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  1. Article ; Online: What Makes Things Funny? An Integrative Review of the Antecedents of Laughter and Amusement.

    Warren, Caleb / Barsky, Adam / McGraw, A Peter

    Personality and social psychology review : an official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc

    2020  Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 41–65

    Abstract: Despite the broad importance of humor, psychologists do not agree on the basic elements that cause people to experience laughter, amusement, and the perception that something is funny. There are more than 20 distinct psychological theories that propose ... ...

    Abstract Despite the broad importance of humor, psychologists do not agree on the basic elements that cause people to experience laughter, amusement, and the perception that something is funny. There are more than 20 distinct psychological theories that propose appraisals that characterize humor appreciation. Most of these theories leverage a subset of five potential antecedents of humor appreciation: surprise, simultaneity, superiority, a violation appraisal, and conditions that facilitate a benign appraisal. We evaluate each antecedent against the existing empirical evidence and find that simultaneity, violation, and benign appraisals all help distinguish humorous from nonhumorous experiences, but surprise and superiority do not. Our review helps organize a disconnected literature, dispel popular but inaccurate ideas, offers a framework for future research, and helps answer three long-standing questions about humor: what conditions predict laughter and amusement, what are the adaptive benefits of humor, and why do different people think vastly different things are humorous?
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Psychological ; Humans ; Laughter ; Leisure Activities ; Social Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2022092-3
    ISSN 1532-7957 ; 1088-8683
    ISSN (online) 1532-7957
    ISSN 1088-8683
    DOI 10.1177/1088868320961909
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Dual-Lifetime Referencing (

    Chen, Wan-Har / Armstrong, Evelyn / Dillingham, Peter W / Moratti, Stephen C / Ennis, Courtney / McGraw, Christina M

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 21

    Abstract: The pH behavior in the μm to cm thick diffusion boundary layer (DBL) surrounding many aquatic species is dependent on light-controlled metabolic activities. This DBL microenvironment exhibits different pH behavior to bulk seawater, which can reduce the ... ...

    Abstract The pH behavior in the μm to cm thick diffusion boundary layer (DBL) surrounding many aquatic species is dependent on light-controlled metabolic activities. This DBL microenvironment exhibits different pH behavior to bulk seawater, which can reduce the exposure of calcifying species to ocean acidification conditions. A low-cost time-domain dual-lifetime referencing (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-31
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s23218865
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: A survey of turfgrass irrigation water quality in Pennsylvania

    Landschoot, Peter James / Spargo, John / McGraw, Benjamin A.

    Crop, forage & turfgrass management. 2022, v. 8, no. 1

    2022  

    Abstract: Surveys of irrigation water reveal important information about water quality in different geographic regions and can serve as a reference to compare with individual samples submitted to labs. This survey aimed to establish a baseline profile of turfgrass ...

    Abstract Surveys of irrigation water reveal important information about water quality in different geographic regions and can serve as a reference to compare with individual samples submitted to labs. This survey aimed to establish a baseline profile of turfgrass irrigation water quality from nonamended and noneffluent sources in Pennsylvania that can be compared with water quality data from other geographic regions and future surveys in the Mid‐Atlantic region, and to improve test report guidelines for samples submitted to labs. The survey was conducted between fall 2007 and spring 2019 and included 190 irrigation water samples. Samples were analyzed at Penn State's Agricultural Analytical Services Laboratory (PSAASL) for pH, alkalinity, hardness, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, sodium absorption ratio, bicarbonate, carbonate, residual sodium carbonate, nitrate‐N, ammonium‐N, and 13 elements. The results showed acceptable irrigation water quality according to published guidelines, with some exceptions, which included high (and potentially problematic) values for sodium, total dissolved solids, and sulfur, but these represented ≤10% of the samples. According to the results, most normal ranges and upper limits for the quality parameters of turfgrass irrigation water should be similar to those currently listed in PSAASL reports. However, the normal ranges for pH, alkalinity, and bicarbonate should be expanded to account for the numerous water samples (> 45%) that exceeded the maximum range listed in test reports. The normal range and upper limit of nitrate‐N should be lowered in PSAASL reports to reflect the results and concerns about environmental and health‐related effects.
    Keywords absorption ; alkalinity ; ammonium nitrogen ; bicarbonates ; electrical conductivity ; forage ; irrigation water ; nitrate nitrogen ; pH ; sodium ; sodium carbonate ; sulfur ; surveys ; test reports ; turf grasses ; turf management ; Mid-Atlantic region ; Pennsylvania
    Language English
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ISSN 2374-3832
    DOI 10.1002/cft2.20157
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Book: A thirsty land

    McGraw, Seamus

    the making of an American water crisis

    (Peter T. Flawn series in natural resources ; number 9)

    2018  

    Abstract: Pipe dreams, the 1968 state water plan -- When mine is yours and yours is ours -- "That's the kind of thinking that will get your land took from you" -- The last straw -- Rice in the desert -- What makes the dollar flip -- Dow by law -- An oak with its ... ...

