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Article ; Online: Learning from the Italian experience in coping with COVID-19.

Carvalho, Anna Cristina Calçada / Kritski, Afrânio

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

2020 Volume 53, Page(s) e20200199

Abstract: Introduction: In March 2020, the rapid increase in COVID-19 cases overburdened the Italian health system, with the country becoming the pandemic's epicenter.: Methods: We present a narrative review based on manuscripts, official documents, and ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: In March 2020, the rapid increase in COVID-19 cases overburdened the Italian health system, with the country becoming the pandemic's epicenter. Methods: We present a narrative review based on manuscripts, official documents, and newspaper articles regarding COVID-19 in Italy. Results: Characteristics of the epidemic, possible causes for its worsening, and the measures adopted across Italian regions are presented. Conclusions: In the early stages of an epidemic, effective decision-making is essential to contain the number of cases. Medical support for patients and social isolation measures are the most appropriate strategies currently available to reduce the spread and lethality of COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/mortality ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Health Planning ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/mortality ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Quarantine/methods ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-03
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1038126-0
ISSN	1678-9849 ; 0037-8682
ISSN (online)	1678-9849
ISSN	0037-8682
DOI	10.1590/0037-8682-0199-2020
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Article ; Online: Research, Innovation, and National Production of Strategic Inputs for Tuberculosis Elimination in Brazil: Contributions from the REDE-TB.

Arcêncio, Ricardo Alexandre / Chimara, Erica / Silva, José Roberto Lapa E / Croda, Julio / Carvalho, Anna Cristina Calçada

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

2023 Volume 56, Page(s) e0518

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1038126-0
ISSN	1678-9849 ; 0037-8682
ISSN (online)	1678-9849
ISSN	0037-8682
DOI	10.1590/0037-8682-0518-2023
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Book ; Online: Learning from the Italian experience in coping with COVID-19

Carvalho, Anna Cristina Calçada / Kritski, Afrânio

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical v.53 2020

2020

Abstract: Abstract INTRODUCTION: In March 2020, the rapid increase in COVID-19 cases overburdened the Italian health system, with the country becoming the pandemic’s epicenter. METHODS: We present a narrative review based on manuscripts, official documents, and ... ...

Abstract	Abstract INTRODUCTION: In March 2020, the rapid increase in COVID-19 cases overburdened the Italian health system, with the country becoming the pandemic’s epicenter. METHODS: We present a narrative review based on manuscripts, official documents, and newspaper articles regarding COVID-19 in Italy. RESULTS: Characteristics of the epidemic, possible causes for its worsening, and the measures adopted across Italian regions are presented. CONCLUSIONS: In the early stages of an epidemic, effective decision-making is essential to contain the number of cases. Medical support for patients and social isolation measures are the most appropriate strategies currently available to reduce the spread and lethality of COVID-19.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Italy ; Brazil ; Pandemic ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01
Publisher	Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical - SBMT
Publishing country	br
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Research, Innovation, and National Production of Strategic Inputs for Tuberculosis Elimination in Brazil

Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio / Erica Chimara / José Roberto Lapa e Silva / Julio Croda / Anna Cristina Calçada Carvalho

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, Vol

Contributions from the REDE-TB

2023 Volume 56

Keywords	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Learning from the Italian experience in coping with COVID-19

Carvalho, Anna Cristina Calçada / Kritski, Afrânio

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: In March 2020, the rapid increase in COVID-19 cases overburdened the Italian health system, with the country becoming the pandemic's epicenter. METHODS: We present a narrative review based on manuscripts, official documents, and newspaper ... ...

Abstract	INTRODUCTION: In March 2020, the rapid increase in COVID-19 cases overburdened the Italian health system, with the country becoming the pandemic's epicenter. METHODS: We present a narrative review based on manuscripts, official documents, and newspaper articles regarding COVID-19 in Italy. RESULTS: Characteristics of the epidemic, possible causes for its worsening, and the measures adopted across Italian regions are presented. CONCLUSIONS: In the early stages of an epidemic, effective decision-making is essential to contain the number of cases. Medical support for patients and social isolation measures are the most appropriate strategies currently available to reduce the spread and lethality of COVID-19.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #32520234
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Social determinants of health and catastrophic costs associated with the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis.

Moreira, Adriana da Silva Rezende / Kritski, Afrânio Lineu / Carvalho, Anna Cristina Calçada

Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia

2020 Volume 46, Issue 5, Page(s) e20200015

Abstract: The epidemiological relevance of tuberculosis is directly related to the socioeconomic profile of a given country. Vulnerability to tuberculosis is influenced by biological factors (e.g., malnutrition, HIV infection, and age) and social factors (e.g., ... ...

