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Article: Neurological-Type Wilson Disease: Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Management.

Kipker, Nathaniel / Alessi, Kaitlyn / Bojkovic, Marko / Padda, Inderbir / Parmar, Mayur S

2023 Volume 15, Issue 4, Page(s) e38170

Abstract: Wilson disease (WD) is a complex metabolic disorder caused by disruptions to copper regulation within the body, leading to an unregulated accumulation of copper within various tissues. A less understood organ affected by the collection of copper is the ... ...

Abstract	Wilson disease (WD) is a complex metabolic disorder caused by disruptions to copper regulation within the body, leading to an unregulated accumulation of copper within various tissues. A less understood organ affected by the collection of copper is the brain, which further leads to the generation of oxygen-free radicals and resultant demyelination. Healthcare providers must keep the neurological form of WD in their list of differentials when patients present with diverse neurological manifestations. The initial step to diagnosis will be to distinguish the characteristic disease presentation with a thorough history and physical and neurological examination. A high clinical disease suspicion of WD should warrant further investigation by laboratory workup and imaging modalities to support the clinical findings and confirm the diagnosis of WD. Once a WD diagnosis is established, the healthcare provider should treat the underlying biological process of WD symptomatically. This review article discusses the epidemiology and pathogenesis of the neurological form of WD, its clinical and behavioral implications, diagnostic features, and treatment modalities (current and emerging therapies), further aiding healthcare professionals in early diagnosis and management strategies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.38170
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Factors influencing the quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease: A comprehensive review.

Khan, Samina / Sebastian, Sneha Annie / Parmar, Mihirkumar P / Ghadge, Nitin / Padda, Inderbir / Keshta, Ahmed S / Minhaz, Naofel / Patel, Apurva

Disease-a-month : DM

2023 Volume 70, Issue 1S, Page(s) 101672

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic relapsing disorders, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which affects an increasing number of people worldwide. In the last few decades, the scientific world has witnessed ... ...

Abstract	Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic relapsing disorders, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which affects an increasing number of people worldwide. In the last few decades, the scientific world has witnessed many developments in IBD management by controlling debilitating symptoms and remaining in remission for more protracted periods. Even so, we still have a large population suffering from active IBD. An individual's quality of life (QoL) can be severely affected by IBD, like any other chronic illness. In this article, we have reviewed factors influencing the QoL in IBD patients, including chronic pain, diet, physical activity, and psychological factors like depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. We also discussed the mechanisms of diet-microbial-immune system interaction, currently available dietary therapies for active CD and UC, and early psycho-social interventions that can reduce the disease burden and improve QoL in IBD patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/therapy ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/psychology ; Crohn Disease/diagnosis ; Colitis, Ulcerative/therapy ; Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	390545-7
ISSN	1557-8194 ; 0011-5029
ISSN (online)	1557-8194
ISSN	0011-5029
DOI	10.1016/j.disamonth.2023.101672
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Article ; Online: The Neurological Complexities and Prognosis of COVID-19.

Padda, Inderbir / Khehra, Nimrat / Jaferi, Urooj / Parmar, Mayur S

SN comprehensive clinical medicine

2020 Volume 2, Issue 11, Page(s) 2025–2036

Abstract: Several neurological manifestations and complications linked to SARS-CoV-2 have been reported along with well-known respiratory pathology. The global active transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and its unexplained characteristics has led to a pandemic. Since its ... ...

