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Article: Isolated ipsilateral abducens nerve palsy and contralateral homonymous hemianopsia associated with unruptured posterior cerebral artery aneurysm: A rare neurological finding.

Mishra, Sandeep / Mishra, Saurav / Regmi, Sabina / Garg, Kanwaljeet / Gaikwad, Shailesh

Journal of cerebrovascular and endovascular neurosurgery

2024

Abstract: Cranial nerve palsies can be presenting signs of intracranial aneurysms. There is a classic pairing between an aneurysmal vessel and adjacent nerves leading to cranial neuropathy. Isolated abducens nerve palsy can be a localizing sign of an unruptured ... ...

Abstract	Cranial nerve palsies can be presenting signs of intracranial aneurysms. There is a classic pairing between an aneurysmal vessel and adjacent nerves leading to cranial neuropathy. Isolated abducens nerve palsy can be a localizing sign of an unruptured vertebrobasilar circulation aneurysm. Aneurysms involving Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA) and Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) have been reported to be associated with abducens nerve palsy. The symptoms in unruptured aneurysms are due to the mass effect on adjacent neurovascular structures. Most of the abducens nerve palsy resolves following microsurgical clipping. Here, we present a rare case of an unruptured Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA) aneurysm presenting with abducens nerve palsy and diplopia associated with contralateral hemianopsia which markedly improved following endovascular coil embolization.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2234-8565
ISSN	2234-8565
DOI	10.7461/jcen.2024.E2023.07.002
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: Randomized prior wavelet neural operator for uncertainty quantification

Garg, Shailesh / Chakraborty, Souvik

2023

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel data-driven operator learning framework referred to as the \textit{Randomized Prior Wavelet Neural Operator} (RP-WNO). The proposed RP-WNO is an extension of the recently proposed wavelet neural operator, which boasts ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, we propose a novel data-driven operator learning framework referred to as the \textit{Randomized Prior Wavelet Neural Operator} (RP-WNO). The proposed RP-WNO is an extension of the recently proposed wavelet neural operator, which boasts excellent generalizing capabilities but cannot estimate the uncertainty associated with its predictions. RP-WNO, unlike the vanilla WNO, comes with inherent uncertainty quantification module and hence, is expected to be extremely useful for scientists and engineers alike. RP-WNO utilizes randomized prior networks, which can account for prior information and is easier to implement for large, complex deep-learning architectures than its Bayesian counterpart. Four examples have been solved to test the proposed framework, and the results produced advocate favorably for the efficacy of the proposed framework.
Keywords	Statistics - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-02-02
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Neuroscience inspired scientific machine learning (Part-1)

Garg, Shailesh / Chakraborty, Souvik

Variable spiking neuron for regression

2023

Abstract: Redundant information transfer in a neural network can increase the complexity of the deep learning model, thus increasing its power consumption. We introduce in this paper a novel spiking neuron, termed Variable Spiking Neuron (VSN), which can reduce ... ...

Abstract	Redundant information transfer in a neural network can increase the complexity of the deep learning model, thus increasing its power consumption. We introduce in this paper a novel spiking neuron, termed Variable Spiking Neuron (VSN), which can reduce the redundant firing using lessons from biological neuron inspired Leaky Integrate and Fire Spiking Neurons (LIF-SN). The proposed VSN blends LIF-SN and artificial neurons. It garners the advantage of intermittent firing from the LIF-SN and utilizes the advantage of continuous activation from the artificial neuron. This property of the proposed VSN makes it suitable for regression tasks, which is a weak point for the vanilla spiking neurons, all while keeping the energy budget low. The proposed VSN is tested against both classification and regression tasks. The results produced advocate favorably towards the efficacy of the proposed spiking neuron, particularly for regression tasks.
Keywords	Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-11-15
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Neuroscience inspired scientific machine learning (Part-2)

Garg, Shailesh / Chakraborty, Souvik

Variable spiking wavelet neural operator

2023

Abstract: We propose, in this paper, a Variable Spiking Wavelet Neural Operator (VS-WNO), which aims to bridge the gap between theoretical and practical implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms for mechanics applications. With recent developments ... ...

