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  1. Article ; Online: Factors That Influence the Judgment of Oral Management Necessity in Preoperative Oral Screening.

    Kai, Nanami / Tsukamoto, Yoko / Urabe, Kaoru / Tani, Asuka / Inai, Yuko / Okadome, Asako / Kashiwazaki, Haruhiko / Mizutani, Shinsuke / Wada, Naohisa

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 22

    Abstract: Oral management during the perioperative period is important to prevent the development of postoperative complications. However, there are no unified systems to examine the oral status of patients and very few studies have focused on preoperative oral ... ...

    Abstract Oral management during the perioperative period is important to prevent the development of postoperative complications. However, there are no unified systems to examine the oral status of patients and very few studies have focused on preoperative oral screening. In this study, we examined the oral status of patients who underwent oral screening at a University Hospital. A total of 1173 patients who underwent oral screening for perioperative management from April 2020 to July 2021 were enrolled. The subjects' medical data were retrospectively extracted from the dental records, and finally, the data of 1081 patients aged ≥20 years were analyzed. Oral screening based on seven categories was performed by dentists or dental hygienists. Our cumulative results determined whether patients required oral management during the perioperative period. "Poor oral hygiene" was the most frequent category (24%) of all oral categories examined. Logistic analysis revealed that tooth mobility had the highest odds ratio (21.476; 95% confidence interval: 11.462-40.239;
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Judgment ; Odds Ratio ; Perioperative Period ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph182212236
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Klotho deficiency intensifies hypoxia-induced expression of IFN-α/β through upregulation of RIG-I in kidneys.

    Urabe, Asako / Doi, Shigehiro / Nakashima, Ayumu / Ike, Takeshi / Morii, Kenichi / Sasaki, Kensuke / Doi, Toshiki / Arihiro, Koji / Masaki, Takao

    PloS one

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 10, Page(s) e0258856

    Abstract: Hypoxia is a common pathway to the progression of end-stage kidney disease. Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) encodes an RNA helicase that recognizes viruses including SARS-CoV2, which is responsible for the production of interferon (IFN)-α/β to ... ...

    Abstract Hypoxia is a common pathway to the progression of end-stage kidney disease. Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) encodes an RNA helicase that recognizes viruses including SARS-CoV2, which is responsible for the production of interferon (IFN)-α/β to prevent the spread of viral infection. Recently, RIG-I activation was found under hypoxic conditions, and klotho deficiency was shown to intensify the activation of RIG-I in mouse brains. However, the roles of these functions in renal inflammation remain elusive. Here, for in vitro study, the expression of RIG-I and IFN-α/β was examined in normal rat kidney (NRK)-52E cells incubated under hypoxic conditions (1% O2). Next, siRNA targeting RIG-I or scramble siRNA was transfected into NRK52E cells to examine the expression of RIG-I and IFN-α/β under hypoxic conditions. We also investigated the expression levels of RIG-I and IFN-α/β in 33 human kidney biopsy samples diagnosed with IgA nephropathy. For in vivo study, we induced renal hypoxia by clamping the renal artery for 10 min in wild-type mice (WT mice) and Klotho-knockout mice (Kl-/- mice). Incubation under hypoxic conditions increased the expression of RIG-I and IFN-α/β in NRK52E cells. Their upregulation was inhibited in NRK52E cells transfected with siRNA targeting RIG-I. In patients with IgA nephropathy, immunohistochemical staining of renal biopsy samples revealed that the expression of RIG-I was correlated with that of IFN-α/β (r = 0.57, P<0.001, and r = 0.81, P<0.001, respectively). The expression levels of RIG-I and IFN-α/β were upregulated in kidneys of hypoxic WT mice and further upregulation was observed in hypoxic Kl-/- mice. These findings suggest that hypoxia induces the expression of IFN-α/β through the upregulation of RIG-I, and that klotho deficiency intensifies this hypoxia-induced expression in kidneys.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Glucuronidase/genetics ; Glucuronidase/metabolism ; Hypoxia/genetics ; Hypoxia/metabolism ; Interferon-alpha/metabolism ; Kidney/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; RNA Helicases/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Rats ; Up-Regulation
    Chemical Substances Interferon-alpha ; RNA, Small Interfering ; interferon-alpha 8 ; RIG-I protein, rat (EC 2.7.7.-) ; Glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31) ; klotho protein (EC 3.2.1.31) ; RNA Helicases (EC 3.6.4.13)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0258856
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Factors That Influence the Judgment of Oral Management Necessity in Preoperative Oral Screening

