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  1. Article ; Online: The in vitro biomechanics of anterior arch expansion using fixed lingual appliances with coil springs or archwire stops.

    Robertson, Lindsay / Owen, Brandon / Heo, Gieson / Carey, Jason P / Major, Paul W / Romanyk, Dan L

    Orthodontics & craniofacial research

    2023  Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) 531–538

    Abstract: Introduction: The presented study investigates differences in the biomechanics of straight and mushroom fixed lingual appliances when implementing coil springs and stops for anterior arch expansion.: Materials and methods: An in vitro orthodontic ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The presented study investigates differences in the biomechanics of straight and mushroom fixed lingual appliances when implementing coil springs and stops for anterior arch expansion.
    Materials and methods: An in vitro orthodontic simulator was used to measure three-dimensional forces and moments on each tooth of a simulated maxillary arch. Mushroom and straight archwire forms of 0.016″ NiTi round archwire were considered, using 0.010″ × 0.030″ NiTi open coils and 0.016″-0.018″ archwire stops (n = 44 per group). Teeth in the anterior dental arch were moved from a neutral to crowded position to replicate anterior crowding of central and lateral incisors. Forces and moments of interest for lateral incisors and first premolars were compared using repeated measures mixed multivariate analysis of variance (α = 0.05).
    Results: Three comparisons between straight versus mushroom archwires and two comparisons of coil springs vs. stops were not statistically significant. Overall, it was found that the use of a straight lingual archwire produced larger differences in forces and moments between using stops and coil springs than when using a mushroom archwire. Using stops produced larger forces and moments for both types of archwires as compared to using coil springs. The largest expansion forces were produced using straight archwires with stops, exceeding 3.0 N of force. Straight archwires with coil springs produced the lowest expansion forces on lateral incisors, just exceeding 1.5 N.
    Conclusions: The findings of this study have elucidated significant differences in the biomechanics of transverse arch expansion using straight or mushroom fixed lingual appliances with coil springs or stops.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Orthodontic Wires ; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed ; Malocclusion ; Titanium ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Tooth Movement Techniques/methods
    Chemical Substances Titanium (D1JT611TNE)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2076514-9
    ISSN 1601-6343 ; 1601-6335
    ISSN (online) 1601-6343
    ISSN 1601-6335
    DOI 10.1111/ocr.12640
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  2. Article: Leveraging MYC as a therapeutic treatment option for TNBC.

    Carey, Jason P W / Keyomarsi, Khandan

    Oncoscience

    2018  Volume 5, Issue 5-6, Page(s) 137–139

    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2331-4737
    ISSN 2331-4737
    DOI 10.18632/oncoscience.424
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  3. Article ; Online: Transverse, vertical, and anterior-posterior changes between tooth-anchored versus Dresden bone-anchored rapid maxillary expansion 6 months post-expansion: A CBCT randomized controlled clinical trial.

    Lagravère, Manuel O / Ling, Connie P / Woo, Jeffrey / Harzer, Winfried / Major, Paul W / Carey, Jason P

    International orthodontics

    2020  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 308–316

    Abstract: ... compared to controls (mean 1.27mm and 1.31mm respectively, both p<0.01), although no significant difference ... first premolar and molar (1.5mm, p<0.05), and vertical dental extrusion (1.8mm). No significant dental ...

