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Article ; Online: Rethinking risk communication in the hospital: infection prevention, risk perceptions, and lived experience.

Capurro, Gabriela / Thampi, Nisha

Journal of communication in healthcare

2022 Volume 15, Issue 4, Page(s) 300–308

Abstract: Background: We conceptualize infection prevention and control (IPAC) as a form of risk communication in the hospital and examine how doctors and nurses interpret and adopt IPAC measures in the wards.: Methods: We conducted a 20-week ethnography in a ... ...

Abstract	Background: We conceptualize infection prevention and control (IPAC) as a form of risk communication in the hospital and examine how doctors and nurses interpret and adopt IPAC measures in the wards. Methods: We conducted a 20-week ethnography in a Canadian hospital in which we observed doctors' and nurses' routines, infection prevention practices, and barriers they encountered when following IPAC guidelines. After the observation period, we conducted interviews with doctors and nurses to gauge their perceptions of risk and how they make IPAC decisions while working in the wards. Results: Doctors and nurses perceive the hospital as a site of risk, and expressed this anxiety in disinfection routines and cleansing rituals. This risk prevention behaviour is mediated by situational and lived experience, and not expressed consistently. Doctors and nurses negotiate IPAC protocols with individual perceptions of risk, material limitations, and more pressing needs. Conclusion: IPAC behaviour could be reinforced by improving risk communication in the hospital, first, by involving workers as stakeholders in managing the risk of infection, and second, by acknowledging various forms of risk knowledge, including embodied and situated experience, as well as material constraints. We recommend developing participatory models of risk communication that engage stakeholders in long-term dialogue, considering their risk perceptions, risk tolerance, and challenges to comply with guidelines; communicating IPAC measures as a way to protect patients and emphasizing personal risk for hospital workers; and conducting regular in-person training sessions to ensure that any concerns can be voiced.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Canada ; Physicians ; Hospitals ; Infection Control ; Communication
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1753-8076
ISSN (online)	1753-8076
DOI	10.1080/17538068.2022.2038524
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Article ; Online: Uncertainties in future monsoon flow predictions in the context of projected climate change: A study of the Chaliyar River Basin.

Ansa Thasneem, S / Thampi, Santosh G / Chithra, N R

Environmental research

2023 Volume 222, Page(s) 115301

Abstract: A major part of the annual rainfall in most parts of India is received during the monsoon. The Chaliyar River Basin in the state of Kerala is no exception with more than 85% of the annual rainfall occurring during the monsoon season. Evidences pointing ... ...

Abstract	A major part of the annual rainfall in most parts of India is received during the monsoon. The Chaliyar River Basin in the state of Kerala is no exception with more than 85% of the annual rainfall occurring during the monsoon season. Evidences pointing towards the influence of anthropogenic activities on climate change have been reported from all over the world in recent years. One of the major problems encountered in the projection of future climate is the accumulation of uncertainties arising from different sources. This, in turn, would result in uncertainties in the predicted future streamflows. In this work, uncertainties in the monsoon flow predictions for a future period (2070-2099), stemming from the use of different climate models, hydrological models, and representative concentration pathways are analyzed. Uncertainty due to each of these sources and their interactions are partitioned by performing three-way analysis of variance. Results of the study indicate that the major source of uncertainty in the monsoon flow predictions is uncertainty from the climate models, which is about 83.73% of the total uncertainty in future monsoon flow predictions. Hydrological models account for about 5.38% and RCPs account for about 4.3% of the total uncertainty. About 6.57% is attributed to interactions between these three factors. Evaluation of the uncertainties in future monsoon flow predictions would facilitate informed decision making while formulating strategies for water management in the future.
MeSH term(s)	Climate Change ; Rivers ; Uncertainty ; Seasons ; Forecasting
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-21
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	205699-9
ISSN	1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
ISSN (online)	1096-0953
ISSN	0013-9351
DOI	10.1016/j.envres.2023.115301
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Article ; Online: Negative-pressure rooms and

Schaffzin, Joshua K / Thampi, Nisha / Fullerton, Jessica

Infection control and hospital epidemiology

2023 Volume 44, Issue 12, Page(s) 2096–2097

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Patient Isolators ; Aspergillus ; Cross Infection/prevention & control ; Air Microbiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639378-0
ISSN	1559-6834 ; 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
ISSN (online)	1559-6834
ISSN	0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
DOI	10.1017/ice.2023.206
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Article ; Online: Viral Respiratory Infections in Hospitalized Children With Symptomatic Caregivers.

