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  1. Article ; Online: Japan’s strategy amid US–China confrontation

    Sahashi, Ryo

    China Int Strategy Rev.

    Abstract: Japan’s strategy amid US–China confrontation has focused on securing national defense and economic prosperity by maintaining Japan’s alliance with the United States and promoting Asia’s socioeconomic integration. Japan is working toward an institutional ... ...

    Abstract Japan’s strategy amid US–China confrontation has focused on securing national defense and economic prosperity by maintaining Japan’s alliance with the United States and promoting Asia’s socioeconomic integration. Japan is working toward an institutional order based on universal values. It realizes that such a long-term goal requires coexistence, including with countries in the midst of integrating into the political and economic world order, and prioritizes stability. This approach explains the historical development of Japan–China relations since the 1970s. During this period, Japan has expected to maneuver China into integration with global politics through economic statecraft while maintaining its alliance with the US. During the current US–China confrontation, Japan faces the challenge of maintaining this complex strategic position in the US–China–Japan triangle. Its reaction to this new reality is to enhance its alliance with the US (including cooperation for economic security) and strengthen international partnership to promote its preferred mode of institutional order, while maintaining diplomacy with China.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher PMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1007/s42533-020-00061-9
    Database COVID19

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  2. Article ; Online: Development of artificial intelligence-based slow-motion echocardiography and clinical usefulness for evaluating regional wall motion abnormalities.

    Sahashi, Yuki / Takeshita, Ryo / Watanabe, Takatomo / Ishihara, Takuma / Sekine, Ayako / Watanabe, Daichi / Ishihara, Takeshi / Ichiryu, Hajime / Endo, Susumu / Fukuoka, Daisuke / Hara, Takeshi / Okura, Hiroyuki

    The international journal of cardiovascular imaging

    2023  Volume 40, Issue 2, Page(s) 385–395

    Abstract: The diagnostic accuracy of exercise stress echocardiography (ESE) for myocardial ischemia requires improvement, given that it currently depends on the physicians' experience and image quality. To address this issue, we aimed to develop artificial ... ...

    Abstract The diagnostic accuracy of exercise stress echocardiography (ESE) for myocardial ischemia requires improvement, given that it currently depends on the physicians' experience and image quality. To address this issue, we aimed to develop artificial intelligence (AI)-based slow-motion echocardiography using inter-image interpolation. The clinical usefulness of this method was evaluated for detecting regional wall-motion abnormalities (RWMAs). In this study, an AI-based echocardiographic image-interpolation pipeline was developed using optical flow calculation and prediction for in-between images. The accuracy for detecting RWMAs and image readability among 25 patients with RWMA and 25 healthy volunteers was compared between four cardiologists using slow-motion and conventional ESE. Slow-motion echocardiography was successfully developed for arbitrary time-steps (e.g., 0.125×, and 0.5×) using 1,334 videos. The RWMA detection accuracy showed a numerical improvement, but it was not statistically significant (87.5% in slow-motion echocardiography vs. 81.0% in conventional ESE; odds ratio: 1.43 [95% CI: 0.78-2.62], p = 0.25). Interreader agreement analysis (Fleiss's Kappa) for detecting RWMAs among the four cardiologists were 0.66 (95%CI: 0.55-0.77) for slow-motion ESE and 0.53 (95%CI: 0.42-0.65) for conventional ESE. Additionally, subjective evaluations of image readability using a four-point scale showed a significant improvement for slow-motion echocardiography (2.11 ± 0.73 vs. 1.70 ± 0.78, p < 0.001).In conclusion, we successfully developed slow-motion echocardiography using in-between echocardiographic image interpolation. Although the accuracy for detecting RWMAs did not show a significant improvement with this method, we observed enhanced image readability and interreader agreement. This AI-based approach holds promise in supporting physicians' evaluations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Echocardiography ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Echocardiography, Stress/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2055311-0
    ISSN 1875-8312 ; 1573-0743 ; 1569-5794 ; 0167-9899
    ISSN (online) 1875-8312 ; 1573-0743
    ISSN 1569-5794 ; 0167-9899
    DOI 10.1007/s10554-023-02997-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Biogeochemical characteristics of brash sea ice and icebergs during summer and autumn in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean

    Nomura, Daiki / Sahashi, Reishi / Takahashi, Keigo D. / Makabe, Ryosuke / Ito, Masato / Tozawa, Manami / Wongpan, Pat / Matsuda, Ryo / Sano, Masayoshi / Yamamoto-Kawai, Michiyo / Nojiro, Natsumi / Tachibana, Aiko / Kurosawa, Norio / Moteki, Masato / Tamura, Takeshi / Aoki, Shigeru / Murase, Hiroto

    Progress in Oceanography. 2023 Apr. 14, p.103023-

    2023  , Page(s) 103023–

    Abstract: We analyzed biogeochemical components of brash ice, originating from sea ice and icebergs, collected in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during the summer and autumn of 2018–2020. Ice samples, collected from seawater by net or cage methods, were ... ...

