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  1. Article ; Online: Basal ganglia shape features differentiate schizoaffective disorder from schizophrenia.

    Cobia, Derin / Rich, Chaz / Smith, Matthew J / Mamah, Daniel / Csernansky, John G / Wang, Lei

    Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging

    2021  Volume 317, Page(s) 111352

    Abstract: ... brain mapping procedures (Csernansky et al., 2004b). Results revealed significant shape deformations between ...

    Abstract There is growing evidence that schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder represent closely related syndromes that vary in severity along a neurobiological continuum. In the present study, volume and shape of the basal ganglia was examined in people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder relative to healthy controls and hypothesized that unique neuroanatomical differences would be observed in each patient group. Magnetic resonance 1.5T images were obtained from schizophrenia (n = 47), schizoaffective disorder (n = 15), and from healthy control (n = 42) participants, matched for age, gender, parental socioeconomic status, and race. The caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus were characterized using high-dimensional brain mapping procedures (Csernansky et al., 2004b). Results revealed significant shape deformations between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder that also differed from control subjects. Relative to schizophrenia, schizoaffective subjects showed exaggerated inward deformations indicative of localized volume loss in subregions of the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus (all p < 0.001). These shape features correlated with mental flexibility and negative symptoms in schizophrenia (all p < 0.05), but not schizoaffective disorder. To the extent that differences in important basal ganglia substructures reflect biological heterogeneity among these two psychotic illnesses, this data could prove useful in improving diagnostic precision, as well as informing the affective component of mental illness.
    MeSH term(s) Basal Ganglia/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Mapping ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Psychotic Disorders/diagnostic imaging ; Psychotic Disorders/pathology ; Schizophrenia/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-05
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 445361-x
    ISSN 1872-7506 ; 1872-7123 ; 0925-4927 ; 0165-1781
    ISSN (online) 1872-7506 ; 1872-7123
    ISSN 0925-4927 ; 0165-1781
    DOI 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111352
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Shape features of working memory-related deep-brain regions differentiate high and low community functioning in schizophrenia.

    Alden, Eva C / Smith, Matthew J / Reilly, James L / Wang, Lei / Csernansky, John G / Cobia, Derin J

    Schizophrenia research. Cognition

    2022  Volume 29, Page(s) 100250

    Abstract: We have previously shown that schizophrenia (SCZ) participants with high community functioning demonstrate better verbal working memory (vWM) performance relative to those with low community functioning. In the present study, we investigated whether ... ...

    Abstract We have previously shown that schizophrenia (SCZ) participants with high community functioning demonstrate better verbal working memory (vWM) performance relative to those with low community functioning. In the present study, we investigated whether neuroanatomical differences in regions supporting vWM also exist between schizophrenia groups that vary on community functioning. Utilizing magnetic resonance imaging, shape features of deep-brain nuclei known to be involved in vWM were calculated in samples of high functioning (HF-SCZ,
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2800609-4
    ISSN 2215-0013
    ISSN 2215-0013
    DOI 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100250
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  3. Article: Thalamic Shape Abnormalities Differentially Relate to Cognitive Performance in Early-Onset and Adult-Onset Schizophrenia.

    Cobia, Derin / Rich, Chaz / Smith, Matthew J / Engel Gonzalez, Pedro / Cronenwett, Will / Csernansky, John G / Wang, Lei

    Frontiers in psychiatry

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 803234

    Abstract: Early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) shares many biological and clinical features with adult-onset schizophrenia (AOS), but may represent a unique subgroup with greater susceptibility for disease onset and worsened symptomatology and progression, which could ... ...