Abstract	Several neurological manifestations and complications linked to SARS-CoV-2 have been reported along with well-known respiratory pathology. The global active transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and its unexplained characteristics has led to a pandemic. Since its rapid emergence from Wuhan, China, in December 2019, several studies have reported the impacts of COVID-19 on the CNS and PNS and its implications. This comprehensive review article comprises case reports, case series, metaanalysis, cohort studies, retrospective studies, and narrative reviews focusing on COVID-19-associated CNS and PNS complexities. The authors searched for over 200 articles and used 52 publications related to the neurological complexities of COVID-19 affecting the CNS and PNS as part of the literature review process. The predominant CNS symptoms noted in COVID-19 patients were headaches and dizziness, and the most common PNS symptoms were alterations in smell and taste. Case reports on headache/dizziness, intracerebral hemorrhage, acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy, meningitis/encephalitis, encephalopathy, cerebrovascular events, chemosensory dysfunction, Guillain-Barre syndrome, and acute transverse myelitis/acute necrotizing myelitis in PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 subjects are also reported. New-onset neurological symptoms were also observed in children with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 that developed pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (PIMS). This comprehensive review article will assist the clinicians and researchers to gain information about the neurological manifestations and complications associated with COVID-19 and develop planning to treat these symptoms in concerned patients of all ages. However, it is unclear whether SARS-CoV2-associated neurological effects are due to primary infections or secondary response to the possible mechanisms discussed in this review.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2947211-8
ISSN	2523-8973 ; 2523-8973
ISSN (online)	2523-8973
ISSN	2523-8973
DOI	10.1007/s42399-020-00527-2
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Article ; Online: Tozinameran (BNT162b2) Vaccine: The Journey from Preclinical Research to Clinical Trials and Authorization.

Khehra, Nimrat / Padda, Inderbir / Jaferi, Urooj / Atwal, Harshan / Narain, Shreya / Parmar, Mayur S

AAPS PharmSciTech

2021 Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) 172

Abstract: ... causing S antigens' expression of the SARS-CoV-2, conferring immunity. The vaccine is administered as a 2 ...

Abstract	Vaccination development and production was an essential question for the prevention and global control of COVID-19. The strong support from governing authorities such as Operation Warp Speed and robust funding has led to the development and authorization of the tozinameran (BNT162b2) vaccine. The BNT162b2 vaccine is a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA that encodes for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, the main site for neutralizing antibodies. Once it binds with the host cells, the lipid nanoparticles enable the transfer of the RNA, causing S antigens' expression of the SARS-CoV-2, conferring immunity. The vaccine is administered as a 2-dose regime 21 days apart for individuals 16 years and older. Pfizer-BioNTech's BNT162b2 vaccine was the first candidate to receive FDA-Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) on December 11, 2020. During phase 2/3 clinical trials, 95% efficacy was reported among 37,706 participants over the age of 16 who received the BNT162b2 vaccination; additionally, 52% efficacy was noted 12 days following the administration of the first dose of BNT162b2, reflecting early protection of COVID-19. The BNT162b2 vaccine has exhibited 100% efficacy in clinical trials of adolescents between the ages of 12 and 15. Clinical trials in pregnant women and children under the age of 12 are expected to also exhibit promising results. This review article encompasses tozinameran (BNT162b2) vaccine journey, summarizing the BNT162b1 and BNT162b2 vaccines from preclinical studies, clinical trial phases, dosages, immune response, adverse effects, and FDA-EUA.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/drug effects ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/metabolism ; BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/metabolism ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; COVID-19 Vaccines/metabolism ; Clinical Trials as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; Clinical Trials as Topic/methods ; Drug Approval/legislation & jurisprudence ; Drug Approval/methods ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods ; Exanthema/chemically induced ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/drug effects ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism ; Vaccination/legislation & jurisprudence ; Vaccination/methods
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2052070-0
ISSN	1530-9932 ; 1530-9932
ISSN (online)	1530-9932
ISSN	1530-9932
DOI	10.1208/s12249-021-02058-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The Neurological Complexities and Prognosis of COVID-19

Padda, Inderbir / Khehra, Nimrat / Jaferi, Urooj / Parmar, Mayur S.

SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine ; ISSN 2523-8973

2020

Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1007/s42399-020-00527-2
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Social determinants of health and its impact on cardiovascular disease in underserved populations: A critical review.

Padda, Inderbir / Fabian, Daniel / Farid, Meena / Mahtani, Arun / Sethi, Yashendra / Ralhan, Tushar / Das, Maumita / Chandi, Sonam / Johal, Gurpreet

Current problems in cardiology

2024 Volume 49, Issue 3, Page(s) 102373

Abstract: In the United States, a patient succumbs to cardiovascular disease (CVD) every 33 seconds and costs the healthcare system close to $240 billion dollars annually. Social determinants of health (SDOH) are key factors responsible in structuring the well- ... ...

