes and cystic fibrosis-related diabetes and, more rarely, MODY type 8. Intriguingly, a form of tumour-induced diabetes has been described that is associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Here, we review the similarities and differences among these forms of pancreatogenic diabetes, with the goal of highlighting the importance of exocrine/ductal homeostasis for the maintenance of pancreatic islet function and survival and to highlight the need for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these diverse conditions. Graphical abstract.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/complications ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology ; Cystic Fibrosis/complications ; Cystic Fibrosis/metabolism ; Cystic Fibrosis/pathology ; Diabetes Mellitus/etiology ; Diabetes Mellitus/metabolism ; Humans ; Islets of Langerhans/metabolism ; Islets of Langerhans/pathology ; Islets of Langerhans/physiopathology ; Pancreas, Exocrine/metabolism ; Pancreas, Exocrine/pathology ; Pancreas, Exocrine/physiopathology ; Pancreatic Diseases/complications ; Pancreatic Diseases/metabolism ; Pancreatic Diseases/pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/complications ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Pancreatitis, Chronic/complications ; Pancreatitis, Chronic/metabolism ; Pancreatitis, Chronic/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-07
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
ZDB-ID	1694-9
ISSN	1432-0428 ; 0012-186X
ISSN (online)	1432-0428
ISSN	0012-186X
DOI	10.1007/s00125-020-05210-8
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Article ; Online: Colosplenic fistula diagnosis and management: a case series and review of literature.

Hernandez Dominguez, Oscar / Lincango, Eddy P / Spivak, Rebecca / Almonacid-Cardenas, Federico / Prien, Christopher / Uchino, Tairin / Spivak, Anna / Hull, Tracy L / Steele, Scott R / Holubar, Stefan D

International journal of surgery (London, England)

2024 Volume 110, Issue 4, Page(s) 2381–2388

Abstract: Background: A colosplenic fistula (CsF) is an extremely rare complication. Its diagnosis and management remain poorly understood, owing to its infrequent incidence. Our objective was to systematically review the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, ... ...

Abstract	Background: A colosplenic fistula (CsF) is an extremely rare complication. Its diagnosis and management remain poorly understood, owing to its infrequent incidence. Our objective was to systematically review the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, and prognosis to help clinicians gain a better understanding of this unusual complication and provide aid if it is to be encountered. Methods: A systematic review of studies reporting CsF diagnosis in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Wiley Cochrane Library from 1946 to June 2022. Additionally, a retrospective review of four cases at our institution were included. Cases were evaluated for patient characteristics (age, sex, and comorbidities), CsF characteristics including causes, symptoms at presentation, diagnosis approach, management approach, pathology findings, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, 30-day mortality, and prognosis were collected. Results: Thirty patients with CsFs were analyzed, including four cases at our institution and 26 single-case reports. Most of the patients were male (70%), with a median age of 56 years. The most common etiologies were colonic lymphoma (30%) and colorectal carcinoma (17%). Computed tomography (CT) was commonly used for diagnosis (90%). Approximately 87% of patients underwent a surgical intervention, most commonly segmental resection (81%) of the affected colon and splenectomy (77%). Nineteen patients were initially managed surgically, and 12 patients were initially managed nonoperatively. However, 11 of the nonoperative patients ultimately required surgery due to unresolved symptoms. The rate of postoperative complications was (17%). Symptoms resolved with surgical intervention in 25 (83%) patients. Only one patient (3%) had had postoperative mortality. Conclusions: Our review of 30 cases worldwide is the largest in literature. CsFs are predominantly complications of neoplastic processes. CsF may be successfully and safely treated with splenectomy and resection of the affected colon, with a low rate of postoperative complications.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Splenic Diseases/surgery ; Splenic Diseases/diagnosis ; Splenic Diseases/therapy ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Intestinal Fistula/surgery ; Intestinal Fistula/diagnosis ; Splenectomy ; Adult ; Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Colonic Diseases/surgery ; Colonic Diseases/diagnosis ; Colonic Diseases/therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2212038-5
ISSN	1743-9159 ; 1743-9191
ISSN (online)	1743-9159
ISSN	1743-9191
DOI	10.1097/JS9.0000000000001128
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Article ; Online: The islet endothelial cell: a novel contributor to beta cell secretory dysfunction in diabetes.

Hogan, Meghan F / Hull, Rebecca L

Diabetologia

2017 Volume 60, Issue 6, Page(s) 952–959

Abstract: The pancreatic islet is highly vascularised, with an extensive capillary network. In addition to providing nutrients and oxygen to islet endocrine cells and transporting hormones to the peripheral circulation, islet capillaries (comprised primarily of ... ...