Abstract	We propose, in this paper, a Variable Spiking Wavelet Neural Operator (VS-WNO), which aims to bridge the gap between theoretical and practical implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms for mechanics applications. With recent developments like the introduction of neural operators, AI's potential for being used in mechanics applications has increased significantly. However, AI's immense energy and resource requirements are a hurdle in its practical field use case. The proposed VS-WNO is based on the principles of spiking neural networks, which have shown promise in reducing the energy requirements of the neural networks. This makes possible the use of such algorithms in edge computing. The proposed VS-WNO utilizes variable spiking neurons, which promote sparse communication, thus conserving energy, and its use is further supported by its ability to tackle regression tasks, often faced in the field of mechanics. Various examples dealing with partial differential equations, like Burger's equation, Allen Cahn's equation, and Darcy's equation, have been shown. Comparisons have been shown against wavelet neural operator utilizing leaky integrate and fire neurons (direct and encoded inputs) and vanilla wavelet neural operator utilizing artificial neurons. The results produced illustrate the ability of the proposed VS-WNO to converge to ground truth while promoting sparse communication.
Keywords	Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-11-15
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Radiological Features and Management of Intracranial Aneurysms Associated With Moyamoya Disease: A Case Series of Single-Center Experience.

Phuyal, Subash / Gaikwad, Shailesh B / Garg, Ajay / Jain, Nishchint / Nayak, Manoj / Devarajan, Leve J

Cureus

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e52370

Abstract: Background Moyamoya disease (MMD) can be a major cause of hemorrhagic stroke. Though extensive angiographic studies have been undertaken, the understanding of the association between aneurysms and MMD remains unanswered. In this study, we explore the ... ...

Abstract	Background Moyamoya disease (MMD) can be a major cause of hemorrhagic stroke. Though extensive angiographic studies have been undertaken, the understanding of the association between aneurysms and MMD remains unanswered. In this study, we explore the association of the aneurysm with MMD and its management. We have also reviewed such associations described in the literature and how the present cases differ from those previously described. Materials and methods The clinical and radiologic data of moyamoya disease cases were accessed from medical and radiological records between January 2010 and July 2017. Two neuroradiologists independently analyzed the data and imaging details. Results Out of 103 patients with MMD, eight patients (7.77%) had associated intracranial aneurysms with eleven aneurysms. Out of the 11 aneurysms, five were the tip of the basilar artery aneurysms and were the most common location for aneurysm (45.5%), followed by lenticulostriate artery, PCA perforator, and distal ACA (DACA) in the P1 PCA, P2 PCA, and P3 PCA artery aneurysms. Out of eight patients, five (62.5%) had a hemorrhage on a non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) scan of the brain, whereas three (37.5%) had an ischemic presentation. Out of 11 aneurysms, seven aneurysms, including three basilar tip aneurysms (unruptured) and one PCA perforator (ruptured), and three saccular PCA (P1, P2, and P3) (ruptured) were treated by endovascular coiling. Follow-up angiography showed stable aneurysmal occlusion except in one basilar tip, where recurrence was observed. Conclusions MMD-intracranial aneurysm is commonly observed in patients with intracranial hemorrhage and carries a higher risk of rupture. Therefore, identification of the aneurysm is essential for management. Endovascular treatment, either with coil or glue embolization, can be a safe and effective treatment method for such aneurysms with long-term good results.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.52370
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Book ; Online: Variational Bayes Deep Operator Network

Garg, Shailesh / Chakraborty, Souvik

A data-driven Bayesian solver for parametric differential equations

2022

Abstract: Neural network based data-driven operator learning schemes have shown tremendous potential in computational mechanics. DeepONet is one such neural network architecture which has gained widespread appreciation owing to its excellent prediction ... ...

