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Book ; Conference proceedings: Low molecular weight heparins

Samama, Meyer M.

new insights ; a satellite symposium of the 11th International Congress on Thrombosis, Ljubljana, June 27, 1990

(Thrombosis research : Supplement ; 14)

1991

Event/congress	International Congress on Thrombosis (11, 1990, Ljubljana)
Author's details	ed. by M. M. Samama
Series title	Thrombosis research : Supplement ; 14 Thrombosis research Thrombosis research ; Supplement
Collection	Thrombosis research Thrombosis research ; Supplement
Keywords	Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / congresses
Language	English
Size	62 S. : graph. Darst.
Publisher	Pergamon Pr
Publishing place	New York u.a.
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book ; Conference proceedings
HBZ-ID	HT003888179
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Zs A 863 -Suppl.14-	verfügbar in Königswinter	Königswinter

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Article ; Online: Management of severe peri-operative bleeding: Guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care: Second update 2022.

Kietaibl, Sibylle / Ahmed, Aamer / Afshari, Arash / Albaladejo, Pierre / Aldecoa, Cesar / Barauskas, Giedrius / De Robertis, Edoardo / Faraoni, David / Filipescu, Daniela C / Fries, Dietmar / Godier, Anne / Haas, Thorsten / Jacob, Matthias / Lancé, Marcus D / Llau, Juan V / Meier, Jens / Molnar, Zsolt / Mora, Lidia / Rahe-Meyer, Niels /

Samama, Charles M / Scarlatescu, Ecaterina / Schlimp, Christoph / Wikkelsø, Anne J / Zacharowski, Kai

European journal of anaesthesiology

2023 Volume 40, Issue 4, Page(s) 226–304

Abstract: Background: Management of peri-operative bleeding is complex and involves multiple assessment tools and strategies to ensure optimal patient care with the goal of reducing morbidity and mortality. These updated guidelines from the European Society of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Management of peri-operative bleeding is complex and involves multiple assessment tools and strategies to ensure optimal patient care with the goal of reducing morbidity and mortality. These updated guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) aim to provide an evidence-based set of recommendations for healthcare professionals to help ensure improved clinical management. Design: A systematic literature search from 2015 to 2021 of several electronic databases was performed without language restrictions. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies and to formulate recommendations. A Delphi methodology was used to prepare a clinical practice guideline. Results: These searches identified 137 999 articles. All articles were assessed, and the existing 2017 guidelines were revised to incorporate new evidence. Sixteen recommendations derived from the systematic literature search, and four clinical guidances retained from previous ESAIC guidelines were formulated. Using the Delphi process on 253 sentences of guidance, strong consensus (>90% agreement) was achieved in 97% and consensus (75 to 90% agreement) in 3%. Discussion: Peri-operative bleeding management encompasses the patient's journey from the pre-operative state through the postoperative period. Along this journey, many features of the patient's pre-operative coagulation status, underlying comorbidities, general health and the procedures that they are undergoing need to be taken into account. Due to the many important aspects in peri-operative nontrauma bleeding management, guidance as to how best approach and treat each individual patient are key. Understanding which therapeutic approaches are most valuable at each timepoint can only enhance patient care, ensuring the best outcomes by reducing blood loss and, therefore, overall morbidity and mortality. Conclusion: All healthcare professionals involved in the management of patients at risk for surgical bleeding should be aware of the current therapeutic options and approaches that are available to them. These guidelines aim to provide specific guidance for bleeding management in a variety of clinical situations.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Anesthesiology ; Critical Care ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Awareness ; Consensus
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605770-6
ISSN	1365-2346 ; 0265-0215
ISSN (online)	1365-2346
ISSN	0265-0215
DOI	10.1097/EJA.0000000000001803
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Article: Les nouveaux antithrombotiques.

Meyer Samama, M

Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983)

2005 Volume 34, Issue 18, Page(s) 1309–1314

Abstract: Current antithrombotic agents include anticoagulants (unfractionated and low-molecular-weight heparin, and antivitamin K) and platelet aggregation inhibitors (aspirin, ticlopidine, clopidogrel). Two areas are under particular investigation: specific ... ...