Abstract	The epidemiological relevance of tuberculosis is directly related to the socioeconomic profile of a given country. Vulnerability to tuberculosis is influenced by biological factors (e.g., malnutrition, HIV infection, and age) and social factors (e.g., unhealthy housing, high population density, inappropriate working conditions, and lack of access to health services). In many cases, multiple vulnerabilities occur in conjunction. We propose here a reflection on tuberculosis from the point of view of the social determinants of health, as well as the costs associated with its diagnosis and treatment in Brazil, based not only on data in the international literature but also on evidence related to the national context. Given the magnitude of tuberculosis as a socially mediated disease, there is an evident need for greater involvement of health professionals and of the scientific community to implement relevant operational and research measures to understand the social conditions influencing the health-illness continuum for tuberculosis patients. Although the recent economic crisis in Brazil has contributed to increased mortality from all causes, including tuberculosis, health and social protection expenditures have mitigated detrimental health effects. The evidence presented here underscores the importance of public social protection policies for minimizing the effects of tuberculosis indicators, with the aim of eliminating tuberculosis in Brazil.
MeSH term(s)	Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Catastrophic Illness/economics ; Cost of Illness ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Delivery of Health Care/economics ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Social Determinants of Health ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis/economics ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Antitubercular Agents
Language	Portuguese
Publishing date	2020-11-18
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2223157-2
ISSN	1806-3756 ; 1806-3713
ISSN (online)	1806-3756
ISSN	1806-3713
DOI	10.36416/1806-3756/e20200015
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Dysglycemia is associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages in tuberculosis patients of North Lima-Peru.

Lopez, Kattya / Arriaga, María B / Aliaga, Juan G / Barreda, Nadia N / Sanabria, Oswaldo M / Huang, Chuan-Chin / Zhang, Zibiao / García-de-la-Guarda, Ruth / Lecca, Leonid / Calçada Carvalho, Anna Cristina / Kritski, Afrânio L / Calderon, Roger I

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e0243184

Abstract: This study was performed to investigate the role of dysglycemia on the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) among pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients to build scientific evidence about the possible mechanisms of TB transmission. MTB ... ...

Abstract	This study was performed to investigate the role of dysglycemia on the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) among pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients to build scientific evidence about the possible mechanisms of TB transmission. MTB isolates obtained of patients affected by pulmonary tuberculosis from health care facilities of North Lima-Peru, were analyzed using whole genome sequencing and 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit -variable-number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR). Subsequently, clinical and epidemiological characteristics were associated with clustering, lineages and comorbid conditions. The analysis carried out 112 pulmonary TB patients from various health centers in North Lima, 17 (15%) had diabetes mellitus (DM) and 33 (29%) had pre-diabetes (PDM). Latin American-Mediterranean, Haarlem and Beijing were the most frequent MTB lineages found in those patients. Previous TB (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.65; 95%CI: 1.32-17.81), age (aOR = 1.12; 95%CI: 1.03-1.45) and Beijing lineage (aOR = 3.53; 95%CI: 1.08-13.2) were associated with TB-DM comorbidity. Alcoholism (aOR = 2.92; 95%CI: 1.10-8.28), age (aOR = 1.05; 95%CI: 1.03-1.12) and Haarlem lineage (aOR = 2.54; 95%CI: 1.04-6.51) were associated with TB-PDM comorbidity. Beijing and Haarlem lineages were independently associated with TB-DM and TB-PDM comorbidities, respectively. Although these findings may be surprising, we must be cautious to suggest that dysglycemia could be associated with a highly clustering and predisposition of MTB lineages related to a serious impact on the severity of TB disease, which requires further research.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Cluster Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/physiology ; Peru ; Phylogeny ; Tuberculosis/blood ; Tuberculosis/microbiology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0243184
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Persistent dysglycemia is associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis from Peru.

Calderon, Roger I / Arriaga, María B / Aliaga, Juan G / Barreda, Nadia N / Sanabria, Oswaldo M / Barreto-Duarte, Beatriz / Franco, João Pedro Duarte / Lecca, Leonid / Andrade, Bruno B / Carvalho, Anna Cristina Calçada / Kritski, Afrânio L

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

2022 Volume 116, Page(s) 293–301

Abstract: Background: Dysglycemia (i.e., prediabetes or diabetes) in patients with tuberculosis (PWTB) is associated with increased odds of mortality and treatment failure. Whether such association holds true when dysglycemia is transient or persistent is unknown. ...