Abstract	Neural network based data-driven operator learning schemes have shown tremendous potential in computational mechanics. DeepONet is one such neural network architecture which has gained widespread appreciation owing to its excellent prediction capabilities. Having said that, being set in a deterministic framework exposes DeepONet architecture to the risk of overfitting, poor generalization and in its unaltered form, it is incapable of quantifying the uncertainties associated with its predictions. We propose in this paper, a Variational Bayes DeepONet (VB-DeepONet) for operator learning, which can alleviate these limitations of DeepONet architecture to a great extent and give user additional information regarding the associated uncertainty at the prediction stage. The key idea behind neural networks set in Bayesian framework is that, the weights and bias of the neural network are treated as probability distributions instead of point estimates and, Bayesian inference is used to update their prior distribution. Now, to manage the computational cost associated with approximating the posterior distribution, the proposed VB-DeepONet uses \textit{variational inference}. Unlike Markov Chain Monte Carlo schemes, variational inference has the capacity to take into account high dimensional posterior distributions while keeping the associated computational cost low. Different examples covering mechanics problems like diffusion reaction, gravity pendulum, advection diffusion have been shown to illustrate the performance of the proposed VB-DeepONet and comparisons have also been drawn against DeepONet set in deterministic framework.
Keywords	Statistics - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2022-06-12
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: In silico prediction of the animal susceptibility and virtual screening of natural compounds against SARS-CoV-2: Molecular dynamics simulation based analysis.

Garg, Priyanka / Vanamamalai, Venkata Krishna / Jali, Itishree / Sharma, Shailesh

Frontiers in genetics

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 906955

Abstract: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It has six open reading frames (orf1ab, orf3a, orf6, orf7a, orf8, and orf10), a spike protein, a membrane protein, an envelope small membrane protein, and a nucleocapsid protein, out of ... ...

Abstract	COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It has six open reading frames (orf1ab, orf3a, orf6, orf7a, orf8, and orf10), a spike protein, a membrane protein, an envelope small membrane protein, and a nucleocapsid protein, out of which, orf1ab is the largest ORF coding different important non-structural proteins. In this study, an effort was made to evaluate the susceptibility of different animals against SARS-CoV-2 by analyzing the interactions of Spike and ACE2 proteins of the animals and propose a list of potential natural compounds binding to orf1ab of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we analyzed structural interactions between spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and the ACE2 receptor of 16 different hosts. A simulation for 50 ns was performed on these complexes. Based on post-simulation analysis,
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606823-0
ISSN	1664-8021
ISSN	1664-8021
DOI	10.3389/fgene.2022.906955
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Article: Emerging insights into cephalic neural crest disorders: A single center experience.

Nayak, Manoj Kumar / Mishra, Biswamohan / Levejoseph, Sebastian / Garg, Ajay / Sarma, Kalyan / Sahoo, Biswajit / Tripathi, Manjari / Gaikwad, Shailesh B

