Article ; Online: Calcium phosphate microcrystallopathy as a paradigm of chronic kidney disease progression.
Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
2023 Volume 32, Issue 4, Page(s) 344–351
Abstract: Purpose of review: Calciprotein particles (CPP) are colloidal mineral-protein complexes mainly composed of solid-phase calcium phosphate and serum protein fetuin-A. CPP appear in the blood and renal tubular fluid after phosphate intake, playing critical ...
Abstract | Purpose of review: Calciprotein particles (CPP) are colloidal mineral-protein complexes mainly composed of solid-phase calcium phosphate and serum protein fetuin-A. CPP appear in the blood and renal tubular fluid after phosphate intake, playing critical roles in (patho)physiology of mineral metabolism and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review aims at providing an update of current knowledge on CPP. Recent findings: CPP formation is regarded as a defense mechanism against unwanted growth of calcium phosphate crystals in the blood and urine. CPP are polydisperse colloids and classified based on the density and crystallinity of calcium phosphate. Low-density CPP containing amorphous (noncrystalline) calcium phosphate function as an inducer of FGF23 expression in osteoblasts and a carrier of calcium phosphate to the bone. However, once transformed to high-density CPP containing crystalline calcium phosphate, CPP become cytotoxic and inflammogenic, inducing cell death in renal tubular cells, calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells, and innate immune responses in macrophages. Summary: CPP potentially behave like a pathogen that causes renal tubular damage, chronic inflammation, and vascular calcification. CPP have emerged as a promising therapeutic target for CKD and cardiovascular complications. |
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MeSH term(s) | Humans ; alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein/metabolism ; Calcium Phosphates/metabolism ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Vascular Calcification/etiology ; Minerals/metabolism ; Phosphates/metabolism ; Calcium/metabolism |
Chemical Substances | alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein ; calcium phosphate (97Z1WI3NDX) ; Calcium Phosphates ; Minerals ; Phosphates ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) |
Language | English |
Publishing date | 2023-04-19 |
Publishing country | England |
Document type | Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
ZDB-ID | 1151092-4 |
ISSN | 1473-6543 ; 1535-3842 ; 1062-4813 ; 1062-4821 |
ISSN (online) | 1473-6543 ; 1535-3842 |
ISSN | 1062-4813 ; 1062-4821 |
DOI | 10.1097/MNH.0000000000000890 |
Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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