    Abstract Objective: The main aim of this randomized clinical trial was to determine 3 dimensional skeletal and dental changes six months after the use of bone-anchored versus tooth-anchored rapid maxillary expanders in adolescents. The secondary aim was to determine the symmetrical or asymmetrical expansion pattern between both appliances.
    Materials and methods: Fifty adolescents with skeletally constricted maxilla (mean age 13-14 years) were randomly assigned into: Dresden B-RME, Hyrax T-RME, or untreated control groups. CBCT scans were taken at initial and expander removal (6 months). Three-dimensional references and treatment landmarks were identified. Orthogonal distances were calculated from those landmarks. The main outcome was to compare skeletal and dental changes in each group and the secondary outcome was to verify if these changes were symmetric or not. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and repeated measure MANCOVA and MANOVA.
    Results: Both treatment groups showed significant skeletal and dental expansion compared to controls. T-RME group had greater mean inter-molar crown expansion (5.66mm) than the B-RME group (4.17mm). Both T-RME and B-RME groups showed significant skeletal maxillary expansion compared to controls (mean 1.27mm and 1.31mm respectively, both p<0.01), although no significant difference was found between both appliances. B-RME group showed a lower ratio of dental to skeletal expansion than T-RME group. T-RME showed a symmetrical expansion pattern, whereas the B-RME showed an asymmetrical pattern relative to mid-sagittal plane. The extent of molar crown expansion was 1.84mm greater on the TAD-side compared to the Implant-side. T-RME group showed significant anterior movement of the maxillary first premolar and molar (1.5mm, p<0.05), and vertical dental extrusion (1.8mm). No significant dental vertical or anterior-posterior changes were noted in the B-RME group.
    Conclusions: T-RME and B-RME produced similar amounts of skeletal expansion. B-RME group produced a lower component of dental expansion. Due to the Dresden B-RME configuration, asymmetrical expansion was noted.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Analysis of Variance ; Cephalometry ; Child ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dental Arch/anatomy & histology ; Dental Arch/diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxilla/anatomy & histology ; Maxilla/diagnostic imaging ; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures/instrumentation ; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures/methods ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Palatal Expansion Technique/instrumentation ; Tooth/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-10
    Publishing country France
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ISSN 1879-680X
    ISSN (online) 1879-680X
    DOI 10.1016/j.ortho.2020.01.003
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  4. Article ; Online: Research paper: The three-dimensional mechanical response of orthodontic archwires and brackets in vitro during simulated orthodontic torque.

    Tran, Bill / Nobes, David S / Major, Paul W / Carey, Jason P / Romanyk, Dan L

    Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials

    2020  Volume 114, Page(s) 104196

    Abstract: Orthodontic archwire rotation around its long axis, known as third-order torque, is utilised to correct tooth rotational misalignments moving the tooth root closer to or away from the cheek through engagement with an orthodontic bracket. Studying the ... ...

    Abstract Orthodontic archwire rotation around its long axis, known as third-order torque, is utilised to correct tooth rotational misalignments moving the tooth root closer to or away from the cheek through engagement with an orthodontic bracket. Studying the behaviour of archwire and brackets during an applied rotation can aid in better understanding and appreciating the mechanics of third-order torque, potentially allowing for more effective orthodontic treatment protocols. Mechanically characterising archwire behaviour during third-order torque application is a complex task due to their physical scale and geometries. An advanced measurement technique was needed to address these constraints. A three-dimensional (3D) non-contact optical method using a digital image correlation (DIC) system was developed. An orthodontic torque simulator (OTS) was used to apply and measure third-order torque with 0.483 × 0.635 mm (0.019″ x 0.025″) rectangular archwires in tandem with a 3D DIC system, whereby surface deformations and strains could be computed using correlation algorithms. The 3D DIC system was implemented to enable third-order torque experimentation with the OTS while imaging the archwire and bracket surfaces. The 3D DIC system's ability to measure 3D archwire deformations and strains was verified using a finite element model, where comparisons between 3D DIC measurements and calculated results from the model were made to ensure the measurement capabilities of 3D DIC in the context of third-order torque. The 3D DIC system was then used to compare archwire behaviour between stainless steel (SS) and titanium molybdenum alloy (TMA) archwires to study potential clinical differences in archwire behaviour, in which the archwires were rotated with a custom SS rigid dowel (RD) as well as commercial Damon Q orthodontic brackets. The quantification of third-order torque and archwire deformations and strains led to the conclusion that SS archwires led to larger torque magnitudes compared to TMA archwires. The RD resulted in larger archwire strains compared to Damon Q brackets. The 3D DIC system provides a non-contact measurement technique that can further be used with third-order torque experimentation with the OTS.
    MeSH term(s) Dental Alloys ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Materials Testing ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Orthodontic Wires ; Stainless Steel ; Surface Properties ; Titanium ; Torque
    Chemical Substances Dental Alloys ; Stainless Steel (12597-68-1) ; Titanium (D1JT611TNE)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-17
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2378381-3
    ISSN 1878-0180 ; 1751-6161
    ISSN (online) 1878-0180
    ISSN 1751-6161
    DOI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104196
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  5. Article ; Online: Preliminary Evaluation of the Effect of Mechanotactile Feedback Location on Myoelectric Prosthesis Performance Using a Sensorized Prosthetic Hand.