    Nanami Kai / Yoko Tsukamoto / Kaoru Urabe / Asuka Tani / Yuko Inai / Asako Okadome / Haruhiko Kashiwazaki / Shinsuke Mizutani / Naohisa Wada

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 12236, p

    2021  Volume 12236

    Abstract: Oral management during the perioperative period is important to prevent the development of postoperative complications. However, there are no unified systems to examine the oral status of patients and very few studies have focused on preoperative oral ... ...

    Abstract Oral management during the perioperative period is important to prevent the development of postoperative complications. However, there are no unified systems to examine the oral status of patients and very few studies have focused on preoperative oral screening. In this study, we examined the oral status of patients who underwent oral screening at a University Hospital. A total of 1173 patients who underwent oral screening for perioperative management from April 2020 to July 2021 were enrolled. The subjects’ medical data were retrospectively extracted from the dental records, and finally, the data of 1081 patients aged ≥20 years were analyzed. Oral screening based on seven categories was performed by dentists or dental hygienists. Our cumulative results determined whether patients required oral management during the perioperative period. “Poor oral hygiene” was the most frequent category (24%) of all oral categories examined. Logistic analysis revealed that tooth mobility had the highest odds ratio (21.476; 95% confidence interval: 11.462–40.239; p < 0.001) for oral management necessity during the perioperative period. Our study suggests that poor oral hygiene is most frequently observed in preoperative oral screening. Moreover, tooth mobility in preoperative oral screening may influence the judgment of oral management necessity during the perioperative period.
    Keywords perioperative period ; oral care ; retrospective study ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 941
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Klotho deficiency intensifies hypoxia-induced expression of IFN-α/β through upregulation of RIG-I in kidneys.

    Asako Urabe / Shigehiro Doi / Ayumu Nakashima / Takeshi Ike / Kenichi Morii / Kensuke Sasaki / Toshiki Doi / Koji Arihiro / Takao Masaki

    PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e

    2021  Volume 0258856

    Abstract: Hypoxia is a common pathway to the progression of end-stage kidney disease. Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) encodes an RNA helicase that recognizes viruses including SARS-CoV2, which is responsible for the production of interferon (IFN)-α/β to ... ...

    Abstract Hypoxia is a common pathway to the progression of end-stage kidney disease. Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) encodes an RNA helicase that recognizes viruses including SARS-CoV2, which is responsible for the production of interferon (IFN)-α/β to prevent the spread of viral infection. Recently, RIG-I activation was found under hypoxic conditions, and klotho deficiency was shown to intensify the activation of RIG-I in mouse brains. However, the roles of these functions in renal inflammation remain elusive. Here, for in vitro study, the expression of RIG-I and IFN-α/β was examined in normal rat kidney (NRK)-52E cells incubated under hypoxic conditions (1% O2). Next, siRNA targeting RIG-I or scramble siRNA was transfected into NRK52E cells to examine the expression of RIG-I and IFN-α/β under hypoxic conditions. We also investigated the expression levels of RIG-I and IFN-α/β in 33 human kidney biopsy samples diagnosed with IgA nephropathy. For in vivo study, we induced renal hypoxia by clamping the renal artery for 10 min in wild-type mice (WT mice) and Klotho-knockout mice (Kl-/- mice). Incubation under hypoxic conditions increased the expression of RIG-I and IFN-α/β in NRK52E cells. Their upregulation was inhibited in NRK52E cells transfected with siRNA targeting RIG-I. In patients with IgA nephropathy, immunohistochemical staining of renal biopsy samples revealed that the expression of RIG-I was correlated with that of IFN-α/β (r = 0.57, P<0.001, and r = 0.81, P<0.001, respectively). The expression levels of RIG-I and IFN-α/β were upregulated in kidneys of hypoxic WT mice and further upregulation was observed in hypoxic Kl-/- mice. These findings suggest that hypoxia induces the expression of IFN-α/β through the upregulation of RIG-I, and that klotho deficiency intensifies this hypoxia-induced expression in kidneys.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Klotho deficiency intensifies hypoxia-induced expression of IFN-α/β through upregulation of RIG-I in kidneys