Title translation	The new antithrombotic agents.
Abstract	Current antithrombotic agents include anticoagulants (unfractionated and low-molecular-weight heparin, and antivitamin K) and platelet aggregation inhibitors (aspirin, ticlopidine, clopidogrel). Two areas are under particular investigation: specific inhibition, direct or indirect, of factor Xa and factor IIa. Pentasaccharide, an indirect anti-Xa, has proved effective in curing deep-vein thrombosis and more effective than enoxaparin for prophylactic treatment after orthopedic surgery. Administered in a single subcutaneous injection daily, it has no risk of thrombocytopenia; laboratory surveillance is based on anti-Xa activity. Hirudin and melagatran act by direct thrombin inhibition. Unlike hirudin (which requires monitoring of active coagulation time or ecarin clotting time), melagatran requires no laboratory monitoring. It is not associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage. But there is no true antidote at this time. If its efficacy is confirmed, ximelagatran, the orally active prodrug of melagatran, may facilitate the long-term treatment now reserved for antivitamin K. Three antagonists of the tissue factor-factor VIIa complex are also under development: rNAPc2 (Recombinant Nematode Anticoagulant Protein C2), ASIS (Active Site Inhibitor Factor Seven) and recombinant TFPI (Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor). Antiplatelet drugs are the reference antithrombotic agents for the prevention and treatment of arterial thrombosis. Aspirin remains in first place (75 to 300 mg/d) but the modest superiority of the thienopyridines (clopidogrel and ticlopidine) is established. Hemogram monitoring is no longer necessary for clopidogrel. Use of aspirin + a thienopyridine after placement of a coronary stent has been validated. Laboratory monitoring of antiplatelet treatments has not been codified.
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Oral ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Anticoagulants/administration & dosage ; Anticoagulants/pharmacology ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Aspirin/pharmacology ; Aspirin/therapeutic use ; Azetidines/administration & dosage ; Azetidines/pharmacology ; Azetidines/therapeutic use ; Benzylamines ; Clopidogrel ; Fibrinolytic Agents/administration & dosage ; Fibrinolytic Agents/pharmacology ; Fibrinolytic Agents/therapeutic use ; Glycine/administration & dosage ; Glycine/analogs & derivatives ; Glycine/pharmacology ; Glycine/therapeutic use ; Hirudins/administration & dosage ; Hirudins/pharmacology ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/administration & dosage ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Polysaccharides/administration & dosage ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology ; Polysaccharides/therapeutic use ; Prodrugs ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Stents ; Thrombosis/drug therapy ; Thrombosis/prevention & control ; Ticlopidine/administration & dosage ; Ticlopidine/analogs & derivatives ; Ticlopidine/pharmacology ; Ticlopidine/therapeutic use ; Time Factors ; Venous Thrombosis/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants ; Azetidines ; Benzylamines ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; Hirudins ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; Polysaccharides ; Prodrugs ; melagatran (2A9QP32MD4) ; ximelagatran (49HFB70472) ; Clopidogrel (A74586SNO7) ; Ticlopidine (OM90ZUW7M1) ; Aspirin (R16CO5Y76E) ; Glycine (TE7660XO1C)
Language	French
Publishing date	2005-10-15
Publishing country	France
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	120943-7
ISSN	2213-0276 ; 0755-4982 ; 0032-7867 ; 0301-1518
ISSN (online)	2213-0276
ISSN	0755-4982 ; 0032-7867 ; 0301-1518
DOI	10.1016/s0755-4982(05)84179-x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 794: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Laboratory assessment of new anticoagulants.

Samama, Meyer M / Guinet, Céline

Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine

2011 Volume 49, Issue 5, Page(s) 761–772

Abstract: With the introduction of new anticoagulant agents, there is a need for information on which coagulation tests are most suitable. These agents react differently to assays used to monitor older anticoagulant agents because they have alternative modes of ... ...

Abstract	With the introduction of new anticoagulant agents, there is a need for information on which coagulation tests are most suitable. These agents react differently to assays used to monitor older anticoagulant agents because they have alternative modes of action. Therefore, other tests, or modifications of existing tests which are more appropriate for newer agents, are needed. The prothrombin time test (with conversion to the international normalized ratio) is usually used to monitor warfarin. However, conversion to the international normalized ratio is not appropriate for measuring the effects of fondaparinux, dabigatran, rivaroxaban or apixaban. Instead, chromogenic assays, one-step prothrombinase-induced clotting time test and the HepTest with reduced incubation time, are among the different or modified tests that appear to give the most reproducible and accurate results. The tests show variations in response to anticoagulants - some of which have clinical relevance. Thus, it is important to be aware of the observed variations in order to prevent the misinterpretation of test results.
MeSH term(s)	Anticoagulants/pharmacology ; Blood Coagulation/drug effects ; Blood Coagulation Tests ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-05
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1418007-8
ISSN	1437-4331 ; 1434-6621 ; 1437-8523
ISSN (online)	1437-4331
ISSN	1434-6621 ; 1437-8523
DOI	10.1515/CCLM.2011.134
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Article ; Online: Ex vivo reversal of the anticoagulant effects of edoxaban.