    Abstract Early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) shares many biological and clinical features with adult-onset schizophrenia (AOS), but may represent a unique subgroup with greater susceptibility for disease onset and worsened symptomatology and progression, which could potentially derive from exaggerated neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Neurobiological explanations of schizophrenia have emphasized the involvement of deep-brain structures, particularly alterations of the thalamus, which have been linked to core features of the disorder. The aim of this study was to compare thalamic shape abnormalities between EOS and AOS subjects and determine whether unique behavioral profiles related to these differences. It was hypothesized abnormal thalamic shape would be observed in anterior, mediodorsal and pulvinar regions in both schizophrenia groups relative to control subjects, but exacerbated in EOS. Magnetic resonance T1-weighted images were collected from adult individuals with EOS (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564218-2
    ISSN 1664-0640
    ISSN 1664-0640
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.803234
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  4. Article: Cognitive Empathy and Longitudinal Changes in Temporo-Parietal Junction Thickness in Schizophrenia.

    Karpouzian-Rogers, Tatiana / Cobia, Derin / Petersen, Julie / Wang, Lei / Mittal, Vijay A / Csernansky, John G / Smith, Matthew J

    Frontiers in psychiatry

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 667656

    Abstract: Objective: ...

    Abstract Objective:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564218-2
    ISSN 1664-0640
    ISSN 1664-0640
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.667656
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  5. Article ; Online: Medication-Assisted Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder: Hope for Incarcerated Patients and for Our Communities.

    Aaronson, Alexandra / Adelstein, Jonathan / Csernansky, John G

    The American journal of psychiatry

    2018  Volume 175, Issue 7, Page(s) 596–597

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Alcoholism ; Criminal Law ; Ethanol ; Humans ; Prisoners ; Prisons
    Chemical Substances Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 280045-7
    ISSN 1535-7228 ; 0002-953X
    ISSN (online) 1535-7228
    ISSN 0002-953X
    DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.18040445
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  6. Article ; Online: Diving deep into white matter to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

    Cronenwett, Will J / Csernansky, John G

    Biological psychiatry

    2013  Volume 74, Issue 6, Page(s) 396–397

    MeSH term(s) Axons/pathology ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Myelin Sheath/pathology ; Schizophrenia/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-09-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209434-4
    ISSN 1873-2402 ; 0006-3223
    ISSN (online) 1873-2402
    ISSN 0006-3223
    DOI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.07.007
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  7. Article ; Online ; Conference proceedings: Abstracts of the 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society of Biological Psychiatry, May 8-12, 2014, New York City, New York.

    Csernansky, John G / Soares, Jair

    Biological psychiatry

    2014  Volume 75, Issue 9 Suppl, Page(s) S1–401

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biological Psychiatry ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-05-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Congresses ; Overall
    ZDB-ID 209434-4
    ISSN 1873-2402 ; 0006-3223
    ISSN (online) 1873-2402
    ISSN 0006-3223
    DOI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.02.002
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  8. Article ; Online: Implementation Barriers and Experiences of Eligible Patients Who Failed to Enroll in Collaborative Care for Depression and Anxiety.

    Fu, Emily / Carroll, Allison J / Rosenthal, Lisa J / Rado, Jeffrey / Burnett-Zeigler, Inger / Jordan, Neil / Carlo, Andrew D / Ekwonu, Adaora / Kust, Ariella / Brown, C Hendricks / Csernansky, John G / Smith, Justin D

    Journal of general internal medicine

    2022  Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 366–374

    Abstract: Background: Effective and efficient implementation of the Collaborative Care Model (CoCM) for depression and anxiety is imperative for program success. Studies examining barriers to implementation often omit patient perspectives.: Objectives: To ... ...

