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Article ; Online: Control of coronary vascular cell fate in development and regeneration.

McCracken, Ian R / Smart, Nicola

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

2023 Volume 155, Issue Pt C, Page(s) 50–61

Abstract: The coronary vasculature consists of a complex hierarchal network of arteries, veins, and capillaries which collectively function to perfuse the myocardium. However, the pathways controlling the temporally and spatially restricted mechanisms underlying ... ...

Abstract	The coronary vasculature consists of a complex hierarchal network of arteries, veins, and capillaries which collectively function to perfuse the myocardium. However, the pathways controlling the temporally and spatially restricted mechanisms underlying the formation of this vascular network remain poorly understood. In recent years, the increasing use and refinement of transgenic mouse models has played an instrumental role in offering new insights into the cellular origins of the coronary vasculature, as well as identifying a continuum of transitioning cell states preceding the full maturation of the coronary vasculature. Coupled with the emergence of single cell RNA sequencing platforms, these technologies have begun to uncover the key regulatory factors mediating the convergence of distinct cellular origins to ensure the formation of a collectively functional, yet phenotypically diverse, vascular network. Furthermore, improved understanding of the key regulatory factors governing coronary vessel formation in the embryo may provide crucial clues into future therapeutic strategies to reactivate these developmentally functional mechanisms to drive the revascularisation of the ischaemic adult heart.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Coronary Vessels/metabolism ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics ; Heart ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Mice, Transgenic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1312473-0
ISSN	1096-3634 ; 1084-9521
ISSN (online)	1096-3634
ISSN	1084-9521
DOI	10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.08.005
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Article ; Online: Transcriptional regulators of arterial and venous identity in the developing mammalian embryo.

McCracken, Ian R / Baker, Andrew H / Smart, Nicola / De Val, Sarah

Current opinion in physiology

2024 Volume 35, Page(s) None

Abstract: The complex and hierarchical vascular network of arteries, veins, and capillaries features considerable endothelial heterogeneity, yet the regulatory pathways directing arteriovenous specification, differentiation, and identity are still not fully ... ...

Abstract	The complex and hierarchical vascular network of arteries, veins, and capillaries features considerable endothelial heterogeneity, yet the regulatory pathways directing arteriovenous specification, differentiation, and identity are still not fully understood. Recent advances in analysis of endothelial-specific gene-regulatory elements, single-cell RNA sequencing, and cell lineage tracing have both emphasized the importance of transcriptional regulation in this process and shed considerable light on the mechanism and regulation of specification within the endothelium. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how endothelial cells acquire arterial and venous identity and the role different transcription factors play in this process.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2918626-2
ISSN	2468-8673 ; 2468-8681
ISSN (online)	2468-8673
ISSN	2468-8681
DOI	10.1016/j.cophys.2023.100691
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Article ; Online: Geography, environment, and colonization history interact with morph type to shape genomic variation in an Arctic fish.

Salisbury, Sarah J / Perry, Robert / Keefe, Don / McCracken, Gregory R / Layton, Kara K S / Kess, Tony / Bradbury, Ian R / Ruzzante, Daniel E

Molecular ecology

2023 Volume 32, Issue 12, Page(s) 3025–3043

Abstract: Polymorphic species are useful models for investigating the evolutionary processes driving diversification. Such processes include colonization history as well as contemporary selection, gene flow, and genetic drift, which can vary between intraspecific ... ...

Abstract	Polymorphic species are useful models for investigating the evolutionary processes driving diversification. Such processes include colonization history as well as contemporary selection, gene flow, and genetic drift, which can vary between intraspecific morphs as a function of their distinct life histories. The interactive and relative influence of such evolutionary processes on morph differentiation critically informs morph-specific management decisions and our understanding of incipient speciation. We therefore investigated how geographic distance, environmental conditions, and colonization history interacted with morph migratory capacity in the highly polymorphic fish species, Arctic Charr (Salvelinus alpinus). Using an 87 k SNP chip we genetically characterized recently evolved anadromous, resident, and landlocked charr collected from 45 locations across a secondary contact zone of three charr glacial lineages in eastern Canada. A strong pattern of isolation by distance across all populations suggested geographic distance principally shaped genetic structure. Landlocked populations had lower genetic diversities and higher genetic differentiation than anadromous populations. However, effective population size was generally temporally stable in landlocked populations in comparison to anadromous populations. Genetic diversity positively correlated with latitude, potentially indicating southern anadromous populations' vulnerability to climate change and greater introgression between the Arctic and Atlantic glacial lineages in northern Labrador. Local adaptation was suggested by the observation of several environmental variables strongly associating with functionally relevant outlier genes including a region on chromosome AC21 potentially associated with anadromy. Our results demonstrate that gene flow, colonization history, and local adaptation uniquely interact to influence the genetic variation and evolutionary trajectory of populations.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Genetic Drift ; Geography ; Canada ; Genomics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1126687-9
ISSN	1365-294X ; 0962-1083
ISSN (online)	1365-294X
ISSN	0962-1083
DOI	10.1111/mec.16913
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Article ; Online: Access to episodic primary care: a cross-sectional comparison of walk-in clinics and urgent primary care centers in British Columbia.