Halim, Abdel-Baset / Samama, Meyer M / Mendell, Jeanne

Thrombosis research

2014 Volume 134, Issue 4, Page(s) 909–913

Abstract: Introduction: Edoxaban is an oral, once-daily direct factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor. Although rapidly cleared, strategies to reverse edoxaban-mediated effects on anticoagulation are needed in cases of excessive bleeding or emergency. This study evaluated the ...

Abstract	Introduction: Edoxaban is an oral, once-daily direct factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor. Although rapidly cleared, strategies to reverse edoxaban-mediated effects on anticoagulation are needed in cases of excessive bleeding or emergency. This study evaluated the effect of two prohemostatic agents, recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) and factor VIII inhibitor bypass activity (FEIBA), on the anticoagulatory effects of supratherapeutic concentrations of edoxaban in human whole blood ex vivo. Materials and methods: Blood samples were collected from six healthy volunteers. Edoxaban (500 or 1000 ng/mL), alone or followed by rFVIIa (0.8 or 1.8μg/mL) or FEIBA (0.75 or 1.5 U/mL), was added to an aliquot of each sample. Biomarkers, including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), extrinsic FXa activity (anti-FXa), intrinsic factor X activity, and D-dimer, were assessed at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 hours after adding rFVIIa or FEIBA. Results: Decreases in measures of PT (p<0.0001), aPTT (p<0.0001), and anti-FXa (p<0.0001) were observed when rFVIIa or FEIBA was added to edoxaban-containing blood samples. Intrinsic FX activity was increased up to 20% and 31% of normal in the presence of edoxaban by rFVIIa and FEIBA, respectively. The impact of these agents on the anticoagulant effects of edoxaban were observed within 15 minutes and remained relatively unchanged at each timepoint thereafter. Conclusions: The findings of this ex vivo study suggest that rFVIIa and FEIBA rapidly reversed edoxaban-mediated anticoagulation effects based on PT and aPTT, but had minimal effect based on intrinsic FX activity. No dose response was observed for rFVIIa or FEIBA.
MeSH term(s)	Anticoagulants/pharmacology ; Blood Coagulation/drug effects ; Blood Coagulation Factors/pharmacology ; Factor VIIa/pharmacology ; Hemostatics/pharmacology ; Humans ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Prothrombin Time ; Pyridines/pharmacology ; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology ; Thiazoles/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants ; Blood Coagulation Factors ; Hemostatics ; Pyridines ; Recombinant Proteins ; Thiazoles ; recombinant FVIIa (AC71R787OV) ; anti-inhibitor coagulant complex (CS849DUN3M) ; Factor VIIa (EC 3.4.21.21) ; edoxaban (NDU3J18APO)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	121852-9
ISSN	1879-2472 ; 0049-3848
ISSN (online)	1879-2472
ISSN	0049-3848
DOI	10.1016/j.thromres.2014.07.036
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Zs.A 863: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Extended Anticoagulant Treatment with Full- or Reduced-Dose Apixaban in Patients with Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism: Rationale and Design of the API-CAT Study.

Mahé, Isabelle / Agnelli, Giancarlo / Ay, Cihan / Bamias, Aristotelis / Becattini, Cecilia / Carrier, Marc / Chapelle, Céline / Cohen, Alexander T / Girard, Philippe / Huisman, Menno V / Klok, Frederikus A / López-Núñez, Juan J / Maraveyas, Anthony / Mayeur, Didier / Mir, Olivier / Monreal, Manuel / Righini, Marc / Samama, Charles M / Syrigos, Kostas /

Szmit, Sebastian / Torbicki, Adam / Verhamme, Peter / Vicaut, Eric / Wang, Tzu-Fei / Meyer, Guy / Laporte, Silvy

Thrombosis and haemostasis

2021 Volume 122, Issue 4, Page(s) 646–656

Abstract: Cancer-associated thrombosis (CT) is associated with a high risk of recurrent venous thromboembolic (VTE) events that require extended anticoagulation in patients with active cancer, putting them at risk of bleeding. The aim of the API-CAT study ( ... ...