    Wells, Eric D / Shehata, Ahmed W / Dawson, Michael R / Carey, Jason P / Hebert, Jacqueline S

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 10

    Abstract: A commonly cited reason for the high abandonment rate of myoelectric prostheses is a lack of grip force sensory feedback. Researchers have attempted to restore grip force sensory feedback by stimulating the residual limb's skin surface in response to the ...

    Abstract A commonly cited reason for the high abandonment rate of myoelectric prostheses is a lack of grip force sensory feedback. Researchers have attempted to restore grip force sensory feedback by stimulating the residual limb's skin surface in response to the prosthetic hand's measured grip force. Recent work has focused on restoring natural feedback to the missing digits directly through invasive surgical procedures. However, the functional benefit of utilizing somatotopically matching feedback has not been evaluated. In this paper, we propose an experimental protocol centered on a fragile object grasp and lift task using a sensorized myoelectric prosthesis to evaluate sensory feedback techniques. We formalized a suite of outcome measures related to task success, timing, and strategy. A pilot study (
    MeSH term(s) Artificial Limbs ; Feedback ; Hand ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Prosthesis Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s22103892
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  6. Article ; Online: The biomechanics of posterior maxillary arch expansion using fixed labial and lingual appliances.

    Kaur, Harsimrat / Owen, Brandon / Tran, Bill / Guan, Raymond / Luo, Jeramy / Granley, Alexander / Carey, Jason P / Major, Paul W / Romanyk, Dan L

    The Angle orthodontist

    2020  Volume 90, Issue 5, Page(s) 688–694

    Abstract: Objective: To compare the biomechanics of straight labial, straight lingual, and mushroom lingual archwire systems when used in posterior arch expansion.: Materials and methods: An electro-mechanical orthodontic simulator allowing for buccal-lingual ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To compare the biomechanics of straight labial, straight lingual, and mushroom lingual archwire systems when used in posterior arch expansion.
    Materials and methods: An electro-mechanical orthodontic simulator allowing for buccal-lingual and vertical displacements of individual teeth and three-dimensional force/moment measurements was instrumented with anatomically shaped teeth for the maxillary arch. In-Ovation L brackets were bonded to lingual surfaces, and Carriere SLX brackets were bonded to labial surfaces to ensure consistency of slot dimensions. Titanium molybdenum archwires were bent to an ideal arch form, and the teeth on the orthodontic simulator were set to a passive position. Posterior teeth from the canine to second molar were moved lingually to replicate a constricted arch. From the constricted position, the posterior teeth were simultaneously moved until the expansive force decreased below 0.2 N. Initial force/moment systems and the amount of predicted expansion were compared for posterior teeth at a significance level of α = 0.05.
    Results: Archwire type affected both the expected expansion and initial force/moment systems produced in the constricted position. In general, the lingual systems produced the most expansion. The archwire systems were not able to return the teeth to their ideal position, with the closest system reaching 41% of the intended expansion.
    Conclusions: In general, lingual systems were able to produce greater expansion in the posterior regions when compared with labial systems. However, less than half of the intended arch expansion was achieved with all systems tested.
    MeSH term(s) Biomechanical Phenomena ; Incisor ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Orthodontic Wires ; Tooth Movement Techniques
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 390289-4
    ISSN 1945-7103 ; 0003-3219
    ISSN (online) 1945-7103
    ISSN 0003-3219
    DOI 10.2319/010520-859.1
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  7. Article ; Online: Efficacy of intravenous magnesium for the management of non-post operative atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Enayati, Anees / Gin, Julian H / Sajeev, Jithin K / Cooke, Jennifer C / Carey, Patrick / MacPherson, Michael / Roberts, Louise / Buntine, Paul / Teh, Andrew W / Nogic, Jason

    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology

    2023  Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 1286–1295

    Abstract: ... 13-3.11, p = .02) and rhythm control (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.04-2.03, p = .03). Although not well reported ...