    Author's details Seamus McGraw
    Series title Peter T. Flawn series in natural resources ; number 9
    Abstract Pipe dreams, the 1968 state water plan -- When mine is yours and yours is ours -- "That's the kind of thinking that will get your land took from you" -- The last straw -- Rice in the desert -- What makes the dollar flip -- Dow by law -- An oak with its roots in the river, redux -- Old men shouting at the clouds -- A tale of two colonias -- Up against the wall -- Finding a solution, come hell or no water -- Must be something in the water -- Hanged in a fortnight -- Epilogue
    Keywords Water resources development/Environmental aspects ; Water resources development/Government policy ; Water resources development ; Water-supply/Political aspects ; Water-supply/Social aspects ; Water-supply/Management ; Wasserversorgung ; Wasserpolitik ; Gewässerschutz ; Dürre ; Überschwemmung ; Katastrophenschutz ; Texas ; USA
    Language English
    Size 277 Seiten, Illustrationen
    Edition First edition
    Document type Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references and index
    ISBN 9781477310311 ; 9781477316801 ; 9781477316818 ; 1477310312 ; 1477316809 ; 1477316817
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  5. Article ; Online: Semi-Automated Data Analysis for Ion-Selective Electrodes and Arrays Using the R Package ISEtools.

    Dillingham, Peter W / Alsaedi, Basim S O / Radu, Aleksandar / McGraw, Christina M

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2019  Volume 19, Issue 20

    Abstract: A new software package, ...

    Abstract A new software package,
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s19204544
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: A review of human resource development trends and practices in Australia

    McGraw, Peter

    Advances in developing human resources : ADHR Vol. 16, No. 1 , p. 92-107

    multinationals, locals, and responses to economic turbulence

    2014  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 92–107

    Author's details Peter McGraw
    Keywords human resource development ; economic turbulence ; Australia ; multinational companies
    Language English
    Publisher Sage Publ.
    Publishing place Thousand Oaks, Calif.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2211958-9 ; 2049457-9
    ISSN 1523-4223 ; 1523-4223
    ISSN (online) 1523-4223
    ISSN 1523-4223
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  7. Book: A thirsty land

    McGraw, Seamus

    the making of an American water crisis

    (Peter T. Flawn series in natural resources ; number nine)

    2018  

    Abstract: ... of resources, water. Seamus McGraw goes to the taproots, talking to farmers, ranchers, businesspeople, and citizen ...

    Title variant Making of an American water crisis
    Author's details Seamus McGraw
    Series title Peter T. Flawn series in natural resources
    number nine
    Abstract "As a changing climate threatens the whole country with deeper droughts and more furious floods that put ever more people and property at risk, Texas has become a bellwether state for water debates. Will there be enough water for everyone? Is there the will to take the steps necessary to defend ourselves against the sea? Is it in the nature of Americans to adapt to nature in flux? The most comprehensive--and comprehensible--book on contemporary water issues, A Thirsty Land delves deep into the challenges faced not just by Texas but by the nation as a whole, as we struggle to find a way to balance the changing forces of nature with our own ever-expanding needs. Part history, part science, part adventure story, and part travelogue, this book puts a human face on the struggle to master that most precious and capricious of resources, water. Seamus McGraw goes to the taproots, talking to farmers, ranchers, businesspeople, and citizen activists, as well as to politicians and government employees. Their stories provide chilling evidence that Texas--and indeed the nation--is not ready for the next devastating drought, the next catastrophic flood. Ultimately, however, A Thirsty Land delivers hope. This deep dive into one of the most vexing challenges facing Texas and the nation offers glimpses of the way forward in the untapped opportunities that water also presents"--Publisher's website.
    Keywords Water resources development ; Water resources development/Government policy ; Water resources development/Environmental aspects ; Water-supply/Social aspects ; Water-supply/Political aspects ; Water-supply/Management. ; Water resources development. ; Water resources development/Environmental aspects. ; Water resources development/Government policy. ; Water-supply/Political aspects. ; Water-supply/Social aspects. ; Texas.
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-2018
    Size 277 :, maps ;, 24 cm
    Edition First edition.
    Document type Book
    ISBN 9781477310311 ; 1477310312 ; 9781477316801 ; 9781477316818 ; 1477316809 ; 1477316817
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Human resource development in Australia and New Zealand

    McGraw, Peter / Kramar, Robin

    Global human resource development : regional and country perspectives , p. 19-38

    2016  , Page(s) 19–38

    Author's details Peter McGraw and Robin Kramar
    Language English
    Publisher Routledge
    Publishing place New York
    Document type Article
    ISBN 0-415-73722-2 ; 978-0-415-73722-7
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  9. Article ; Online: Differentiating what is humorous from what is not.