Abstract	Cancer-associated thrombosis (CT) is associated with a high risk of recurrent venous thromboembolic (VTE) events that require extended anticoagulation in patients with active cancer, putting them at risk of bleeding. The aim of the API-CAT study (NCT03692065) is to assess whether a reduced-dose regimen of apixaban (2.5 mg twice daily [bid]) is noninferior to a full-dose regimen of apixaban (5 mg bid) for the prevention of recurrent VTE in patients with active cancer who have completed ≥6 months of anticoagulant therapy for a documented index event of proximal deep-vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism. API-CAT is an international, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, noninferiority trial with blinded adjudication of outcome events. Consecutive patients are randomized to receive apixaban 2.5 or 5 mg bid for 12 months. The primary efficacy outcome is a composite of recurrent symptomatic or incidental VTE during the treatment period. The principal safety endpoint is clinically relevant bleeding, defined as a composite of major bleeding or nonmajor clinically relevant bleeding. Assuming a 12-month incidence of the primary outcome of 4% with apixaban and an upper limit of the two-sided 95% confidence interval of the hazard ratio <2.0, 1,722 patients will be randomized, assuming an up to 10% loss in total patient-years (β = 80%; α one-sided = 0.025). This trial has the potential to demonstrate that a regimen of extended treatment for patients with CT beyond an initial 6 months, with a reduced apixaban dose, has an acceptable risk of recurrent VTE recurrence and decreases the risk of bleeding.
MeSH term(s)	Anticoagulants/adverse effects ; Hemorrhage/epidemiology ; Humans ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Pyrazoles ; Pyridones/adverse effects ; Venous Thromboembolism/diagnosis ; Venous Thromboembolism/drug therapy ; Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants ; Pyrazoles ; Pyridones ; apixaban (3Z9Y7UWC1J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-05
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	518294-3
ISSN	2567-689X ; 0340-6245
ISSN (online)	2567-689X
ISSN	0340-6245
DOI	10.1055/a-1647-9896
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Uh III Zs.192: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 433: Show issues

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Book: Hémorragies et thromboses

Samama, Meyer M

du diagnostic au traitement

(Abrégés)

2004

Author's details	comité de coordination Hôtel-Dieu, M.M. Samama ... [et al.]
Series title	Abrégés
MeSH term(s)	Hemorrhagic Disorders ; Hematologic Diseases ; Thrombosis
Language	French
Size	xxv, 427 p. :, ill.
Publisher	Masson
Publishing place	Paris
Document type	Book
ISBN	9782225856686 ; 2225856680
Database	Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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Article ; Online: Risk assessment models for thromboprophylaxis of medical patients.

Samama, Meyer M / Combe, Sophie / Conard, Jacqueline / Horellou, Marie-Helene

Thrombosis research

2012 Volume 129, Issue 2, Page(s) 127–132

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care)/methods ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Risk Assessment/methods ; Risk Factors ; Thrombosis/epidemiology ; Thrombosis/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review
ZDB-ID	121852-9
ISSN	1879-2472 ; 0049-3848
ISSN (online)	1879-2472
ISSN	0049-3848
DOI	10.1016/j.thromres.2011.09.025
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Article: Does ambulation modify venous thromboembolism risk in acutely ill medical patients?

Amin, Alpesh N / Girard, Frederick / Samama, Meyer M

Thrombosis and haemostasis

2010 Volume 104, Issue 5, Page(s) 955–961

Abstract: In the US, ambulatory status is often a criterion for stopping prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE). In an analysis of the prophylaxis in MEDical patients with ENOXaparin (MEDENOX) trial, ambulatory status was assessed as outcome and patients ... ...