Paquette, Maude / Shephard, Allyson / Bedard, Pat / Thampi, Nisha

Hospital pediatrics

2022 Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) e124–e128

Abstract: ... <24 months (n = 32, 72.7%) and with comorbidities (n = 42, 95.5%). For 9 HAVRIs (20.5%), contact ... with a sick caregiver (n = 8, 18.2%) or visitor (n = 2, 4.5%) in the 7 days before diagnosis was documented ...

Abstract	Objectives: The burden of healthcare-associated viral respiratory infections (HAVRIs) among children is significant. While healthcare workers are often the focus for infection prevention strategies, little is known about the impact of sick caregivers and hospital visitors on the incidence of pediatric HAVRIs. The objective of this descriptive study was to determine the proportion of pediatric HAVRIs following contact with a sick caregiver or visitor. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of all HAVRIs that occurred between December 2017 and July 2019 in a pediatric tertiary care center. A HAVRI was defined as a laboratory-confirmed respiratory viral illness occurring more than 72 hours after admission. Results: Forty-four HAVRIs occurred in 37 patients during the study, predominantly among patients aged <24 months (n = 32, 72.7%) and with comorbidities (n = 42, 95.5%). For 9 HAVRIs (20.5%), contact with a sick caregiver (n = 8, 18.2%) or visitor (n = 2, 4.5%) in the 7 days before diagnosis was documented. In the 72 hours before HAVRI onset, 18 of the 44 patients (40.9%) were in a single-bed room and 6 of them (33.3%) were under additional precautions. Twelve patients (27.3%) had new or increased oxygen requirements and 4 (9.1%) were transferred to the ICU. There were no associated deaths. Conclusions: Contact with a sick caregiver or visitor is a potential risk factor for acquiring a HAVRI. Our study reinforces the importance of engaging family caregivers in infection prevention and control strategies in pediatric care settings.
MeSH term(s)	Caregivers ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Pneumonia ; Retrospective Studies ; Virus Diseases/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2154-1671
ISSN (online)	2154-1671
DOI	10.1542/hpeds.2021-006108
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Article ; Online: Perspective: the potential of wastewater-based surveillance as an economically feasible game changer in reducing the global burden of pediatric respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Thampi, Nisha / Mercier, Elisabeth / Paes, Bosco / Edwards, James O / Rodgers-Gray, Barry / Delatolla, Robert

Frontiers in public health

2024 Volume 11, Page(s) 1316531

Abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading viral cause of childhood bronchiolitis and pneumonia causing over 3 million hospitalizations and 100,000 deaths in children under 5 years of age annually. Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has proven an ... ...

Abstract	Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading viral cause of childhood bronchiolitis and pneumonia causing over 3 million hospitalizations and 100,000 deaths in children under 5 years of age annually. Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has proven an effective early warning system for high-consequence pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, polio, mpox, and influenza, but has yet to be fully leveraged for RSV surveillance. A model predicated on the Canadian province of Ontario demonstrates that implementation of a WBS system can potentially result in significant cost savings and clinical benefits when guiding an RSV preventive program with a long-acting monoclonal antibody. A network of integrated WBS initiatives offers the opportunity to help minimize the devastating global burden of RSV in children by optimizing the timing of preventive measures and we strongly advocate that its benefits continue to be explored.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/prevention & control ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology ; Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Ontario/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Monoclonal
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2023.1316531
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Article ; Online: School-Based Mandatory Masking Policies and Absenteeism in Ottawa, Canada, in 2022.

