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Article ; Online: Incidental diagnosis of mpox virus infection in patients undergoing sexually transmitted infection screening-findings from a study in France.

Edouard, Sophie / Boschi, Céline / Colson, Philippe / Million, Matthieu / Fournier, Pierre-Edouard / La Scola, Bernard / Fenollar, Florence

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

2024 Volume 143, Page(s) 107009

Abstract: Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mpox virus (MPXV) infections in the general population consulting for routine sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in our Marseille public hospital. In fact, the recent worldwide MPXV ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mpox virus (MPXV) infections in the general population consulting for routine sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in our Marseille public hospital. In fact, the recent worldwide MPXV outbreak mainly impacted men who have sex with men and the prevalence of MPXV infections in the general population remains poorly defined. Methods: All samples addressed routinely to our microbiological laboratory for STIs between July 1 and October 15, 2022 were screened with MPXV-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: A total of 2688 samples from 1896 patients suspected of having STIs were tested and eight (0.4%) patients were incidentally diagnosed with MPXV infection, including six men and two women. MPXV was detected in rectal swabs (n = 2), urine (n = 2), vaginal swabs (n = 2), a urethral swab (n = 1), and a skin swab (n = 1). Conclusions: This study suggests that some MPXV infections are likely to be underdiagnosed because of their non-specific clinical presentation and/or insufficient clinical knowledge of the disease. Our data showed that systematic screening was particularly useful for detecting MPXV in patients without classic lesions or cases of asymptomatic carriage in patients reporting recent high-risk exposure and in patients presenting no obvious risk factor.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107009
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Article ; Online: Isolation of 4000 SARS-CoV-2 shows that contagiousness is associated with viral load, not vaccine or symptomatic status.

Boschi, Celine / Aherfi, Sarah / Houhamdi, Linda / Colson, Philippe / Raoult, Didier / Scola, Bernard La

Emerging microbes & infections

2021 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 2276–2278

Abstract: Culture inoculation of 6722 nasopharyngeal samples since February 2020 allowed isolation of 3637 SARS-CoV-2 and confirmed that isolation rate is correlated to viral load, regardless symptomatology or vaccination status. Moreover, the delta variant is ... ...

Abstract	Culture inoculation of 6722 nasopharyngeal samples since February 2020 allowed isolation of 3637 SARS-CoV-2 and confirmed that isolation rate is correlated to viral load, regardless symptomatology or vaccination status. Moreover, the delta variant is associated with higher viral loads and therefore higher rates of viral isolation, explaining its greater contagiousness.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/transmission ; COVID-19/virology ; COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage ; COVID-19 Vaccines/genetics ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharynx/virology ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Vaccination ; Viral Load
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2681359-2
ISSN	2222-1751 ; 2222-1751
ISSN (online)	2222-1751
ISSN	2222-1751
DOI	10.1080/22221751.2021.2008776
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Induces Hemagglutination: Implications for COVID-19 Morbidities and Therapeutics and for Vaccine Adverse Effects.

Boschi, Celine / Scheim, David E / Bancod, Audrey / Militello, Muriel / Bideau, Marion Le / Colson, Philippe / Fantini, Jacques / Scola, Bernard La

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 24

Abstract: Experimental findings for SARS-CoV-2 related to the glycan biochemistry of coronaviruses indicate that attachments from spike protein to glycoconjugates on the surfaces of red blood cells (RBCs), other blood cells and endothelial cells are key to the ... ...