    Abstract Background: Effective and efficient implementation of the Collaborative Care Model (CoCM) for depression and anxiety is imperative for program success. Studies examining barriers to implementation often omit patient perspectives.
    Objectives: To explore experiences and attitudes of eligible patients referred to CoCM who declined participation or were unable to be reached, and identify implementation barriers to inform strategies.
    Design: Convergent mixed-methods study with a survey and interview.
    Participants: Primary care patients at an academic medical center who were referred to a CoCM program for anxiety and depression by their primary care clinician (PCC) but declined participation or were unable to be reached by the behavioral health care manager to initiate care (n = 80). Interviews were conducted with 45 survey respondents.
    Main measures: Survey of patients' referral experiences and behavioral health preferences as they related to failing to enroll in the program. Interview questions were developed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research version 2.0 (CFIR 2.0) to identify implementation barriers to enrollment.
    Key results: Survey results found that patients were uncertain about insurance coverage, did not understand the program, and felt services were not necessary. Referred patients who declined participation were concerned about how their mental health information would be used and preferred treatment without medication. Men agreed more that they did not need services. Qualitative results exhibited a variety of implementation determinants (n = 23) across the five CFIR 2.0 domains. Barriers included mental health stigma, perceiving behavioral health as outside of primary care practice guidelines, short or infrequent primary care appointments, prioritizing physical health over mental health, receiving inaccurate program information, low motivation to engage, and a less established relationship with their PCC.
    Conclusions: Multiple barriers to enrollment led to failing to link patients to care, which can inform implementation strategies to address the patient-reported experiences and concerns.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Primary Health Care/methods ; Depression ; Anxiety Disorders ; Mental Health ; Anxiety
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639008-0
    ISSN 1525-1497 ; 0884-8734
    ISSN (online) 1525-1497
    ISSN 0884-8734
    DOI 10.1007/s11606-022-07750-8
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  9. Article ; Online: Thought, feeling, and action in real time--monitoring of drug use in schizophrenia.

    Csernansky, John G / Smith, Matthew J

    The American journal of psychiatry

    2011  Volume 168, Issue 2, Page(s) 120–122

    MeSH term(s) Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology ; Comorbidity ; Computers, Handheld ; Emotions/drug effects ; Humans ; Marijuana Abuse/epidemiology ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Psychoses, Substance-Induced/epidemiology ; Psychoses, Substance-Induced/etiology ; Schizophrenia/chemically induced ; Schizophrenia/epidemiology ; Schizophrenic Psychology ; Self Medication ; Street Drugs/adverse effects ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Thinking/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Street Drugs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 280045-7
    ISSN 1535-7228 ; 0002-953X
    ISSN (online) 1535-7228
    ISSN 0002-953X
    DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10111601
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  10. Article: Structural MRI as a tool for the study of neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative disorders.

    Csernansky, J G

    Journal of analytical toxicology

    2001  Volume 25, Issue 5, Page(s) 414–418

    Abstract: High-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging affords an unprecedented opportunity to study the severity and distribution of neurodegenerative changes in the human brain. By selecting specific MR sequence parameters (i.e., TE and TR), different MR ... ...

    Abstract High-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging affords an unprecedented opportunity to study the severity and distribution of neurodegenerative changes in the human brain. By selecting specific MR sequence parameters (i.e., TE and TR), different MR signals can be received from different tissue types, such as gray and white matter. Through optimization of the contrast between different tissue types, the surfaces and internal structures of brain structures of special interest can be visualized and quantitated. Metrics such as two-dimensional areas, three-dimensional volumes, and three-dimensional shape characteristics have proven to be highly useful for quantitating the effects of toxins on the human brain. Among toxins, the effects of alcohol on the human brain have been most intensively studied using structural MR imaging. Volume losses in the cerebral cortex and other brain regions of interest have been carefully quantitated. However, because exposure to alcohol is almost always repeated over many years, the effects of normal aging must be carefully considered when making comparisons between diseased and healthy populations. In contrast to the literature on alcohol, structural MR imaging has been relatively underutilized in the study of drugs and other chemicals such as MPTP and other drugs of abuse that are toxic to special populations of neurons. However, as the resolution of structural MR continues to improve, the structural characteristics of such neuron populations will be visualized and quantitated, and successful use of structural MR imaging for the study of such toxins will become possible.
    MeSH term(s) Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects ; Alcohol Drinking/metabolism ; Brain/drug effects ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Diseases/chemically induced ; Brain Diseases/metabolism ; Brain Diseases/pathology ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; MPTP Poisoning/metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/chemically induced ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/pathology ; Substance Abuse Detection/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2001-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 752391-9
    ISSN 1945-2403 ; 0146-4760
    ISSN (online) 1945-2403
    ISSN 0146-4760
    DOI 10.1093/jat/25.5.414
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