Journal of clinical imaging science

2024 Volume 14, Page(s) 3

Abstract: Objectives: Neural crest cells (NCCs) are transient structures in the fetal life in vertebrates, which develop at the junctional site of the non-neural and neural ectoderm, sharing a common developmental origin for diverse diseases. After Epithelio- ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Neural crest cells (NCCs) are transient structures in the fetal life in vertebrates, which develop at the junctional site of the non-neural and neural ectoderm, sharing a common developmental origin for diverse diseases. After Epithelio-mesenchymal (EMT) of the NCCs within the neural tube, delamination of NCCs occurs. After delamination, the transformation of these cells into various cell lineages produces melanocytes, bones, and cartilage of the skull, cells of the enteric and peripheral nervous system. After the conversion, these cells migrate into various locations of the entire body according to the cell lineage. Abnormalities in neural crest (NC) formation and migration result in various malformations and tumors, known as neurocristopathy. Material and methods: Herein, this case series describes a single-center experience in cephalic NC disorders over the past 3 years, including 17 cases of varying composition (i.e., vascular, dysgenetic, mixed, and neoplastic forms) involving the brain and occasionally skin, eyes, and face of the patients. Results: In our study of 17 patients with cephalic NC disease, 6 (35.3%) patients had vascular form, 5 (29.4%) had dysgenetic form, 4 (23.5%) had mixed form, and 2 (11.7%) had neoplastic form. Brain involvement in the form of vascular or parenchyma or both vascular and parenchymal was seen in all of our patients (100%), skin in 6 (35.3%) patients, eye in 2 (11.7%), and face in 1 (5.9%) patient. Treatment was planned according to the various manifestations of the disease. Conclusion: Neural crest diseases (NCDs) are a rare and under-recognized group of disorders in the literature and may have been under-reported due to a lack of awareness regarding the same. More such reporting may increase the repertoire of these rare disorders such that clinicians can have a high degree of suspicion leading to early detection and timely counseling and also improve preventive strategies and help in developing new drugs for these disorders or prevent them.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2601233-9
ISSN	2156-5597 ; 2156-7514
ISSN (online)	2156-5597
ISSN	2156-7514
DOI	10.25259/JCIS_87_2023
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Article ; Online: LC-MS/MS method for quantification of raspberry ketone in rat plasma: application to preclinical pharmacokinetic studies.

Verma, Saurabh / Goand, Umesh K / Garg, Richa / Husain, Athar / Katekar, Roshan A / Riyazuddin, Mohammed / Dadge, Shailesh / Gayen, Jiaur R

Bioanalysis

2023 Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) 83–98

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Animals ; Chromatography, Liquid/methods ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Butanones ; Microsomes, Liver ; Reproducibility of Results
Chemical Substances	raspberry ketone (7QY1MH15BG) ; Butanones
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1757-6199
ISSN (online)	1757-6199
DOI	10.4155/bio-2022-0239
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Article ; Online: Chromogranin A-derived peptides pancreastatin and catestatin: emerging therapeutic target for diabetes.

Garg, Richa / Agarwal, Arun / Katekar, Roshan / Dadge, Shailesh / Yadav, Shubhi / Gayen, Jiaur R

Amino acids

2023 Volume 55, Issue 5, Page(s) 549–561

Abstract: Chromogranin A (ChgA) is an acidic pro-protein found in neuroendocrine organs, pheochromocytoma chromaffin granules, and tumor cells. Proteolytic processing of ChgA gives rise to an array of biologically active peptides such as pancreastatin (PST), ... ...

Abstract	Chromogranin A (ChgA) is an acidic pro-protein found in neuroendocrine organs, pheochromocytoma chromaffin granules, and tumor cells. Proteolytic processing of ChgA gives rise to an array of biologically active peptides such as pancreastatin (PST), vasostatin, WE14, catestatin (CST), and serpinin, which have diverse roles in regulating cardiovascular functions and metabolism, as well as inflammation. Intricate tissue-specific role of ChgA-derived peptide activity in preclinical rodent models of metabolic syndrome reveals complex effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Indeed, ChgA-derived peptides, PST and CST, play a pivotal role in metabolic syndrome such as obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus. Additionally, supplementation of specific peptide in ChgA-KO mice have an opposing effect on physiological functions, such as PST supplementation reduces insulin sensitivity and enhances inflammatory response. In contrast, CST supplementation enhances insulin sensitivity and reduces inflammatory response. In this review, we focus on the tissue-specific role of PST and CST as therapeutic targets in regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, along with the associated risk factors.
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Chromogranin A/pharmacology ; Chromogranin A/metabolism ; Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Peptide Fragments/pharmacology ; Peptide Fragments/therapeutic use ; Peptides ; Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy ; Carbohydrates
Chemical Substances	pancreastatin (106477-83-2) ; chromogranin A (344-364) ; Chromogranin A ; Peptide Fragments ; Peptides ; Carbohydrates ; WE14 protein, mouse
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-13
Publishing country	Austria
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1121341-3
ISSN	1438-2199 ; 0939-4451
ISSN (online)	1438-2199
ISSN	0939-4451
DOI	10.1007/s00726-023-03252-x
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