    Asako Urabe / Shigehiro Doi / Ayumu Nakashima / Takeshi Ike / Kenichi Morii / Kensuke Sasaki / Toshiki Doi / Koji Arihiro / Takao Masaki

    PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss

    2021  Volume 10

    Abstract: Hypoxia is a common pathway to the progression of end-stage kidney disease. Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) encodes an RNA helicase that recognizes viruses including SARS-CoV2, which is responsible for the production of interferon (IFN)-α/β to ... ...

    Abstract Hypoxia is a common pathway to the progression of end-stage kidney disease. Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) encodes an RNA helicase that recognizes viruses including SARS-CoV2, which is responsible for the production of interferon (IFN)-α/β to prevent the spread of viral infection. Recently, RIG-I activation was found under hypoxic conditions, and klotho deficiency was shown to intensify the activation of RIG-I in mouse brains. However, the roles of these functions in renal inflammation remain elusive. Here, for in vitro study, the expression of RIG-I and IFN-α/β was examined in normal rat kidney (NRK)-52E cells incubated under hypoxic conditions (1% O2). Next, siRNA targeting RIG-I or scramble siRNA was transfected into NRK52E cells to examine the expression of RIG-I and IFN-α/β under hypoxic conditions. We also investigated the expression levels of RIG-I and IFN-α/β in 33 human kidney biopsy samples diagnosed with IgA nephropathy. For in vivo study, we induced renal hypoxia by clamping the renal artery for 10 min in wild-type mice (WT mice) and Klotho-knockout mice (Kl−/− mice). Incubation under hypoxic conditions increased the expression of RIG-I and IFN-α/β in NRK52E cells. Their upregulation was inhibited in NRK52E cells transfected with siRNA targeting RIG-I. In patients with IgA nephropathy, immunohistochemical staining of renal biopsy samples revealed that the expression of RIG-I was correlated with that of IFN-α/β (r = 0.57, P<0.001, and r = 0.81, P<0.001, respectively). The expression levels of RIG-I and IFN-α/β were upregulated in kidneys of hypoxic WT mice and further upregulation was observed in hypoxic Kl−/− mice. These findings suggest that hypoxia induces the expression of IFN-α/β through the upregulation of RIG-I, and that klotho deficiency intensifies this hypoxia-induced expression in kidneys.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells Are Involved in Acute Ischemic Stroke by Regulating Neuroinflammation.

    Nakajima, Sho / Tanaka, Ryota / Yamashiro, Kazuo / Chiba, Asako / Noto, Daisuke / Inaba, Toshiki / Kurita, Naohide / Miyamoto, Nobukazu / Kuroki, Takuma / Shimura, Hideki / Ueno, Yuji / Urabe, Takao / Miyake, Sachiko / Hattori, Nobutaka

    Journal of the American Heart Association

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 7, Page(s) e018803

    Abstract: Background Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have been associated with inflammation in several autoimmune diseases. However, their relation to ischemic stroke remains unclear. This study attempted to elucidate the role of MAIT cells in acute ... ...

    Abstract Background Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have been associated with inflammation in several autoimmune diseases. However, their relation to ischemic stroke remains unclear. This study attempted to elucidate the role of MAIT cells in acute ischemic stroke in mice. Methods and Results We used MR1 knockout C57BL/6 (MR1
    MeSH term(s) Acute Disease ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Immunity, Cellular ; Inflammation/immunology ; Ischemic Stroke/immunology ; Ischemic Stroke/metabolism ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells/immunology ; Mice
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2653953-6
    ISSN 2047-9980 ; 2047-9980
    ISSN (online) 2047-9980
    ISSN 2047-9980
    DOI 10.1161/JAHA.120.018803
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Invasion, dispersion, population persistence and ecological impacts of a freshwater mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) in the Honshu Island of Japan

    Nakano, Daisuke / Baba, Takashi / Endo, Noriyuki / Nagayama, Shigeya / Fujinaga, Ai / Uchida, Asako / Shiragane, Akiko / Urabe, Misako / Kobayashi, Takuya

    Biological invasions. 2015 Feb., v. 17, no. 2

    2015  

    Abstract: The freshwater mussels Limnoperna and Dreissena require the low advective flow conditions of large continental rivers so their larvae can develop sufficiently to settle before reaching the ocean in order to maintain their populations. However, these ... ...