Abstract	In the US, ambulatory status is often a criterion for stopping prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE). In an analysis of the prophylaxis in MEDical patients with ENOXaparin (MEDENOX) trial, ambulatory status was assessed as outcome and patients grouped accordingly for further analysis. Rates of VTE and bleeding were evaluated. Using multivariate logistic regression, the relationships between thromboprophylaxis, VTE risk, and ambulatory status were assessed. Ambulatory status was reached in 607/1,084 patients, in a mean time of 4.4 days. Thromboprophylaxis was provided for 7.3 and 7.7 days in the ambulatory and non-ambulatory groups. Although VTE rates were lower in ambulatory patients, enoxaparin 40 mg once daily significantly reduced the risk of VTE vs. placebo in ambulatory (3.3% vs. 10.6%; relative risk [RR] = 0.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13-0.78; p=0.008) and non-ambulatory patients (9.0% vs. 19.7%; RR = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.23-0.91; p=0.02). Major bleeding was not significantly different between enoxaparin and placebo in either group. By multivariate regression analysis, VTE risk in ambulatory patients was lower with enoxaparin vs. placebo (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.11-0.74; p=0.01), but higher in patients with a history of VTE (OR = 3.74; 95% CI, 1.59-8.84; p=0.003) or cancer (OR = 2.12; 95% CI, 1.00-4.48; p=0.049). Despite timely mobilisation, patients who become ambulatory are at VTE risk and experience a significant risk reduction with enoxaparin 40 mg. Therefore, it is essential that ambulatory patients receive recommended thromboprophylaxis.
MeSH term(s)	Acute Disease ; Anticoagulants/administration & dosage ; Anticoagulants/adverse effects ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Enoxaparin/administration & dosage ; Enoxaparin/adverse effects ; Fibrinolytic Agents/administration & dosage ; Fibrinolytic Agents/adverse effects ; Guideline Adherence ; Hemorrhage/chemically induced ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Odds Ratio ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors ; Venous Thromboembolism/etiology ; Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control ; Walking
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants ; Enoxaparin ; Fibrinolytic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-11
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	518294-3
ISSN	0340-6245
ISSN	0340-6245
DOI	10.1160/TH10-04-0236
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Zs.MO 433: Show issues

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Article: Heterogeneity of synthetic factor Xa inhibitors.

Gerotziafas, Grigoris T / Samama, Meyer M

Current pharmaceutical design

2004 Volume 11, Issue 30, Page(s) 3855–3876

Abstract: Heparins and vitamin K antagonists are the landmarks of antithrombotic treatment. Both of them were discovered by serendipity; they are multi-targeted drugs and share several limitations. New molecules have been designed in order to be both more ... ...

Abstract	Heparins and vitamin K antagonists are the landmarks of antithrombotic treatment. Both of them were discovered by serendipity; they are multi-targeted drugs and share several limitations. New molecules have been designed in order to be both more selective concerning their biological target and more homogeneous in their biochemical structure aiming at an improved benefit/risk ratio in the treatment of thrombotic disease. In this article, we will review the pharmacological characteristics of the new synthetic direct or antithrombin dependent inhibitors of FXa in the light of the modern concept of blood coagulation process. We will also present the most recent data from the clinical trials with synthetic inhibitors of FXa. Among them, the synthetic pentasaccharide fondaparinux is the first synthetic and specific FXa inhibitor, which has been approved by health authorities in Europe and in the USA for the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in major orthopaedic surgery and is being approved for the treatment of pulmonary embolism and DVT as a single daily subcutaneous injection. The phase II dose-finding trial of the "meta-pentasaccharide" idraparinux administered subcutaneously once weekly in the secondary prevention of VTE has been completed. DX-9065a is the first direct synthetic inhibitor which has been studied in patients with coronary disease. Razaxaban, BAY59-7939, ZK-807834 and JTV-803 are orally active direct FXa inhibitors, which have been studied in phase II trials. Several other synthetic direct inhibitors of FXa (such as FXV673, YM60828, KFA-1411) are in a pre-clinical stage of research. From a clinical point of view, the results of recent trials with the synthetic specific FXa inhibitors clearly show that the inhibition of FXa is a critical point in the antithrombotic strategy.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biological Products/pharmacology ; Blood Coagulation/drug effects ; Blood Coagulation/physiology ; Carbohydrate Sequence ; Factor Xa Inhibitors ; Fibrinolytic Agents/chemical synthesis ; Fibrinolytic Agents/chemistry ; Fibrinolytic Agents/pharmacology ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Thrombin/antagonists & inhibitors
Chemical Substances	Biological Products ; Factor Xa Inhibitors ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; Thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-05-27
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1304236-1
ISSN	1873-4286 ; 1381-6128
ISSN (online)	1873-4286
ISSN	1381-6128
DOI	10.2174/138161205774580552
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