Thampi, Nisha / Schwartz, Kevin L / Science, Michelle / Brown, Kevin A

JAMA network open

2023 Volume 6, Issue 7, Page(s) e2325799

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Absenteeism ; Canada ; Students ; Policy ; Schools
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2574-3805
ISSN (online)	2574-3805
DOI	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.25799
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Article ; Online: Effects of school-level and area-level socio-economic factors on elementary school student COVID-19 infections: a population-based observational study.

Srivastava, Prachi / Lau, Nathan T T / Ansari, Daniel / Thampi, Nisha

BMJ open

2023 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) e065596

Abstract: Objectives: To estimate the variability of the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections among elementary school students attributable to individual schools and/or their geographic areas, and to ascertain whether socio-economic characteristics of ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To estimate the variability of the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections among elementary school students attributable to individual schools and/or their geographic areas, and to ascertain whether socio-economic characteristics of school populations and/or geographic areas may be predictive of this variability. Design: Population-based observational study of SARS-CoV-2 infections among elementary school children. Setting: 3994 publicly funded elementary schools in 491 forward sortation areas (designated geographic unit based on first three characters of Canadian postal code), Ontario, Canada, September 2020 to April 2021. Participants: All students attending publicly funded elementary schools with a positive molecular test for SARS-CoV-2 reported by the Ontario Ministry of Education. Main outcome measures: Cumulative incidence of laboratory-confirmed elementary school student SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ontario, 2020-21 school year. Results: A multilevel modelling approach was used to estimate the effects of socio-economic factors at the school and area levels on the cumulative incidence of elementary school student SARS-CoV-2 infections. At the school level (level 1), the proportion of the student body from low-income households was positively associated with cumulative incidence (β=0.083, p<0.001). At the area level (level 2), all dimensions of marginalisation were significantly related to cumulative incidence. Ethnic concentration (β=0.454, p<0.001), residential instability (β=0.356, p<0.001) and material deprivation (β=0.212, p<0.001) were positively related, while dependency (β=-0.204, p<0.001) was negatively related. Area-related marginalisation variables explained 57.6% of area variability in cumulative incidence. School-related variables explained 1.2% of school variability in cumulative incidence. Conclusions: The socio-economic characteristics of the geographic area of schools were more important in accounting for the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 elementary school student infections than individual school characteristics. Schools in marginalised areas should be prioritised for infection prevention measures and education continuity and recovery plans.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Students ; Economic Factors ; Ontario/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065596
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Article: Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of some novel substituted 2-imidazolyl-N-(4-oxo-quinazolin-3(4H)-yl)-acetamides.

Raghavendra, Nulgulmnalli Manjunathiah / Thampi, Parameshwaran / Gurubasavarajaswamy, Purvarga Mattada / Sriram, Dharmarajan

Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin

2007 Volume 55, Issue 11, Page(s) 1615–1619

Abstract: Several substituted-quinazolin-3(4H)-ones 8-11ad were synthesized by condensation of 2-chloro-N-(4 ...

Abstract	Several substituted-quinazolin-3(4H)-ones 8-11ad were synthesized by condensation of 2-chloro-N-(4-oxo-substituted-quinazolin-3(4H)-yl)-acetamides with various substituted imidazoles through one pot reaction. Elemental analysis, IR, (1)H-NMR and mass spectral data confirmed the structure of the newly synthesized compounds. Synthesized quinazolin-4-one derivatives were investigated for their antitubercular, antibacterial and antifungal activities. Some of the tested compounds showed good antitubercular activity. None of the synthesized compounds showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activity.
MeSH term(s)	Acetamides/chemical synthesis ; Acetamides/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemical synthesis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents/chemical synthesis ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Bacteria/drug effects ; Bacteria/growth & development ; Fungi/drug effects ; Fungi/growth & development ; Imidazoles/chemistry ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Models, Chemical ; Quinazolines/chemical synthesis ; Quinazolines/pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship
Chemical Substances	Acetamides ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antifungal Agents ; Imidazoles ; Quinazolines
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-09-18
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	213307-6
ISSN	1347-5223 ; 0009-2363
ISSN (online)	1347-5223
ISSN	0009-2363
DOI	10.1248/cpb.55.1615
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Article ; Online: Development of a framework for sand auditing of the Chaliyar River basin, Kerala, India using HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS model coupling

Sathya, Abhijith / Thampi, Santosh G. / Chithra, N. R.