    Abstract The freshwater mussels Limnoperna and Dreissena require the low advective flow conditions of large continental rivers so their larvae can develop sufficiently to settle before reaching the ocean in order to maintain their populations. However, these species have also invaded some island rivers with high advective flows. We integrated data for the invasion, distribution, genetic composition and ecological impacts of L. fortunei on the Honshu Island of Japan. Invasion route and mechanisms of dispersion and population persistence are detailed in non-continental rivers. The initial invasion and several of the dispersions of L. fortunei were closely related to the food culture of consuming freshwater clams in Japan. Other dispersions were most likely affected by headrace channels. Thus, population persistence depends on anthropogenic lentic environments such as reservoirs and channel networks as a nursing habitat for L. fortunei larvae. L. fortunei was often abundant near artificial habitats and less abundant in the lower segments of rivers. We also contrast the invasion processes of freshwater mussels in continental and non-continental rivers.
    Keywords Dreissena ; clams ; dispersions ; environmental impact ; foodways ; freshwater ; habitats ; larvae ; lentic systems ; mussels ; rivers ; Japan
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2015-02
    Size p. 743-759.
    Publishing place Springer-Verlag
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1438729-3
    ISSN 1573-1464 ; 1387-3547
    ISSN (online) 1573-1464
    ISSN 1387-3547
    DOI 10.1007/s10530-014-0765-3
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Cerebral infarction in a young man using high-dose anabolic steroids.

    Shimada, Yoshiaki / Yoritaka, Asako / Tanaka, Yasutaka / Miyamoto, Nobukazu / Ueno, Yuji / Hattori, Nobutaka / Takao, Urabe

    Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association

    2012  Volume 21, Issue 8, Page(s) 906.e9–11

    Abstract: Anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse has increased among athletes in recent years. However, AAS abuse can increase hypercoagulopathy and cause cerebrovascular disease. We report a case of a 27-year-old man who had right hemiparalysis, hemianopia, ... ...

    Abstract Anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse has increased among athletes in recent years. However, AAS abuse can increase hypercoagulopathy and cause cerebrovascular disease. We report a case of a 27-year-old man who had right hemiparalysis, hemianopia, dysarthria, and double vision in the middle of muscle training. He suspected acute disseminated encephalomyelitis at first, because of a preceding respiratory infection. However, extensive work-up was performed, including brain magnetic resonance imaging, transcranial Doppler and transesophageal echocardiography, confirming the final diagnosis of cardioembolic stroke. Physicians should be aware that cerebrovascular disease may be a side effect of AAS, even in younger populations.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anabolic Agents/adverse effects ; Androgens/adverse effects ; Cerebral Infarction/chemically induced ; Cerebral Infarction/diagnosis ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Foramen Ovale, Patent/complications ; Foramen Ovale, Patent/diagnosis ; Heart Aneurysm/complications ; Heart Aneurysm/diagnosis ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Risk Factors ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial ; Venous Thrombosis/chemically induced
    Chemical Substances Anabolic Agents ; Androgens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1131675-5
    ISSN 1532-8511 ; 1052-3057
    ISSN (online) 1532-8511
    ISSN 1052-3057
    DOI 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2011.07.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Motor and non-motor symptoms of 1453 patients with Parkinson's disease: prevalence and risks.

