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  1. Article ; Online: Learning to deal with dual use.

    Palmer, Megan J

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    2020  Volume 367, Issue 6482, Page(s) 1057

    MeSH term(s) Biomedical Research/trends ; Biomedical Technology/trends ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Data Collection/methods ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Risk Management ; Security Measures ; United States
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.abb1466
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 27: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Motivating Proactive Biorisk Management.

    Greene, Daniel / Palmer, Megan J / Relman, David A

    Health security

    2023  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 46–60

    Abstract: Scholars and practitioners of biosafety and biosecurity (collectively, biorisk management or BRM) have argued that life scientists should play a more proactive role in monitoring their work for potential risks, mitigating harm, and seeking help as ... ...

    Abstract Scholars and practitioners of biosafety and biosecurity (collectively, biorisk management or BRM) have argued that life scientists should play a more proactive role in monitoring their work for potential risks, mitigating harm, and seeking help as necessary. However, most efforts to promote proactive BRM have focused on training life scientists in technical skills and have largely ignored the extent to which life scientists wish to use them (ie, their motivation). In this article, we argue that efforts to promote proactive BRM would benefit from a greater focus on life scientists' motivation. We review relevant literature on life scientists' motivation to practice BRM, offer examples of successful interventions from adjacent fields, and outline ideas for possible interventions to promote proactive BRM, along with strategies for iterative development, testing, and scaling.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Motivation ; Containment of Biohazards
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2823049-8
    ISSN 2326-5108 ; 2326-5094
    ISSN (online) 2326-5108
    ISSN 2326-5094
    DOI 10.1089/hs.2022.0101
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Strengthen oversight of risky research on pathogens.

    Pannu, Jaspreet / Palmer, Megan J / Cicero, Anita / Relman, David A / Lipsitch, Marc / Inglesby, Tom

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    2022  , Page(s) eadf6020

    Abstract: Policy reset and convergence on governance are needed. ...

    Abstract Policy reset and convergence on governance are needed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.adf6020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  5. Article ; Online: Conservation science and the ethos of restraint

    Evelyn Brister / J. Britt Holbrook / Megan J. Palmer

    Conservation Science and Practice, Vol 3, Iss 4, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)

    2021  

    Abstract: Abstract Despite aiming to make conservation science and practice more effective, many conservationists default to excessive precaution, advocating conservative actions—or even inaction. The field suffers from an understandable aversion to unintended ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Despite aiming to make conservation science and practice more effective, many conservationists default to excessive precaution, advocating conservative actions—or even inaction. The field suffers from an understandable aversion to unintended consequences, especially for approaches involving biotechnology and “next‐generation” interventions. We call this default precautionary attitude among conservationists the ethos of restraint and argue for replacing it with an ethos of responsible conservation action. Loosening the ethos of restraint will require (a) more holistically accounting for comparative risks, benefits, and costs of novel approaches; (b) gathering more data on their consequences; (c) engaging in dialogue about intended consequences and conservation values; and (d) pursuing adaptive implementation strategies. Adopting an ethos of responsible conservation action requires grasping that precaution and proaction are not diametrically opposed attitudes. Instead, we must decide what level of precaution or proaction is warranted, and what to do, on a case‐by‐case basis.
    Keywords biotechnology ; conservation values ; environmental ethics ; intended consequences ; precautionary principle ; proactionary principle ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5 ; General. Including nature conservation ; geographical distribution ; QH1-199.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Protocols and risks: when less is more.

    Pannu, Jaspreet / Sandbrink, Jonas B / Watson, Matthew / Palmer, Megan J / Relman, David A

    Nature protocols

    2021  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–2

    MeSH term(s) Risk Assessment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2244966-8
    ISSN 1750-2799 ; 1754-2189
    ISSN (online) 1750-2799
    ISSN 1754-2189
    DOI 10.1038/s41596-021-00655-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Beyond Biosecurity by Taxonomic Lists: Lessons, Challenges, and Opportunities.

    Millett, Piers / Alexanian, Tessa / Brink, Kathryn R / Carter, Sarah R / Diggans, James / Palmer, Megan J / Ritterson, Ryan / Sandbrink, Jonas B / Wheeler, Nicole E

    Health security

    2023  Volume 21, Issue 6, Page(s) 521–529

    MeSH term(s) Biosecurity ; Classification
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2823049-8
    ISSN 2326-5108 ; 2326-5094
    ISSN (online) 2326-5108
    ISSN 2326-5094
    DOI 10.1089/hs.2022.0109
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The CRISPR revolution and its potential impact on global health security.

    Watters, Kyle E / Kirkpatrick, Jesse / Palmer, Megan J / Koblentz, Gregory D

    Pathogens and global health

    2021  Volume 115, Issue 2, Page(s) 80–92

    Abstract: Global health security is constantly under threat from infectious diseases. Despite advances in biotechnology that have improved diagnosis and treatment of such diseases, delays in detecting outbreaks and the lack of countermeasures for some biological ... ...