Abstract	Experimental findings for SARS-CoV-2 related to the glycan biochemistry of coronaviruses indicate that attachments from spike protein to glycoconjugates on the surfaces of red blood cells (RBCs), other blood cells and endothelial cells are key to the infectivity and morbidity of COVID-19. To provide further insight into these glycan attachments and their potential clinical relevance, the classic hemagglutination (HA) assay was applied using spike protein from the Wuhan, Alpha, Delta and Omicron B.1.1.529 lineages of SARS-CoV-2 mixed with human RBCs. The electrostatic potential of the central region of spike protein from these four lineages was studied through molecular modeling simulations. Inhibition of spike protein-induced HA was tested using the macrocyclic lactone ivermectin (IVM), which is indicated to bind strongly to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein glycan sites. The results of these experiments were, first, that spike protein from these four lineages of SARS-CoV-2 induced HA. Omicron induced HA at a significantly lower threshold concentration of spike protein than the three prior lineages and was much more electropositive on its central spike protein region. IVM blocked HA when added to RBCs prior to spike protein and reversed HA when added afterward. These results validate and extend prior findings on the role of glycan bindings of viral spike protein in COVID-19. They furthermore suggest therapeutic options using competitive glycan-binding agents such as IVM and may help elucidate rare serious adverse effects (AEs) associated with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, which use spike protein as the generated antigen.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms232415480
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Article ; Online: Omicron variant escapes therapeutic mAbs contrary to eight prior main VOC

Boschi, Celine / Colson, Philippe / Bancod, Audrey / Moal, Valerie / La Scola, Bernard

bioRxiv

Abstract: Monocolonal antibodies (mAbs) are currently used for active immunization of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients. We herein show that in spite there are variations in susceptibility to available mAbs that are authorized for clinical use in France ... ...

Abstract	Monocolonal antibodies (mAbs) are currently used for active immunization of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients. We herein show that in spite there are variations in susceptibility to available mAbs that are authorized for clinical use in France tested on the original B.1.1 virus and 9 variants of concern or of interest, the cocktail casirivimab/imdevimab (REGN-CoV-2) showed a major synergistic effect. However, none of the four mAbs either alone or in combination neutralized the new Omicron variant. Our data strongly warrant a reinforcement of protective measures against infection for immunocompromised patients.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-03
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2022.01.03.474769
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Matrix-Encoding Gene Diversity of 624 Influenza A/H3N2 Genomes Does Not Show Association with Impaired Viral Detection by Commercialized qPCR Assays.

Le Targa, Lorlane / Hikmat, Houmadi / Boschi, Céline / La Scola, Bernard / Colson, Philippe

Viruses

2022 Volume 14, Issue 12

Abstract: As for the case of SARS-CoV-2, genome sequencing of influenza viruses is of potential interest to raise and address virological issues. Recently, false-negativity of real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qPCR) assays that detect influenza A/H3N2 virus RNA ...

Abstract	As for the case of SARS-CoV-2, genome sequencing of influenza viruses is of potential interest to raise and address virological issues. Recently, false-negativity of real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qPCR) assays that detect influenza A/H3N2 virus RNA were reported and associated with two mutations (A37T and C161T) in the Matrix-encoding (M1) gene located on viral segment 7. This triggered a national alert in France. The present study sought to assess the association between the presence of these mutations and potential false negative results of influenza A/H3N2 virus RNA detection by commercialized qPCR assays at the clinical virology laboratory of our university hospitals in southern France. This study focused on the genetic diversity in the M1 gene and segment 7 of 624 influenza A/H3N2 virus genomes obtained from respiratory samples having tested qPCR-positive with M1 gene-targeting assays in our clinical virology laboratory. A total of 585 among the 624 influenza A/H3N2 virus genomes (93.7%) were of clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2, and 39 (6.3%) were of clade 3C.2a1b.1a. M1 gene substitutions A37T and C161T were both present in 582 (93.3%) genomes, only of clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2. Substitution A37T was present in 621 (99.5%) genomes. Substitution C161T was present in 585 genomes (93.8%), all of clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2. Moreover, 21 other nucleotide positions were mutated in ≥90% of the genomes. The present study shows that A37T/C and C161T mutations, and other mutations in the M1 gene and segment 7, were widely present in influenza A/H3N2 virus genomes recovered from respiratory samples diagnosed qPCR-positive with commercialized assays.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/genetics ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Influenza A virus/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Phylogeny
Chemical Substances	Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v14122683
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Article ; Online: Omicron Variant Escapes Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) Including Recently Released Evusheld®, Contrary to 8 Prior Main Variant of Concern (VOC).