Abstract	The pancreatic islet is highly vascularised, with an extensive capillary network. In addition to providing nutrients and oxygen to islet endocrine cells and transporting hormones to the peripheral circulation, islet capillaries (comprised primarily of islet endothelial cells) are an important source of signals that enhance survival and function of the islet beta cell. In type 2 diabetes, and animal models thereof, evidence exists of morphological and functional abnormalities in these islet endothelial cells. In diabetes, islet capillaries are thickened, dilated and fragmented, and islet endothelial cells express markers of inflammation and activation. In vitro data suggest that this dysfunctional islet endothelial phenotype may contribute to impaired insulin release from the beta cell. This review examines potential candidate molecules that may mediate the positive effects of islet endothelial cells on beta cell survival and function under normal conditions. Further, it explores possible mechanisms underlying the development of islet endothelial dysfunction in diabetes and reviews therapeutic options for ameliorating this aspect of the islet lesion in type 2 diabetes. Finally, considerations regarding differences between human and rodent islet vasculature and the potentially unforeseen negative consequences of strategies to expand the islet vasculature, particularly under diabetic conditions, are discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/microbiology ; Feces/microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Humans ; Islets of Langerhans/metabolism ; Islets of Langerhans/physiopathology
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-04-10
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1694-9
ISSN	1432-0428 ; 0012-186X
ISSN (online)	1432-0428
ISSN	0012-186X
DOI	10.1007/s00125-017-4272-9
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Article ; Online: Acclimation Prior to an Intraperitoneal Insulin Tolerance Test to Mitigate Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia in Conscious Mice.

Hull, Rebecca L / Hackney, Daryl J / Giering, Elizabeth L / Zraika, Sakeneh

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE

2020 , Issue 159

Abstract: The insulin tolerance test is commonly used in metabolic studies to assess whole body insulin sensitivity in rodents. It is a relatively simple test that involves measurement of blood glucose levels over time following a single intraperitoneal injection ... ...

Abstract	The insulin tolerance test is commonly used in metabolic studies to assess whole body insulin sensitivity in rodents. It is a relatively simple test that involves measurement of blood glucose levels over time following a single intraperitoneal injection of insulin. Given that it is performed in the conscious state and blood is often collected via a tail snip, it has the potential to elicit a stress response from animals due to anxiety associated with handling and blood collection. As such, a stress-induced rise in blood glucose can occur, making it difficult to detect and interpret the primary endpoint measure, namely an insulin-mediated reduction in blood glucose. This has been seen in many mouse strains, and is quite common in diabetic db/db mice, where glucose levels can increase, rather than decrease, after insulin administration. Here, we describe a method of acclimating mice to handling, injections and blood sampling prior to performing the insulin tolerance test. We find that this lowers stress-induced hyperglycemia and results in data that more accurately reflects whole body insulin sensitivity.
MeSH term(s)	Acclimatization ; Animals ; Artifacts ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Hyperglycemia/blood ; Hyperglycemia/complications ; Hyperglycemia/metabolism ; Hyperglycemia/psychology ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Stress, Psychological/complications ; Stress, Psychological/physiopathology
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Video-Audio Media
ZDB-ID	2259946-0
ISSN	1940-087X ; 1940-087X
ISSN (online)	1940-087X
ISSN	1940-087X
DOI	10.3791/61179
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Article ; Online: Histochemical Insights into Pancreatic Islet Biology.

Hull, Rebecca L / Baskin, Denis G

The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society

2015 Volume 63, Issue 8, Page(s) 541–542

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Histocytochemistry ; Humans ; Islets of Langerhans/cytology ; Islets of Langerhans/metabolism
Language	English
Publishing date	2015
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218208-7
ISSN	1551-5044 ; 0022-1554
ISSN (online)	1551-5044
ISSN	0022-1554
DOI	10.1369/0022155415586442
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Article ; Online: Probing the Meaning of Persistent Propeptide Release in Type 1 Diabetes.

Kahn, Steven E / Templin, Andrew T / Hull, Rebecca L / Verchere, C Bruce

Diabetes care

2019 Volume 42, Issue 2, Page(s) 183–185

MeSH term(s)	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Humans ; Peptide Hormones ; Proinsulin ; Protein Precursors
Chemical Substances	Peptide Hormones ; Protein Precursors ; Proinsulin (9035-68-1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Comment
ZDB-ID	441231-x
ISSN	1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
ISSN (online)	1935-5548
ISSN	0149-5992
DOI	10.2337/dci18-0054
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