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  1. Article: Job loss at home: children's school performance during the Great Recession.

    Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer

    SERIEs : journal of the Spanish Economic Association

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) 243–286

    Abstract: This paper studies the intergenerational impact of parental job loss on school performance during the Great Recession in Spain. Collecting data through parental surveys in a school in the province of Barcelona, I obtain information about the parental ... ...

    Abstract This paper studies the intergenerational impact of parental job loss on school performance during the Great Recession in Spain. Collecting data through parental surveys in a school in the province of Barcelona, I obtain information about the parental labour market status before and after the Great Recession. I can then link this information to repeated information on their children's school performance, for a sample of over 300 students. Using individual fixed effects, the estimates show a negative and significant decrease on average grades of around 15% of a standard deviation after father's job loss. These results are mainly driven by those students whose fathers suffer long unemployment spells. In contrast, the average impact of mother's job loss on school performance is close to zero and non-significant. The decline in school performance during the Great Recession after father's job loss, particularly among disadvantaged students, could result in detrimental long-term effects that might contribute to increased inequality. This could be an important and underemphasised cost of recessions.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-29
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2536381-5
    ISSN 1869-4195 ; 1869-4187
    ISSN (online) 1869-4195
    ISSN 1869-4187
    DOI 10.1007/s13209-020-00217-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Work and children in Spain: challenges and opportunities for equality between men and women.

    Hupkau, Claudia / Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer

    SERIEs : journal of the Spanish Economic Association

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 243–268

    Abstract: Over the past decades, Spain has seen a striking convergence between women's and men's participation in the labour market. However, this convergence has stalled since the early 2010s. We show that women still fare worse in several important labour market ...

    Abstract Over the past decades, Spain has seen a striking convergence between women's and men's participation in the labour market. However, this convergence has stalled since the early 2010s. We show that women still fare worse in several important labour market dimensions. Gender inequalities are further aggravated among people with children. Women with children under 16 are much more likely to be unemployed, work part-time or on temporary contracts than men with children of the same age. We show that it is unlikely that preferences alone can account for these gaps. A review of the evidence shows that family policies, such as paternity leave expansions, financial incentives in the form of tax credits for working mothers and subsidised or free childcare for very young children, could help reduce the motherhood penalty. However, such policies are likely to be more effective if combined with advances in breaking up traditional gender roles.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-04
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2536381-5
    ISSN 1869-4195 ; 1869-4187
    ISSN (online) 1869-4195
    ISSN 1869-4187
    DOI 10.1007/s13209-021-00243-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Labour Market Shocks and Parental Investments during the Covid-19 Pandemic.

    Hupkau, Claudia / Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer / Isphording, Ingo E / Machin, Stephen

    Labour economics

    2023  Volume 82, Page(s) 102341

    Abstract: This paper studies spill-over effects of parental labour market shocks at two time points in the Covid-19 crisis: right after its onset in April 2020, and in January 2021. We use rich data from the UK to look at the consequences of immediate and ... ...

    Abstract This paper studies spill-over effects of parental labour market shocks at two time points in the Covid-19 crisis: right after its onset in April 2020, and in January 2021. We use rich data from the UK to look at the consequences of immediate and persistent shocks that hit parents' economic livelihoods. These negative labour market shocks have substantially larger impacts when suffered by fathers than by mothers. Children of fathers that suffered the most severe shocks - earnings dropping to zero - are the ones that are consistently impacted. In April 2020, they were 10 percentage points less likely to have received additional paid learning resources, but their fathers were spending about 30 more minutes per day helping them with school work. However, by January 2021, this latter association switches sign, as the negative spill-over onto children's education occurred for those fathers facing more persistent, negative labour market shocks as the crisis progressed. The paper discusses potential mechanisms driving these results, finding a sustained deterioration of household finances and a worsening of father's mental health to be factors at play.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0927-5371
    ISSN 0927-5371
    DOI 10.1016/j.labeco.2023.102341
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Work and children in Spain

    Hupkau, Claudia / Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer

    Challenges and opportunities for equality between men and women

    2022  

    Abstract: Over the past decades, Spain has seen a striking convergence between women's and men's participation in the labour market. However, this convergence has stalled since the early 2010s. We show that women still fare worse in several important labour market ...