    Abstract Global health security is constantly under threat from infectious diseases. Despite advances in biotechnology that have improved diagnosis and treatment of such diseases, delays in detecting outbreaks and the lack of countermeasures for some biological agents continue to pose severe challenges to global health security. In this review, we describe some of the challenges facing global health security and how genome editing technologies can help overcome them. We provide specific examples of how the genome-editing tool CRISPR is being used to develop new tools to characterize pathogenic agents, diagnose infectious disease, and develop vaccines and therapeutics to mitigate the effects of an outbreak. The article also discusses some of the challenges associated with genome-editing technologies and the efforts that scientists are undertaking to mitigate them. Overall, CRISPR and genome-editing technologies are poised to have a significant positive influence on global health security over the years to come.
    MeSH term(s) CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ; Gene Editing ; Global Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2625162-0
    ISSN 2047-7732 ; 2047-7724
    ISSN (online) 2047-7732
    ISSN 2047-7724
    DOI 10.1080/20477724.2021.1880202
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ud II Zs.196: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: CLPB disaggregase dysfunction impacts the functional integrity of the proteolytic SPY complex.

    Baker, Megan J / Blau, Kai Uwe / Anderson, Alexander J / Palmer, Catherine S / Fielden, Laura F / Crameri, Jordan J / Milenkovic, Dusanka / Thorburn, David R / Frazier, Ann E / Langer, Thomas / Stojanovski, Diana

    The Journal of cell biology

    2024  Volume 223, Issue 3

    Abstract: CLPB is a mitochondrial intermembrane space AAA+ domain-containing disaggregase. CLPB mutations are associated with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria and neutropenia; however, the molecular mechanism underscoring disease and the contribution of CLPB substrates ...

    Abstract CLPB is a mitochondrial intermembrane space AAA+ domain-containing disaggregase. CLPB mutations are associated with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria and neutropenia; however, the molecular mechanism underscoring disease and the contribution of CLPB substrates to disease pathology remains unknown. Interactions between CLPB and mitochondrial quality control (QC) factors, including PARL and OPA1, have been reported, hinting at dysregulation of organelle QC in disease. Utilizing proteomic and biochemical approaches, we show a stress-specific aggregation phenotype in a CLPB-null environment and define the CLPB substrate profile. We illustrate an interplay between intermembrane space proteins including CLPB, HAX1, HTRA2, and the inner membrane quality control proteins (STOML2, PARL, YME1L1; SPY complex), with CLPB deficiency impeding SPY complex function by virtue of protein aggregation in the intermembrane space. We conclude that there is an interdependency of mitochondrial QC components at the intermembrane space/inner membrane interface, and perturbations to this network may underscore CLPB disease pathology.
    MeSH term(s) Intracellular Membranes ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Mitochondria/genetics ; Proteolysis ; Proteomics ; Humans ; Endopeptidase Clp/genetics
    Chemical Substances Membrane Proteins ; CLPB protein, human (EC 3.6.1.3) ; Endopeptidase Clp (EC 3.4.21.92)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218154-x
    ISSN 1540-8140 ; 0021-9525
    ISSN (online) 1540-8140
    ISSN 0021-9525
    DOI 10.1083/jcb.202305087
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: iGEM and Gene Drives: A Case Study for Governance.

    Millett, Piers / Alexanian, Tessa / Palmer, Megan J / Evans, Sam Weiss / Kuiken, Todd / Oye, Kenneth

    Health security

    2022  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 26–34

    Abstract: Gene drives have already challenged governance systems. In this case study, we explore the International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition's experiences in gene drive-related research and lessons in developing, revising, and implementing ... ...

    Abstract Gene drives have already challenged governance systems. In this case study, we explore the International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition's experiences in gene drive-related research and lessons in developing, revising, and implementing a governance system. iGEM's experiences and lessons are distilled into 6 key insights for future gene drive policy development in the United States: (1) gene drives deserve special attention because of their potential for widescale impact and remaining uncertainty about how to evaluate intergenerational and transboundary risks; (2) an adaptive risk management approach is logical for gene drives because of the rapidly changing technical environment; (3) review by individual technical experts is limited and may fail to incorporate other forms of expertise and, therefore, must be complemented with a range of alternative governance methods; (4) current laboratory biosafety and biosecurity review processes may not capture gene drive research or its components in practice even if they are covered theoretically; (5) risk management for research and development must incorporate discussions of values and broader implications of the work; and (6) a regular technology horizon scanning capacity is needed for the early identification of advances that could pose governance system challenges.
    MeSH term(s) Gene Drive Technology ; Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Management ; Uncertainty ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2823049-8
    ISSN 2326-5108 ; 2326-5094
    ISSN (online) 2326-5108
    ISSN 2326-5094
    DOI 10.1089/hs.2021.0157
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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