McCracken, Mary A / Cooper, Ian R / Hamilton, Michee-Ana / Klimas, Jan / Lindsay, Cameron / Fletcher, Sarah / Price, Morgan / Hedden, Lindsay / McCracken, Rita K

Primary health care research & development

2023 Volume 24, Page(s) e66

Abstract: Aim: This study aimed to identify publicly reported access characteristics for episodic primary care in BC and provided a clinic-level comparison between walk-in clinics and UPCCs.: Background: Walk-in clinics are non-hospital-based primary care ... ...

Abstract	Aim: This study aimed to identify publicly reported access characteristics for episodic primary care in BC and provided a clinic-level comparison between walk-in clinics and UPCCs. Background: Walk-in clinics are non-hospital-based primary care facilities that are designed to operate without appointments and provide increased healthcare access with extended hours. Urgent and Primary Care Centres (UPCCs) were introduced to British Columbia (BC) in 2018 as an additional primary care resource that provided urgent, but not emergent care during extended hours. Methods: This cross-sectional study used publicly available data from all walk-in clinics and UPCCs in BC. A structured data collection form was used to record access characteristics from clinic websites, including business hours, weekend availability, attachment to a longitudinal family practice, and provision of virtual services. Findings: In total, 268 clinics were included in the analysis (243 walk-in clinics, 25 UPCCs). Of those, 225 walk-in clinics (92.6%) and two UPCCs (8.0%) were attached to a longitudinal family practice. Only 153 (63%) walk-in clinics offered weekend services, compared to 24 (96%) of UPCCs. Walk-in clinics offered the majority (8,968.6/ 78.4%) of their service hours between 08:00 and 17:00, Monday to Friday. UPCCs offered the majority (889.3/ 53.7%) of their service hours after 17:00. Conclusion: Most walk-in clinics were associated with a longitudinal family practice and provided the majority of clinic services during typical business hours. More research that includes patient characteristics and care outcomes, analyzed at the clinic level, may be useful to support the optimization of episodic primary healthcare delivery.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; British Columbia ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Family Practice ; Health Services Accessibility ; Primary Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2027892-5
ISSN	1477-1128 ; 1477-1128
ISSN (online)	1477-1128
ISSN	1477-1128
DOI	10.1017/S1463423623000580
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Article ; Online: Filming enhanced ionization in an ultrafast triatomic slingshot.

Howard, Andrew J / Britton, Mathew / Streeter, Zachary L / Cheng, Chuan / Forbes, Ruaridh / Reynolds, Joshua L / Allum, Felix / McCracken, Gregory A / Gabalski, Ian / Lucchese, Robert R / McCurdy, C William / Weinacht, Thomas / Bucksbaum, Philip H

Communications chemistry

2023 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 81

Abstract: Filming atomic motion within molecules is an active pursuit of molecular physics and quantum chemistry. A promising method is laser-induced Coulomb Explosion Imaging (CEI) where a laser pulse rapidly ionizes many electrons from a molecule, causing the ... ...

Abstract	Filming atomic motion within molecules is an active pursuit of molecular physics and quantum chemistry. A promising method is laser-induced Coulomb Explosion Imaging (CEI) where a laser pulse rapidly ionizes many electrons from a molecule, causing the remaining ions to undergo Coulomb repulsion. The ion momenta are used to reconstruct the molecular geometry which is tracked over time (i.e., filmed) by ionizing at an adjustable delay with respect to the start of interatomic motion. Results are distorted, however, by ultrafast motion during the ionizing pulse. We studied this effect in water and filmed the rapid "slingshot" motion that enhances ionization and distorts CEI results. Our investigation uncovered both the geometry and mechanism of the enhancement which may inform CEI experiments in many other polyatomic molecules.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2929562-2
ISSN	2399-3669 ; 2399-3669
ISSN (online)	2399-3669
ISSN	2399-3669
DOI	10.1038/s42004-023-00882-w
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Article: Diabetic Kidney Disease Prevention Care Model Development.