    Abstract Over the past decades, Spain has seen a striking convergence between women's and men's participation in the labour market. However, this convergence has stalled since the early 2010s. We show that women still fare worse in several important labour market dimensions. Gender inequalities are further aggravated among people with children. Women with children under 16 are much more likely to be unemployed, work part-time or on temporary contracts than men with children of the same age. We show that it is unlikely that preferences alone can account for these gaps. A review of the evidence shows that family policies, such as paternity leave expansions, financial incentives in the form of tax credits for working mothers and subsidised or free childcare for very young children, could help reduce the motherhood penalty. However, such policies are likely to be more effective if combined with advances in breaking up traditional gender roles.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; J13 ; J16 ; J18 ; Family policy ; Gender gaps ; Inequality ; Motherhood penalty
    Subject code 331
    Language English
    Publisher Heidelberg: Springer
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  5. Article: Job loss at home: children’s school performance during the Great Recession

    Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer

    SERIEs

    Abstract: This paper studies the intergenerational impact of parental job loss on school performance during the Great Recession in Spain. Collecting data through parental surveys in a school in the province of Barcelona, I obtain information about the parental ... ...

    Abstract This paper studies the intergenerational impact of parental job loss on school performance during the Great Recession in Spain. Collecting data through parental surveys in a school in the province of Barcelona, I obtain information about the parental labour market status before and after the Great Recession. I can then link this information to repeated information on their children’s school performance, for a sample of over 300 students. Using individual fixed effects, the estimates show a negative and significant decrease on average grades of around 15% of a standard deviation after father’s job loss. These results are mainly driven by those students whose fathers suffer long unemployment spells. In contrast, the average impact of mother’s job loss on school performance is close to zero and non-significant. The decline in school performance during the Great Recession after father’s job loss, particularly among disadvantaged students, could result in detrimental long-term effects that might contribute to increased inequality. This could be an important and underemphasised cost of recessions.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #436332
    Database COVID19

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  6. Article ; Online: Job loss at home

    Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer

    Children's school performance during the Great Recession

    2020  

    Abstract: This paper studies the intergenerational impact of parental job loss on school performance during the Great Recession in Spain. Collecting data through parental surveys in a school in the province of Barcelona, I obtain information about the parental ... ...

    Abstract This paper studies the intergenerational impact of parental job loss on school performance during the Great Recession in Spain. Collecting data through parental surveys in a school in the province of Barcelona, I obtain information about the parental labour market status before and after the Great Recession. I can then link this information to repeated information on their children's school performance, for a sample of over 300 students. Using individual fixed effects, the estimates show a negative and significant decrease on average grades of around 15% of a standard deviation after father's job loss. These results are mainly driven by those students whose fathers suffer long unemployment spells. In contrast, the average impact of mother's job loss on school performance is close to zero and non-significant. The decline in school performance during the Great Recession after father's job loss, particularly among disadvantaged students, could result in detrimental long-term effects that might contribute to increased inequality. This could be an important and underemphasised cost of recessions.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; I20 ; I24 ; J63 ; J65 ; Parental job loss ; School performance ; Great Recession
    Subject code 331
    Language English
    Publisher Heidelberg: Springer
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  7. Book ; Online: Job loss at home

    Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer

    children's school performance during the Great Recession in Spain

    (CEP discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance ; 1364)

    2015  

    Author's details Jenifer Ruiz-Valenzuela
    Series title CEP discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance ; 1364
    Language English
    Size Online-Ressource (47 S.), graph. Darst.
    Publisher Centre for Economic Performance
    Publishing place London
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database ECONomics Information System

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  8. Book ; Article ; Online: Labour Market Shocks during the COVID-19 Pandemic, Inequalities and Child Outcomes

    Hupkau, Claudia / Isphording, Ingo E. / Machin, Stephen / Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer

    2020  

    Abstract: We study the effect of negative labour market shocks borne by parents during the Covid-19 crisis on resource and time investments in children and the channels through which negative labour market shocks experienced by parents might affect children. Using ...