    Abstract We analyzed biogeochemical components of brash ice, originating from sea ice and icebergs, collected in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during the summer and autumn of 2018–2020. Ice samples, collected from seawater by net or cage methods, were melted in the dark under cool conditions to measure physical and biogeochemical components such as salinity, stable oxygen isotopes, nutrients, and chlorophyll-a. We compared brash ice parameters with those of seawater samples from the temperature minimum layer, corresponding to the water in which the sea ice originated, to examine the effects of processes such as brine drainage, snow-ice formation, and biological activities on the biogeochemical components in sea ice. Samples from icebergs (ice formed on land) had salinity of zero and low concentrations of all other components, suggesting that the atmospheric deposition of nutrients is minimal in this clean environment. However, sea ice samples had a wide range of values for each parameter. Our results show that meteoric water makes a smaller contribution to sea ice than it typically does to multi-year landfast ice, and there is no correlation between this meteoric water contribution and nutrient concentrations, which suggests that the contribution of snow-ice formation to nutrients within sea ice is subordinate to the role of biological processes. Nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentrations in our brash ice samples are of similar magnitude to those in sea ice samples collected in the same area by coring of thick pack ice. Our data represent end-member values that may be useful to estimate the respective contributions of snow, sea ice, and seawater to surface water samples.
    Keywords atmospheric deposition ; autumn ; cages ; chlorophyll ; drainage ; oceanography ; oxygen ; salinity ; sea ice ; seawater ; snow ; summer ; surface water ; temperature ; icebergs ; nutrients ; melting ; Southern Ocean
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0414
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Pre-press version
    ISSN 0079-6611
    DOI 10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103023
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Biogeochemical characteristics of brash sea ice and icebergs during summer and autumn in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean

    Nomura, Daiki / Sahashi, Reishi / Takahashi, Keigo D. / Makabe, Ryosuke / Ito, Masato / Tozawa, Manami / Wongpan, Pat / Matsuda, Ryo / Sano, Masayoshi / Yamamoto-Kawai, Michiyo / Nojiro, Natsumi / Tachibana, Aiko / Kurosawa, Norio / Moteki, Masato / Tamura, Takeshi / Aoki, Shigeru / Murase, Hiroto

    2023  

    Abstract: We analyzed biogeochemical components of brash ice, originating from sea ice and icebergs, collected in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during the summer and autumn of 2018–2020. Ice samples, collected from seawater by net or cage methods, were ... ...

    Abstract We analyzed biogeochemical components of brash ice, originating from sea ice and icebergs, collected in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during the summer and autumn of 2018–2020. Ice samples, collected from seawater by net or cage methods, were melted in the dark under cool conditions to measure physical and biogeochemical components such as salinity, stable oxygen isotopes, nutrients, and chlorophyll-a. We compared brash ice parameters with those of seawater samples from the temperature minimum layer, corresponding to the water in which the sea ice originated, to examine the effects of processes such as brine drainage, snow-ice formation, and biological activities on the biogeochemical components in sea ice. Samples from icebergs (ice formed on land) had salinity of zero and low concentrations of all other components, suggesting that the atmospheric deposition of nutrients is minimal in this clean environment. However, sea ice samples had a wide range of values for each parameter. Our results show that meteoric water makes a smaller contribution to sea ice than it typically does to multi-year landfast ice, and there is no correlation between this meteoric water contribution and nutrient concentrations, which suggests that the contribution of snow-ice formation to nutrients within sea ice is subordinate to the role of biological processes. Nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentrations in our brash ice samples are of similar magnitude to those in sea ice samples collected in the same area by coring of thick pack ice. Our data represent end-member values that may be useful to estimate the respective contributions of snow, sea ice, and seawater to surface water samples.
    Subject code 290 ; 551
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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