Abstract	In the United States, a patient succumbs to cardiovascular disease (CVD) every 33 seconds and costs the healthcare system close to $240 billion dollars annually. Social determinants of health (SDOH) are key factors responsible in structuring the well-being of individuals and communities. It significantly influences health outcomes and is reliant on several factors such as economic stability, education, healthcare access, community composition, and governmental policies. This review explores the impact of SDOH on the escalating global burden of CVD and identifies potential modifiable risk factors that contribute to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among underserved communities. In addition, it also addresses the necessity for interventions to narrow healthcare related disparities ensuring improvement in CVD outcomes in this subgroup of population.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Social Determinants of Health ; Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Healthcare Disparities ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-05
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	441230-8
ISSN	1535-6280 ; 0146-2806
ISSN (online)	1535-6280
ISSN	0146-2806
DOI	10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102373
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Article ; Online: Immediate identification and management of an open posterior knee dislocation: Important lessons from a case report.

Martinez-Urrea, Diana / Bencomo, Aaron / Song, Elaine / Sethi, Yashendra / Padda, Inderbir / Casas-Espinosa, Samuel / Fulton, Matthew

Trauma case reports

2023 Volume 46, Page(s) 100846

Abstract: Traumatic knee dislocation represents a rare event, contributing to less than 0.02 % of all orthopedic trauma and 0.05 % of joint dislocations, respectively. It is critically important to recognize, identify, and appropriately manage such cases as 'time' ...

Abstract	Traumatic knee dislocation represents a rare event, contributing to less than 0.02 % of all orthopedic trauma and 0.05 % of joint dislocations, respectively. It is critically important to recognize, identify, and appropriately manage such cases as 'time' is implicated as an outcome-determining factor. Thus, such cases warrant quick consideration and appropriate management to mitigate the possibility of neurovascular damage and long-term sequelae. We report a case of a 59-year-old man struck by a motor vehicle in a remote rural community in northern Mexico managed with external fixation 16 h after the initial trauma, and later resulting in a supracondylar amputation. The authors of this case report underline the importance of timely intervention strategies when faced with such cases of knee dislocation and promote enhanced training of peripheral trauma-care providers to help improve patient outcomes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2835433-3
ISSN	2352-6440 ; 2352-6440
ISSN (online)	2352-6440
ISSN	2352-6440
DOI	10.1016/j.tcr.2023.100846
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Article ; Online: Colonic diverticular bleeding: An update on pathogenesis and management.

Sebastian, Sneha Annie / Co, Edzel Lorraine / Panthangi, Venkatesh / Bansal, Radha / Narayanan, Vaishnavi / Paudel, Shachi / Raja, Rabab / Padda, Inderbir / Mohan, Babu P

Disease-a-month : DM

2023 Volume 69, Issue 11, Page(s) 101543

Abstract: Colonic diverticular bleeding is the most common cause of lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, which can be life-threatening and frequently recurrent. In recent years, the prevalence of diverticulosis has increased in developed countries, with a ... ...

Abstract	Colonic diverticular bleeding is the most common cause of lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, which can be life-threatening and frequently recurrent. In recent years, the prevalence of diverticulosis has increased in developed countries, with a documented incidence of 50% in patients older than 60 years. Based on the evidence, the use of anticoagulants and/or antiplatelets in the elderly population has resulted in an increased incidence of acute diverticular bleeding. According to the literature, about 50% of patients with diverticular bleeding require a blood transfusion, and 18% - 53% need emergency surgery. Although endoscopic identification of the culprit diverticula and appropriate intervention is a challenge, the newer treatment modality, over-the-scope clip method (OTSC) has been demonstrated to be an effective endoscopic hemostatic method in severe diverticular bleeding, especially in cases of rebleeding after first-line conventional endoscopic procedures. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiology of colonic diverticulosis and diverticular bleeding, recent evidence in its management, and existing theories on various preventive strategies to control diverticular bleeding. We also discuss the efficacy and treatment outcome of the OTSC technique in controlling diverticular bleeding.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Colon ; Diverticular Diseases/complications ; Diverticular Diseases/diagnosis ; Diverticular Diseases/therapy ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy ; Hemostasis, Endoscopic/methods ; Diverticulum/complications
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390545-7
ISSN	1557-8194 ; 0011-5029
ISSN (online)	1557-8194
ISSN	0011-5029
DOI	10.1016/j.disamonth.2023.101543
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Article: Preventing aspiration incidents: redesigning inhalers for enhanced safety: A case study of coin aspiration.