    Abstract Background: Intravenous magnesium (IV Mg), a commonly utilized therapeutic agent in the management of atrial fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular response, is thought to exert its influence via its effect on cellular automaticity and prolongation of atrial and atrioventricular nodal refractoriness thus reducing ventricular rate. We sought to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of IV Mg versus placebo in addition to standard pharmacotherapy in the rate and rhythm control of AF in the nonpostoperative patient cohort given that randomized control trials (RCTs) have shown conflicting results.
    Methods: Randomized controlled trials comparing IV Mg versus placebo in addition to standard of care were identified via electronic database searches. Nine RCTs were returned with a total of 1048 patients. Primary efficacy endpoints were study-defined rate control and rhythm control/reversion to sinus rhythm. The secondary endpoint was patient experienced side effects.
    Results: Our analysis found IV Mg in addition to standard care was successful in achieving rate control (odd ratio [OR] 1.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-3.11, p = .02) and rhythm control (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.04-2.03, p = .03). Although not well reported among studies, there was no significant difference between groups regarding the likelihood of experiencing side effects.
    Conclusions: IV Mg, in addition to standard-of-care pharmacotherapy, increases the rates of successful rate and rhythm control in nonpostoperative patients with AF with rapid ventricular response and is well tolerated.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis ; Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy ; Atrial Fibrillation/chemically induced ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use ; Magnesium/adverse effects ; Administration, Intravenous ; Heart Ventricles
    Chemical Substances Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; Magnesium (I38ZP9992A)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1025989-2
    ISSN 1540-8167 ; 1045-3873
    ISSN (online) 1540-8167
    ISSN 1045-3873
    DOI 10.1111/jce.15911
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  8. Article ; Online: Linguistic Analysis Identifies Emergent Biomaterial Fabrication Trends for Orthopaedic Applications.

    Locke, Ryan C / Zlotnick, Hannah M / Stoeckl, Brendan D / Fryhofer, George W / Galarraga, Jonathan H / Dhand, Abhishek P / Zgonis, Miltiadis H / Carey, James L / Burdick, Jason A / Mauck, Robert L

    Advanced healthcare materials

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 10, Page(s) e2202591

    Abstract: The expanse of publications in tissue engineering (TE) and orthopedic TE (OTE) over the past 20 years presents an opportunity to probe emergent trends in the field to better guide future technologies that can make an impact on musculoskeletal therapies. ... ...

    Abstract The expanse of publications in tissue engineering (TE) and orthopedic TE (OTE) over the past 20 years presents an opportunity to probe emergent trends in the field to better guide future technologies that can make an impact on musculoskeletal therapies. Leveraging this trove of knowledge, a hierarchical systematic search method and trend analysis using connected network mapping of key terms is developed. Within discrete time intervals, an accelerated publication rate for anatomic orthopedic tissue engineering (AOTE) of osteochondral defects, tendons, menisci, and entheses is identified. Within these growing fields, the top-listed key terms are extracted and stratified into evident categories, such as biomaterials, delivery method, or 3D printing and biofabrication. It is then identified which categories decreased, remained constant, increased, or emerged over time, identifying the specific emergent categories currently driving innovation in orthopedic repair technologies. Together, these data demonstrate a significant convergence of material types and descriptors used across tissue types. From this convergence, design criteria to support future research of anatomic constructs that mimic both the form and function of native tissues are formulated. In summary, this review identifies large-scale trends and predicts new directions in orthopedics that will define future materials and technologies.
    MeSH term(s) Biocompatible Materials ; Orthopedics ; Tissue Engineering/methods ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Tendons ; Tissue Scaffolds
    Chemical Substances Biocompatible Materials
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-05
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2649576-4
    ISSN 2192-2659 ; 2192-2640
    ISSN (online) 2192-2659
    ISSN 2192-2640
    DOI 10.1002/adhm.202202591
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  9. Article ; Online: Evaluation of fiber reinforced cement using digital image correlation.