International Journal of River Basin Management. 2023 Jan. 02, v. 21, no. 1 p.67-80

2023

Abstract: Excessive sand mining to meet the growing demands of the construction industry has resulted in the degradation of rivers, lowering of groundwater table, saltwater intrusion into coastal aquifers, and damages to the biodiversity of the riverine ecosystem, ...

Abstract	Excessive sand mining to meet the growing demands of the construction industry has resulted in the degradation of rivers, lowering of groundwater table, saltwater intrusion into coastal aquifers, and damages to the biodiversity of the riverine ecosystem, besides endangering bridges and hydraulic structures at several locations. Methods presently being employed to assess the amount of sand that can be mined from rivers lack a scientific basis and are seldom supported by systematic studies on the behaviour of riverine systems. Sand audit reports shall be prepared based on hydrologic, hydraulic, and sediment transport modelling of rivers, and shall take into account relevant environmental and ecological considerations. These reports shall clearly present details pertaining to the annual sediment yield of the river basin, reaches of the river/ locations from which sand can be extracted without disturbing the river sediment equilibrium, and the volume of sediment that can be extracted from these locations. Sand mining from rivers is a major environmental issue in Kerala and the urgent need for regulating sand extraction based on a scientific assessment of the amount of sand available is widely recognized. It is in this context that this work aimed at developing a framework to perform sand auditing was taken up. The methodology is demonstrated by applying it to the Chaliyar River in Kerala. Rainfall-runoff and soil erosion modelling, and sediment routing were performed in HEC-HMS. Soil erosion from the catchment was modelled using the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE) and the sediment was routed through the river by the uniform equilibrium method. Hydraulic and sediment transport modelling was then performed in HEC-RAS. Values of the model performance criteria for both HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS indicate that these models performed reasonably well. Based on the analysis, a sand audit report and sand volume map were prepared.
Keywords	Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation ; administrative management ; biodiversity ; construction industry ; ecosystems ; model validation ; riparian areas ; rivers ; runoff ; saltwater intrusion ; sand ; sediment transport ; sediment yield ; soil erosion ; water table ; watersheds ; India ; Sand mining ; sand audit report ; sediment modelling ; HEC-RAS ; HEC-HMS ; Chaliyar River
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0102
Size	p. 67-80.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2568945-9
ISSN	1814-2060 ; 1571-5124
ISSN (online)	1814-2060
ISSN	1571-5124
DOI	10.1080/15715124.2021.1909604
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for COVID-19-associated severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in Canada: Analysis of data from the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program.

Qaddoura, Amro / Bartoszko, Jessica / Mitchell, Robyn / Frenette, Charles / Johnston, Lynn / Mertz, Dominik / Pelude, Linda / Thampi, Nisha / Smith, Stephanie W

Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada

2024 Volume 8, Issue 4, Page(s) 272–282

Abstract: Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for COVID-19 across Canada has not been well-described. We studied trends for patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome who received ECMO.: Methods: Multicentre ... ...

Abstract	Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for COVID-19 across Canada has not been well-described. We studied trends for patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome who received ECMO. Methods: Multicentre retrospective cohort study using data from the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program across four different waves. Surveillance data was collected between March 2020 and June 2022. We reported data stratified by ECMO status and wave. Results: ECMO recipients comprised 299 (6.8%) of the 4,408 critically ill patients included. ECMO recipients were younger (median age 49 versus 62 years, Conclusions: Our findings suggest that critically ill patients in Canadian hospitals who received ECMO had different characteristics from those who did not receive ECMO. We also observed a trend of decreased mortality over the waves for the ECMO group. Possible explanatory factors may include potential delay in ECMO initiation during Wave 1, evolution of the virus, better understanding of COVID-19 disease and ECMO use, and new medical treatments and vaccines available in later waves. These findings may provide insight for future potential pandemics.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-16
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2371-0888
ISSN (online)	2371-0888
DOI	10.3138/jammi-2023-0015
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