Karroum, Paul J / Padda, Inderbir / Piccione, Gianpaolo / Hashmi, Razi / Taik, Sophia / Kavarthapu, Anusha / Tantry, Bhuvana / Villaneuva, Kevin / Vandenborn, Sandra / Otiwaah, Juliana / Diaz, Keith

Radiology case reports

2024 Volume 19, Issue 6, Page(s) 2531–2534

Abstract: The conventional metered dose inhaler (MDI) has long served as a cornerstone in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), affecting millions annually. Despite its advantages, a persistent challenge is seen in the form of ... ...

Abstract	The conventional metered dose inhaler (MDI) has long served as a cornerstone in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), affecting millions annually. Despite its advantages, a persistent challenge is seen in the form of patient education and the unchanged design of these inhalers since their inception in 1956. This lack of progress in MDI design has inadvertently contributed to incidences of foreign body inhalation. In this case presentation we report a 50-year-old male with a past medical history of asthma, who faced an incident of foreign body inhalation with use of his inhaler. The patient aspirated a dime when he administered his inhaler, as it had become lodged in the device's mouthpiece, which was uncapped. This case, like many others, demonstrates the need for innovative changes in MDI inhaler design. While numerous articles or cases concentrate on foreign body removal, the primary objective of this case report is to investigate preventative measures and solutions aimed at averting incidents of inhalation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2406300-9
ISSN	1930-0433
ISSN	1930-0433
DOI	10.1016/j.radcr.2024.03.020
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Article ; Online: Gene Editing as the Future of Cardiac Amyloidosis Therapeutics.

Sethi, Yashendra / Mahtani, Arun Umesh / Khehra, Nimrat / Padda, Inderbir / Patel, Neil / Sebastian, Sneha Annie / Malhi, Gurnaaz / Kaiwan, Oroshay / Saith, Sunil / Johal, Gurpreet

Current problems in cardiology

2023 Volume 48, Issue 8, Page(s) 101741

Abstract: Cardiac Amyloidosis (CA) is a manifestation of a systemic disorder resulting from the deposition of transthyretin (TTR) in the myocardium. This leads to a myriad of manifestations ranging from conduction defects to heart failure. Previously CA was ... ...

Abstract	Cardiac Amyloidosis (CA) is a manifestation of a systemic disorder resulting from the deposition of transthyretin (TTR) in the myocardium. This leads to a myriad of manifestations ranging from conduction defects to heart failure. Previously CA was considered a rare disease, but recent advances in diagnostics and therapeutics have revealed the prevalence to be higher than estimated. There are two major classes of treatments for TTR cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA): TTR stabilizers, such as tafamidis and AG10, and RNA interference (siRNA), such as patisiran and vutrisiran. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats of genetic information-Cas9 endonuclease (CRISPR-Cas9) utilizes an RNA-guided endonuclease to target specific locations in the genome. Until recently, CRISPR-Cas9 was studied in small animal models for its ability to decrease extracellular deposition and accumulation of amyloid in tissues. Gene editing has demonstrated some early clinical promise as an emerging therapeutic modality in the treatment of CA. In an introductory human trial involving 12 subjects with TTR amyloidosis and amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM), CRISPR-Cas9 therapy has demonstrated a reduction in approximately 90% of serum TTR proteins after 28 days. In this article, the authors review the current literature on therapeutic gene editing as a prospective curative treatment modality for CA.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Gene Editing/methods ; Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial/therapy ; Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial/drug therapy ; Prospective Studies ; Heart Failure ; Amyloid
Chemical Substances	Amyloid
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	441230-8
ISSN	1535-6280 ; 0146-2806
ISSN (online)	1535-6280
ISSN	0146-2806
DOI	10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101741
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