    Warren, Caleb / McGraw, A Peter

    Journal of personality and social psychology

    2016  Volume 110, Issue 3, Page(s) 407–430

    Abstract: After 2.5 millennia of philosophical deliberation and psychological experimentation, most scholars have concluded that humor arises from incongruity. We highlight 2 limitations of incongruity theories of humor. First, incongruity is not consistently ... ...

    Abstract After 2.5 millennia of philosophical deliberation and psychological experimentation, most scholars have concluded that humor arises from incongruity. We highlight 2 limitations of incongruity theories of humor. First, incongruity is not consistently defined. The literature describes incongruity in at least 4 ways: surprise, juxtaposition, atypicality, and a violation. Second, regardless of definition, incongruity alone does not adequately differentiate humorous from nonhumorous experiences. We suggest revising incongruity theory by proposing that humor arises from a benign violation: something that threatens a person's well-being, identity, or normative belief structure but that simultaneously seems okay. Six studies, which use entertainment, consumer products, and social interaction as stimuli, reveal that the benign violation hypothesis better differentiates humorous from nonhumorous experiences than common conceptualizations of incongruity. A benign violation conceptualization of humor improves accuracy by reducing the likelihood that joyous, amazing, and tragic situations are inaccurately predicted to be humorous. (PsycINFO Database Record
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Emotions ; Female ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Thinking ; Wit and Humor as Topic/psychology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3103-3
    ISSN 1939-1315 ; 0022-3514
    ISSN (online) 1939-1315
    ISSN 0022-3514
    DOI 10.1037/pspi0000041
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Clinical investigation plan for the use of interactive binocular treatment (I-BiT) for the management of anisometropic, strabismic and mixed amblyopia in children aged 3.5-12 years: a randomised controlled trial.

    Brown, Rebecca / Blanchfield, Peter / Fakis, Apostolos / McGraw, Paul / Foss, Alexander J E

    Trials

    2019  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 437

    Abstract: Background: Amblyopia (lazy eye) affects the vision of approximately 2% of all children. Traditional treatment consists of wearing a patch over their 'good' eye for a number of hours daily, over several months. This treatment is unpopular and compliance ...

    Abstract Background: Amblyopia (lazy eye) affects the vision of approximately 2% of all children. Traditional treatment consists of wearing a patch over their 'good' eye for a number of hours daily, over several months. This treatment is unpopular and compliance is often low. Therefore, results can be poor. I-BiT is a system, based on stereo technology using shutter glasses, designed to treat amblyopia using dichoptic stimulation. This trial uses a redesigned system for home use and includes eye-tracking capability.
    Methods/design: This is a randomised controlled trial involving three groups of 40 patients each, aged between 3.5 and 12 years, with a diagnosis of (1) anisometropic amblyopia, (2) mixed or strabismic amblyopia prior to strabismic surgery and (3) mixed or strabismic amblyopia who have just undergone strabismus surgery. They will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio between I-BiT and control and will receive treatment, at home over a 6-week period. Their visual acuity will be assessed independently at baseline, mid-treatment (week 3), at the end of treatment (week 6) and, for those receiving the active I-BiT treatment, 4 weeks after completing treatment (week 10). The primary endpoint will be the change in visual acuity from baseline to the end of treatment. Secondary endpoints will be additional visual acuity measures, patient acceptability, compliance and the incidence of adverse events.
    Discussion: This is a randomised controlled trial using the redesigned I-BiT™ system to determine if this is a feasible treatment strategy for the management of anisometropic, strabismic and mixed amblyopia.
    Trial registration: ISRCTN Number/Clinical trials.gov, ID: NCT02810847 . Registered on 23 June 2016.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Amblyopia/diagnosis ; Amblyopia/physiopathology ; Amblyopia/therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; England ; Equipment Design ; Eyeglasses ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Multicenter Studies as Topic ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Recovery of Function ; Sensory Deprivation ; Strabismus/diagnosis ; Strabismus/physiopathology ; Strabismus/therapy ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Video Games ; Vision, Binocular ; Visual Acuity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2040523-6
    ISSN 1745-6215 ; 1468-6694 ; 1468-6708
    ISSN (online) 1745-6215 ; 1468-6694
    ISSN 1468-6708
    DOI 10.1186/s13063-019-3523-0
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