Boschi, Céline / Colson, Philippe / Bancod, Audrey / Moal, Valérie / La Scola, Bernard

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2022 Volume 75, Issue 1, Page(s) e534–e535

MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciac143
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Article: Protection from successive Omicron variants with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and monoclonal antibodies in kidney transplant recipients.

Moal, Valérie / Valade, Margaux / Boschi, Céline / Robert, Thomas / Orain, Nicolas / Bancod, Audrey / Edouard, Sophie / Colson, Philippe / La Scola, Bernard

Frontiers in microbiology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1147455

Abstract: Introduction: Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at high risk of severe COVID-19, even when they are fully vaccinated. Additional booster vaccinations or passive immunization with prophylactic monoclonal antibodies are recommended to increase their ...

Abstract	Introduction: Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at high risk of severe COVID-19, even when they are fully vaccinated. Additional booster vaccinations or passive immunization with prophylactic monoclonal antibodies are recommended to increase their protection against severe COVID-19. Methods: Here, we describe the neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Delta, Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 variants, firstly by 39 serum samples from vaccinated KTRs exhibiting anti-spike antibody concentrations ≥264 binding antibody units (BAU)/mL and, secondly, by tixagevimab/cilgavimab. Results: No neutralization was observed for 18% of the KTRs, while serum from only 46% of patients could neutralize the five variants. Cross-neutralization of the Delta and Omicron variants occurred for 65-87% of sera samples. The anti-spike antibody concentration correlated with neutralization activity for all the variants. The neutralization titers against the Delta variant were higher in vaccinated KTRs who had previously presented with COVID-19, compared to those KTRs who had only been vaccinated. Breakthrough infections occurred in 39% of the KTRs after the study. Tixagevimab/cilgavimab poorly neutralizes Omicron variants, particularly BA.5, and does not neutralize BQ.1, which is currently the most prevalent strain. Discussion: As a result, sera from seropositive vaccinated KTRs had poor neutralization of the successive Omicron variants. Several Omicron variants are able to escape tixagevimab/cilgavimab.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1147455
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Article ; Online: Temporal Shift of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Epidemic Peak for the Years 2020-2023 in Marseille, Southern France.

De Maria, Lucille Claire / Colson, Philippe / Morand, Aurélie / Vanel, Noémie / Stoupan, Didier / La Scola, Bernard / Boschi, Céline

Viruses

2023 Volume 15, Issue 8

Abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus is among the most common causes of respiratory infections. Typically, this viral infection has a seasonality during the cold months but with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic this has been considerably modified. Here, we studied the ... ...

Abstract	Respiratory syncytial virus is among the most common causes of respiratory infections. Typically, this viral infection has a seasonality during the cold months but with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic this has been considerably modified. Here, we studied the epidemiology of this virus in university hospitals of Marseille, South of France, over the period 2020 to 2023. We tested in our laboratory from July 2020 to October 2021 16,516 nasopharyngeal swabs from 16,468 patients for RSV infection using different qPCR assays. We then analyzed data from previous and subsequent winters (from 2018 to 2023) and previous summers (from 2015 to 2021). A total of 676 patients were RSV-positive; their mean age was 3 years and 91 were under 5 years of age. We observed a delay of 4 months of the RSV epidemic's onset compared to other years with an epidemic that peaked in March 2021. We had significantly more RSV-positive cases during summer 2021 compared to previous summers, whereas the incidence of RSV infections was not significantly higher during winter 2022 versus previous winters. Moreover, 494 patients were diagnosed as RSV-positive in the emergency unit and 181 were subsequently hospitalized, and 34 patients were diagnosed RSV-positive while already in the intensive care unit. Over all the study periods, 38 patients diagnosed as RSV-positive died, the majority of whom (23/28) were over 65 years of age. These data show an atypical evolution of the incidence of RSV infections in our city and is another example of the unpredictability of infectious disease epidemiology.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child, Preschool ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; France/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v15081671
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Article ; Online: Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Genotypes Show Different Replication Patterns in Human Pulmonary and Intestinal Epithelial Cells.

de Souza, Gabriel Augusto Pires / Le Bideau, Marion / Boschi, Celine / Ferreira, Lorène / Wurtz, Nathalie / Devaux, Christian / Colson, Philippe / La Scola, Bernard

Viruses

2021 Volume 14, Issue 1

Abstract: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) quickly spread worldwide following its emergence in Wuhan, China, and hit pandemic levels. Its tremendous incidence favoured the emergence of viral variants. The current genome diversity of ... ...