Abstract	Background: Dysglycemia (i.e., prediabetes or diabetes) in patients with tuberculosis (PWTB) is associated with increased odds of mortality and treatment failure. Whether such association holds true when dysglycemia is transient or persistent is unknown. In this study, we tested the association between persistent dysglycemia (PD) during anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment and unfavorable treatment outcomes in PWTB from Lima, Peru. Methods: PWTB enrolled between February and November 2017 were followed for 24-months. Dysglycemia was measured through fasting glucose and HbA1c at baseline during the 2 Results: Among 125 PWTB, PD prevalence was 29.6%. PD was associated with more lung lesion types, higher bacillary loads, low hemoglobin (Hb), and high body mass index (BMI). Unfavorable TB treatment outcome was associated with older age, higher BMI, more lung lesion types, and PD. After adjusting for age, Hb levels, smoking, and smear grade, PD was independently associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 6.1; 95% CI: 1.9-19.6). Conclusion: PD is significantly associated with higher odds of unfavorable TB treatment outcomes. Dysglycemia control during anti-TB treatment gives the opportunity to introduce appropriate interventions to TB management.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Peru/epidemiology ; Prediabetic State/complications ; Prediabetic State/epidemiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Tuberculosis/complications ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/complications ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-13
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2022.01.012
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Article ; Online: The role of the Brazilian Tuberculosis Research Network in national and international efforts to eliminate tuberculosis.

Kritski, Afranio / Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti / Mello, Fernanda Carvalho Queiroz / Carvalho, Anna Cristina Calçada / Silva, Denise Rossato / Oliveira, Martha Maria de / Croda, Julio

Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia

2018 Volume 44, Issue 2, Page(s) 77–81

MeSH term(s)	Biomedical Research/methods ; Brazil ; Disease Eradication/methods ; Global Health ; Humans ; Public Policy ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control ; World Health Organization
Language	Portuguese
Publishing date	2018-06-05
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2223157-2
ISSN	1806-3756 ; 1806-3713
ISSN (online)	1806-3756
ISSN	1806-3713
DOI	10.1590/s1806-37562017000000435
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Article ; Online: Epidemiological aspects, clinical manifestations, and prevention of pediatric tuberculosis from the perspective of the End TB Strategy.

Carvalho, Anna Cristina Calçada / Cardoso, Claudete Aparecida Araújo / Martire, Terezinha Miceli / Migliori, Giovanni Battista / Sant'Anna, Clemax Couto

Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia

2018 Volume 44, Issue 2, Page(s) 134–144

Abstract: Tuberculosis continues to be a public health priority in many countries. In 2015, tuberculosis killed 1.4 million people, including 210,000 children. Despite the recent progress made in the control of tuberculosis in Brazil, it is still one of the ... ...

Abstract	Tuberculosis continues to be a public health priority in many countries. In 2015, tuberculosis killed 1.4 million people, including 210,000 children. Despite the recent progress made in the control of tuberculosis in Brazil, it is still one of the countries with the highest tuberculosis burdens. In 2015, there were 69,000 reported cases of tuberculosis in Brazil and tuberculosis was the cause of 4,500 deaths in the country. In 2014, the World Health Organization approved the End TB Strategy, which set a target date of 2035 for meeting its goals of reducing the tuberculosis incidence by 90% and reducing the number of tuberculosis deaths by 95%. However, to achieve those goals in Brazil, there is a need for collaboration among the various sectors involved in tuberculosis control and for the prioritization of activities, including control measures targeting the most vulnerable populations. Children are highly vulnerable to tuberculosis, and there are particularities specific to pediatric patients regarding tuberculosis development (rapid progression from infection to active disease), prevention (low effectiveness of vaccination against the pulmonary forms and limited availability of preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection), diagnosis (a low rate of bacteriologically confirmed diagnosis), and treatment (poor availability of child-friendly anti-tuberculosis drugs). In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and prevention of tuberculosis in childhood and adolescence, highlighting the peculiarities of active and latent tuberculosis in those age groups, in order to prompt reflection on new approaches to the management of pediatric tuberculosis within the framework of the End TB Strategy.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Child ; Disease Eradication ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control ; World Health Organization
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-23
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2223157-2
ISSN	1806-3756 ; 1806-3713
ISSN (online)	1806-3756
ISSN	1806-3713
DOI	10.1590/s1806-37562017000000461
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