    Abstract We study the effect of negative labour market shocks borne by parents during the Covid-19 crisis on resource and time investments in children and the channels through which negative labour market shocks experienced by parents might affect children. Using data collected in the UK before and during the pandemic, we show that fathers and mothers that were already disadvantaged were more likely to have suffered negative earnings and employment shocks. These shocks had an immediate intergenerational impact: Children whose fathers reported an earnings drop to zero are significantly less likely to have received additional paid learning resources compared to similar children whose fathers did not experience a drop in earnings. Potentially offsetting this, they received about 30 more mins of parental help with schoolwork per day. Parental mental health is negatively affected when they experience earnings losses, and fathers who experience a full loss in earnings were less likely to quarrel or talk about things that matter with their kids than fathers who did not suffer earnings drops. The interactions between labour market shocks, parental investments and school closures are likely to have important implications for future inequality.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; J63 ; J65 ; I20 ; I24 ; job loss ; job insecurity ; child outcomes
    Subject code 331
    Language English
    Publisher Bonn: Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  9. Book ; Article ; Online: Entry Through the Narrow Door

    Machin, Steve / McNally, Sandra / Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer

    The Costs of Just Failing High Stakes Exams

    2018  

    Abstract: In many countries, important thresholds in examinations act as a gateway to higher levels of education and/or good employment prospects. This paper examines the consequences of just failing a key high stakes national examination in English taken at the ... ...

    Abstract In many countries, important thresholds in examinations act as a gateway to higher levels of education and/or good employment prospects. This paper examines the consequences of just failing a key high stakes national examination in English taken at the end of compulsory schooling in England. It uses unique administrative data to show that students of the same ability have significantly different educational trajectories depending on whether or not they just pass or fail this exam. Three years later, students who just fail to achieve the required threshold have a lower probability of entering an upper-secondary high-level academic or vocational track and of starting tertiary education. Those who fail to pass the threshold are also more likely to drop out of education by age 18, without some form of employment. The moderately high effects of just passing or failing to pass the threshold in this high stakes exam are therefore a source of educational inequality with high potential long-term consequences for those affected.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; I20 ; I21 ; I24 ; high stakes examinations ; manipulation ; English
    Subject code 331
    Language English
    Publisher Munich: Center for Economic Studies and ifo Institute (CESifo)
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  10. Book ; Article ; Online: Entry Through the Narrow Door

    Machin, Stephen / McNally, Sandra / Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer

    The Costs of Just Failing High Stakes Exams

    2018  

    Abstract: In many countries, important thresholds in examinations act as a gateway to higher levels of education and/or good employment prospects. This paper examines the consequences of just failing a key high stakes national examination in English taken at the ... ...

    Abstract In many countries, important thresholds in examinations act as a gateway to higher levels of education and/or good employment prospects. This paper examines the consequences of just failing a key high stakes national examination in English taken at the end of compulsory schooling in England. It uses unique administrative data to show that students of the same ability have significantly different educational trajectories depending on whether or not they just pass or fail this exam. Three years later, students who just fail to achieve the required threshold have a lower probability of entering an upper-secondary high-level academic or vocational track and of starting tertiary education. Those who fail to pass the threshold are also more likely to drop out of education by age 18, without some form of employment. The moderately high effects of just passing or failing to pass the threshold in this high stakes exam are therefore a source of educational inequality with high potential long-term consequences for those affected.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; I20 ; I21 ; I24 ; high stakes examinations ; manipulation ; English
    Subject code 331
    Language English
    Publisher Bonn: Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

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