Abstract	Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) quickly spread worldwide following its emergence in Wuhan, China, and hit pandemic levels. Its tremendous incidence favoured the emergence of viral variants. The current genome diversity of SARS-CoV-2 has a clear impact on epidemiology and clinical practice, especially regarding transmission rates and the effectiveness of vaccines. In this study, we evaluated the replication of different SARS-CoV-2 isolates representing different virus genotypes which have been isolated throughout the pandemic. We used three distinct cell lines, including Vero E6 cells originating from monkeys; Caco-2 cells, an intestinal epithelium cell line originating from humans; and Calu-3 cells, a pulmonary epithelium cell line also originating from humans. We used RT-qPCR to replicate different SARS-CoV-2 genotypes by quantifying the virus released in the culture supernatant of infected cells. We found that the different viral isolates replicate similarly in Caco-2 cells, but show very different replicative capacities in Calu-3 cells. This was especially highlighted for the lineages B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and P.1, which are considered to be variants of concern. These results underscore the importance of the evaluation and characterisation of each SARS-CoV-2 isolate in order to establish the replication patterns before performing tests, and of the consideration of the ideal SARS-CoV-2 genotype-cell type pair for each assay.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Caco-2 Cells ; Cell Line ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Epithelial Cells/virology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Intestines/cytology ; Lung/cytology ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; SARS-CoV-2/classification ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Vero Cells ; Viral Tropism/physiology ; Virus Replication/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v14010023
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Article: Limited permissibility of ENL-R and Mv-1-Lu mink cell lines to SARS-CoV-2.

Le Bideau, Marion / Pires de Souza, Gabriel Augusto / Boschi, Celine / Baudoin, Jean-Pierre / Penant, Gwilherm / Jardot, Priscilla / Fenollar, Florence / Colson, Philippe / Lenk, Matthias / La Scola, Bernard

Frontiers in microbiology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 1003824

Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic started in the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China, which highlighted the scenario of frequent cross-species transmission events. From the outbreak possibly initiated by viral spill-over into humans from an animal reservoir, now we face ... ...

Abstract	The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic started in the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China, which highlighted the scenario of frequent cross-species transmission events. From the outbreak possibly initiated by viral spill-over into humans from an animal reservoir, now we face the human host moving globally while interacting with domesticated and peridomestic animals. The emergence of a new virus into the ecosystem leads to selecting forces and species-specific adaptations. The adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 to other animals represents a risk to controlling the dissemination of this coronavirus and the emergence of new variants. Since 2020, several mink farms in Europe and the United States have had SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks with human-mink and mink-human transmission, where the mink-selected variants possibly hold evolutionary concerning advantages. Here we investigated the permissibility of mink lung-derived cells using two cell lines, Mv-1-Lu and ENL-R, against several lineages of SARS-CoV-2, including some classified as variants of concern. The viral release rate and the infectious titers indicate that these cells support infections by different SARS-CoV-2 lineages. The viral production occurs in the first few days after infection with the low viral release by these mink cells, which is often absent for the omicron variant for lung cells. The electron microscopy reveals that during the viral replication cycle, the endomembrane system of the mink-host cell undergoes typical changes while the viral particles are produced, especially in the first days of infection. Therefore, even if limited, mink lung cells may represent a selecting source for SARS-CoV-2 variants, impacting their transmissibility and pathogenicity and making it difficult to control this new coronavirus.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2022.1003824
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