ElSayed, Nuha A / Bannuru, Raveendhara R / Bakris, George / Bardsley, Joan / de Boer, Ian H / Gabbay, Robert A / Gockerman, Janet / McCoy, Rozalina G / McCracken, Elaine / Neumiller, Joshua J / Pilla, Scott J / Rhee, Connie M

Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association

2023 Volume 42, Issue 2, Page(s) 274–294

Abstract: More than one-third of people with diabetes develop diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which substantially increases risks of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypoglycemia, death, and other adverse health outcomes. A multifaceted approach ... ...

Abstract	More than one-third of people with diabetes develop diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which substantially increases risks of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypoglycemia, death, and other adverse health outcomes. A multifaceted approach incorporating self-management education, lifestyle optimization, pharmacological intervention, CVD prevention, and psychosocial support is crucial to mitigate the onset and progression of DKD. The American Diabetes Association convened an expert panel to develop the DKD Prevention Model presented herein. This model addresses prevention and treatment, including screening guidelines, diagnostic tools, and management approaches; comprehensive, holistic interventions; well-defined roles for interdisciplinary health care professionals; community engagement; and future directions for research and policy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1025953-3
ISSN	0891-8929
ISSN	0891-8929
DOI	10.2337/cd23-0063
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Article ; Online: Productivity Decline or Administrative Avalanche? Examining Factors That Shape Changing Workloads in Primary Care.

Lavergne, Ruth / Peterson, Sandra / Rudoler, David / Scott, Ian / Mccracken, Rita / Mitra, Goldis / Katz, Alan

Healthcare policy = Politiques de sante

2023 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 114–129

Abstract: Background: In Canada, family physicians (FPs) per capita have increased but so have access challenges. We explored changes in population characteristics, service delivery and FP practice that may help understand these trends.: Methods: We used ... ...

Abstract	Background: In Canada, family physicians (FPs) per capita have increased but so have access challenges. We explored changes in population characteristics, service delivery and FP practice that may help understand these trends. Methods: We used linked administrative data in British Columbia to describe changes in patient ages and comorbidities, hospitalizations and receipt of services that may require FP coordination, review and/or follow-up: prescriptions dispensed, laboratory tests, diagnostic imaging (radiology and ultrasound), specialist visits and emergency department visits. We estimate the number of FPs delivering community-based comprehensive care and report changes in service volume per community-based FP visit. Results: Between 1999/2000 and 2017/2018, people experienced fewer days in hospital, but the number of treated comorbidities, day surgeries and other services requiring FP coordination increased over and above the expected levels attributed to population aging. While the total number of FPs per capita have increased, numbers in community-based care have not and visits per physician have fallen. Increases in services that may involve FP coordination per community-based FP visit ranged from 32.2% for diagnostic radiology to 122.1% for lab tests. Conclusion: Findings suggest substantially increased coordination workload per FP visit. Ongoing impacts of population aging and changing service delivery on primary care workload require further examination.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Avalanches ; Workload ; British Columbia ; Physicians, Family ; Primary Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-11
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1715-6580
ISSN (online)	1715-6580
DOI	10.12927/hcpol.2023.27152
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Article ; Online: Real-world evaluation of the Lucira Check-It COVID-19 loop-mediated amplification (LAMP) test.

Simms, Elizabeth / McCracken, Gregory R / Hatchette, Todd F / McNeil, Shelly A / Davis, Ian / Whelan, Noella / Keenan, Angela / LeBlanc, Jason J / Patriquin, Glenn

Microbiology spectrum

2023 Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) e0277223

Abstract: Importance: In hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic, laboratory testing was important to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmissions, while facilitating patient flow in the emergency department and pre-operative settings, and allowing for the safe return to work ... ...

Abstract	Importance: In hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic, laboratory testing was important to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmissions, while facilitating patient flow in the emergency department and pre-operative settings, and allowing for the safe return to work of exposed healthcare workers. Delayed test results from laboratory nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) posed a barrier to maximizing efficient patient flow and minimizing staffing shortages. This quality improvement project sought to evaluate the analytical and clinical performance of the Lucira Check-It COVID-19 Test, a point-of-care test that used NAAT technology, in the perioperative setting, emergency department, and community testing sites. We found the Lucira Check-It to have comparable performance to laboratory NAATs. It can be employed with little training for specimen collection, processing, and interpretation, and at a cost justifiable from the resources saved from avoiding sample transport and laboratory testing.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods ; COVID-19 Testing ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods ; Pandemics ; Sensitivity and Specificity
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2807133-5
ISSN	2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
ISSN (online)	2165-0497
ISSN	2165-0497
DOI	10.1128/spectrum.02772-23
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Article ; Online: Extracellular vesicles from differentiated stem cells contain novel proangiogenic miRNAs and induce angiogenic responses at low doses.