    Melenka, Garrett W / Carey, Jason P

    PloS one

    2015  Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) e0128644

    Abstract: The effect of short fiber reinforcements on the mechanical properties of cement has been examined using a splitting tensile - digital image correlation (DIC) measurement method. Three short fiber reinforcement materials have been used in this study: ... ...

    Abstract The effect of short fiber reinforcements on the mechanical properties of cement has been examined using a splitting tensile - digital image correlation (DIC) measurement method. Three short fiber reinforcement materials have been used in this study: fiberglass, nylon, and polypropylene. The method outlined provides a simple experimental setup that can be used to evaluate the ultimate tensile strength of brittle materials as well as measure the full field strain across the surface of the splitting tensile test cylindrical specimen. Since the DIC measurement technique is a contact free measurement this method can be used to assess sample failure.
    MeSH term(s) Construction Materials/analysis ; Elasticity ; Glass/analysis ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/instrumentation ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods ; Materials Testing ; Nylons/analysis ; Polypropylenes/analysis ; Silicates/analysis ; Tensile Strength
    Chemical Substances Nylons ; Polypropylenes ; Silicates ; fiberglass
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0128644
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  10. Article ; Online: Measurement of forces and moments around the maxillary arch for treatment of a simulated lingual incisor and high canine malocclusion using straight and mushroom archwires in fixed lingual appliances.

    Owen, Brandon / Gullion, Geoffry / Heo, Giseon / Carey, Jason P / Major, Paul W / Romanyk, Dan L

    European journal of orthodontics

    2017  Volume 39, Issue 6, Page(s) 665–672

    Abstract: Introduction: An Orthodontic SIMulator (OSIM) was used to investigate the propagation of forces and moments around a simulated archform for a gingival displaced canine and lingual displaced lateral incisor using fixed lingual orthodontic appliances.: ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: An Orthodontic SIMulator (OSIM) was used to investigate the propagation of forces and moments around a simulated archform for a gingival displaced canine and lingual displaced lateral incisor using fixed lingual orthodontic appliances.
    Methods: In-Ovation L self-ligating lingual brackets were bonded to anatomically shaped teeth on the OSIM, and the teeth were positioned such that a G4 NiTi 0.016" large maxillary mushroom archwire could be ligated in passive position. Each trial consisted of two movements: a 3mm lingual displacement of the 1-2 lateral incisor at 0.2 mm increments, and a 1.5 mm gingival displacement of the 2-3 canine at 0.15 mm increments (n = 50). Anterior brackets were repositioned to accommodate G4 NiTi 0.016" universal straight archwires (n = 50). Tests were completed at 37°C, and force and moment data in all directions was collected for each tooth around the arch at all increments.
    Results: In general, the straight archwire produced significantly larger forces and moments at the centre of resistance for teeth of interest than did mushroom archwires. Specifically, the straight archwire produced 2.62 N and 3.81 N more force in the direction of tooth movement on the tooth being moved for a gingival displaced canine and lingual displaced lateral incisor, respectively, as compared to mushroom archwires.
    Conclusions: Results from this study suggest that mushroom archwires may provide better mechanics for movement of teeth in the anterior segment when using a round archwire; however, only biomechanical data was considered in this study and there are many factors that need to be considered in treatment planning.
    MeSH term(s) Dental Alloys ; Dental Stress Analysis/methods ; Humans ; Incisor/physiopathology ; Malocclusion/therapy ; Maxilla/physiopathology ; Nickel ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Orthodontic Wires ; Stress, Mechanical ; Titanium ; Tooth Movement Techniques/instrumentation ; Tooth Movement Techniques/methods
    Chemical Substances Dental Alloys ; titanium nickelide (12035-60-8) ; Nickel (7OV03QG267) ; Titanium (D1JT611TNE)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-04-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 423731-6
    ISSN 1460-2210 ; 0141-5387
    ISSN (online) 1460-2210
    ISSN 0141-5387
    DOI 10.1093/ejo/cjx028
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