    Yoritaka, Asako / Shimo, Yasushi / Takanashi, Masashi / Fukae, Jiro / Hatano, Taku / Nakahara, Toshiki / Miyamato, Nobukazu / Urabe, Takao / Mori, Hideo / Hattori, Nobutaka

    Parkinsonism & related disorders

    2013  Volume 19, Issue 8, Page(s) 725–731

    Abstract: Purpose: We examined the prevalence and risk of clinical symptoms in a large number of Japanese patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) (n = 1453; 650 males).: Methods: Events were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, logistic regression, and ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: We examined the prevalence and risk of clinical symptoms in a large number of Japanese patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) (n = 1453; 650 males).
    Methods: Events were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, logistic regression, and Cox proportional-hazards models.
    Results: The mean age (SD) was 67.7 (10.0), age of onset was 58.0 (11.5), and disease duration was 9.7 (6.6) years. The mean modified Hoehn and Yahr stage was 2.8 (1.2). Most patients (88.9%) received levodopa (547.7 (257.6) mg/day). A large proportion (81.3%) received dopamine agonists (136.2 (140.7) mg/day). About 23.4% received pain treatment 6.9 (5.1) years after the onset; females (p < 0.05) and patients with late-onset PD (≥60 years, p < 0.001) were more likely to be affected. About 44.7% of patients had wearing-off 7.5 (4.7) years after the onset, and it was more common in females (p < 0.001) and patients with early-onset PD (p < 0.001). Camptocormia was found in 9.5% of patients 8.1 (6.2) years after the onset, and it was more common in females (p < 0.05) and patients with late-onset PD (p < 0.05). About 28.6% of patients developed psychosis 9.0 (5.4) years after the onset, and it was more likely to occur in patients with late-onset PD (p < 0.001). Late-onset PD and cerebrovascular disease were also associated with increased risk of pneumonia.
    Conclusions: Considering that very few studies have assessed numerous clinical symptoms in the same report, these data provide a useful reference for the clinical course of PD.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Skills Disorders/diagnosis ; Motor Skills Disorders/epidemiology ; Motor Skills Disorders/physiopathology ; Parkinson Disease/diagnosis ; Parkinson Disease/epidemiology ; Parkinson Disease/physiopathology ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1311489-x
    ISSN 1873-5126 ; 1353-8020
    ISSN (online) 1873-5126
    ISSN 1353-8020
    DOI 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.04.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Haematopoietic cells produce BDNF and regulate appetite upon migration to the hypothalamus.

    Urabe, Hiroshi / Kojima, Hideto / Chan, Lawrence / Terashima, Tomoya / Ogawa, Nobuhiro / Katagi, Miwako / Fujino, Kazunori / Kumagai, Asako / Kawai, Hiromichi / Asakawa, Akihiro / Inui, Akio / Yasuda, Hitoshi / Eguchi, Yutaka / Oka, Kazuhiro / Maegawa, Hiroshi / Kashiwagi, Atsunori / Kimura, Hiroshi

    Nature communications

    2012  Volume 4, Page(s) 1526

    Abstract: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) suppresses food intake by acting on neurons in the hypothalamus. Here we show that BDNF-producing haematopoietic cells control appetite and energy balance by migrating to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. ... ...

    Abstract Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) suppresses food intake by acting on neurons in the hypothalamus. Here we show that BDNF-producing haematopoietic cells control appetite and energy balance by migrating to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. These haematopoietic-derived paraventricular nucleus cells produce microglial markers and make direct contacts with neurons in response to feeding status. Mice with congenital BDNF deficiency, specifically in haematopoietic cells, develop hyperphagia, obesity and insulin resistance. These abnormalities are ameliorated by bone marrow transplantation with wild-type bone marrow cells. Furthermore, when injected into the third ventricle, wild-type bone marrow mononuclear cells home to the paraventricular nucleus and reverse the hyperphagia of BDNF-deficient mice. Our results suggest a novel mechanism of feeding control based on the production of BDNF by haematopoietic cells and highlight a potential new therapeutic route for the treatment of obesity.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Appetite/drug effects ; Body Weight/drug effects ; Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects ; Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells/pathology ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/administration & dosage ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/deficiency ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/pharmacology ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Drinking Behavior/drug effects ; Fasting/metabolism ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects ; Gene Deletion ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/drug effects ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/pathology ; Hyperphagia/complications ; Hyperphagia/pathology ; Hyperphagia/physiopathology ; Hypothalamus/drug effects ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Hypothalamus/pathology ; Hypothalamus/ultrastructure ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Microglia/drug effects ; Microglia/metabolism ; Microglia/pathology ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/pathology ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Organ Specificity/drug effects ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/drug effects ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/metabolism ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/pathology ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/ultrastructure
    Chemical Substances Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-12-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/ncomms2536
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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