Kesidou, Despoina / Bennett, Matthew / Monteiro, João P / McCracken, Ian R / Klimi, Eftychia / Rodor, Julie / Condie, Alison / Cowan, Scott / Caporali, Andrea / Wit, Jan B M / Mountford, Joanne C / Brittan, Mairi / Beqqali, Abdelaziz / Baker, Andrew H

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy

2023 Volume 32, Issue 1, Page(s) 185–203

Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from healthy endothelial cells (ECs) have shown potential for promoting angiogenesis, but their therapeutic efficacy remains poorly understood. We have previously shown that transplantation of a human embryonic stem ... ...

Abstract	Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from healthy endothelial cells (ECs) have shown potential for promoting angiogenesis, but their therapeutic efficacy remains poorly understood. We have previously shown that transplantation of a human embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial cell product (hESC-ECP), promotes new vessel formation in acute ischemic disease in mice, likely via paracrine mechanism(s). Here, we demonstrated that EVs from hESC-ECPs (hESC-eEVs) significantly increased EC tube formation and wound closure in vitro at ultralow doses, whereas higher doses were ineffective. More important, EVs isolated from the mesodermal stage of the differentiation (hESC-mEVs) had no effect. Small RNA sequencing revealed that hESC-eEVs have a unique transcriptomic profile and are enriched in known proangiogenic microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs). Moreover, an in silico analysis identified three novel hESC-eEV-miRNAs with potential proangiogenic function. Differential expression analysis suggested that two of those, miR-4496 and miR-4691-5p, are highly enriched in hESC-eEVs. Overexpression of miR-4496 or miR-4691-5p resulted in increased EC tube formation and wound closure in vitro, validating the novel proangiogenic function of these miRNAs. In summary, we demonstrated that hESC-eEVs are potent inducers of EC angiogenic response at ultralow doses and contain a unique EV-associated miRNA repertoire, including miR-4496 and miR-4691-5p, with novel proangiogenic function.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Extracellular Vesicles/genetics ; Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Stem Cells/metabolism
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2010592-7
ISSN	1525-0024 ; 1525-0016
ISSN (online)	1525-0024
ISSN	1525-0016
DOI	10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.11.023
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Zs.A 5640: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Geography, environment, and colonization history interact with morph type to shape genomic variation in an Arctic fish

Salisbury, Sarah J. / Perry, Robert / Keefe, Don / McCracken, Gregory R. / Layton, Kara K. S. / Kess, Tony / Bradbury, Ian R. / Ruzzante, Daniel E.

Molecular Ecology. 2023 June, v. 32, no. 12 p.3025-3043

2023

Abstract	Polymorphic species are useful models for investigating the evolutionary processes driving diversification. Such processes include colonization history as well as contemporary selection, gene flow, and genetic drift, which can vary between intraspecific morphs as a function of their distinct life histories. The interactive and relative influence of such evolutionary processes on morph differentiation critically informs morph‐specific management decisions and our understanding of incipient speciation. We therefore investigated how geographic distance, environmental conditions, and colonization history interacted with morph migratory capacity in the highly polymorphic fish species, Arctic Charr (Salvelinus alpinus). Using an 87 k SNP chip we genetically characterized recently evolved anadromous, resident, and landlocked charr collected from 45 locations across a secondary contact zone of three charr glacial lineages in eastern Canada. A strong pattern of isolation by distance across all populations suggested geographic distance principally shaped genetic structure. Landlocked populations had lower genetic diversities and higher genetic differentiation than anadromous populations. However, effective population size was generally temporally stable in landlocked populations in comparison to anadromous populations. Genetic diversity positively correlated with latitude, potentially indicating southern anadromous populations' vulnerability to climate change and greater introgression between the Arctic and Atlantic glacial lineages in northern Labrador. Local adaptation was suggested by the observation of several environmental variables strongly associating with functionally relevant outlier genes including a region on chromosome AC21 potentially associated with anadromy. Our results demonstrate that gene flow, colonization history, and local adaptation uniquely interact to influence the genetic variation and evolutionary trajectory of populations.
Keywords	Salvelinus alpinus ; anadromous fish ; chromosomes ; climate change ; effective population size ; gene flow ; genetic drift ; genetic structure ; genetic variation ; incipient speciation ; introgression ; latitude ; migratory behavior ; secondary contact ; Arctic region ; Canada
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-06
Size	p. 3025-3043.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1126687-9
ISSN	1365-294X ; 0962-1083
ISSN (online)	1365-294X
ISSN	0962-1083
DOI	10.1111/mec.16913
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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