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Article ; Online: "Local control": another core concept of physiology.

R Shannon, Thomas / Michael, Joel

2023 Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 796–800

Abstract: The maintenance of a more or less constant internal environment by homeostatic (negative feedback) mechanisms is well understood, and "homeostasis" is regarded as an important core concept for students to understand. However, there are critically ... ...

Abstract	The maintenance of a more or less constant internal environment by homeostatic (negative feedback) mechanisms is well understood, and "homeostasis" is regarded as an important core concept for students to understand. However, there are critically important control mechanisms that operate at the local level and are more or less independent of homeostasis. Here we define a core concept of "local control," present examples of it in many different organ systems, and propose a conceptual framework for it. Local control, like all of the other core concepts, can provide students with a learning tool that can facilitate understanding physiology.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Learning ; Students ; Physiology/education
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1024917-5
ISSN	1522-1229 ; 1043-4046
ISSN (online)	1522-1229
ISSN	1043-4046
DOI	10.1152/advan.00134.2023
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Article: Preoperative Management of the Adult Oncology Patient.

Popovich, Shannon M / Vetter, Thomas R

Anesthesiology clinics

2023 Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 145–158

Abstract: Anesthesiologists are experiencing first-hand the aging population, given older patients more frequently presenting for surgery, often with geriatric syndromes influencing their anesthetic management. The overall incidence and health burden of cancer ... ...

Abstract	Anesthesiologists are experiencing first-hand the aging population, given older patients more frequently presenting for surgery, often with geriatric syndromes influencing their anesthetic management. The overall incidence and health burden of cancer morbidity and mortality are also rapidly increasing worldwide. This growth in the cancer population, along with the associated risk factors and comorbidities often accompanying a cancer diagnosis, underscores the need for anesthesiologists to become well versed in the preoperative evaluation and management of the adult patient with cancer. This article will focus on the unique challenges and opportunities for the anesthesiologist caring for the adult oncology patient presenting for surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Aged ; Preoperative Care ; Neoplasms/surgery ; Risk Factors ; Morbidity ; Aging
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2228899-5
ISSN	2210-3538 ; 1932-2275 ; 0889-8537
ISSN (online)	2210-3538
ISSN	1932-2275 ; 0889-8537
DOI	10.1016/j.anclin.2023.07.004
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Article ; Online: Racial Microaggressions Mediate the Association Between Posttraumatic Stress and Alcohol Use Among Women of Color Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence.

Goldstein, Silvi C / Forkus, Shannon R / Fenn, Natalie Q / Thomas, Emmanuel D / Suazo, Nazaret C / Weiss, Nicole H

Journal of dual diagnosis

2024 , Page(s) 1–15

Abstract: Objective: ...

Abstract	Objective:
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2179549-6
ISSN	1550-4271 ; 1550-4263
ISSN (online)	1550-4271
ISSN	1550-4263
DOI	10.1080/15504263.2024.2336629
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Article ; Online: Data-driven classification of cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment subtypes predicts progression in the NACC dataset.

Edmonds, Emily C / Thomas, Kelsey R / Rapcsak, Steven Z / Lindemer, Shannon L / Delano-Wood, Lisa / Salmon, David P / Bondi, Mark W

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

2024

Abstract: Introduction: Data-driven neuropsychological methods can identify mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes with stronger associations to dementia risk factors than conventional diagnostic methods.: Methods: Cluster analysis used neuropsychological ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Data-driven neuropsychological methods can identify mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes with stronger associations to dementia risk factors than conventional diagnostic methods. Methods: Cluster analysis used neuropsychological data from participants without dementia (mean age = 71.6 years) in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set (n = 26,255) and the "normal cognition" subsample (n = 16,005). Survival analyses examined MCI or dementia progression. Results: Five clusters were identified: "Optimal" cognitively normal (oCN; 13.2%), "Typical" CN (tCN; 28.0%), Amnestic MCI (aMCI; 25.3%), Mixed MCI-Mild (mMCI-Mild; 20.4%), and Mixed MCI-Severe (mMCI-Severe; 13.0%). Progression to dementia differed across clusters (oCN < tCN < aMCI < mMCI-Mild < mMCI-Severe). Cluster analysis identified more MCI cases than consensus diagnosis. In the "normal cognition" subsample, five clusters emerged: High-All Domains (High-All; 16.7%), Low-Attention/Working Memory (Low-WM; 22.1%), Low-Memory (36.3%), Amnestic MCI (16.7%), and Non-amnestic MCI (naMCI; 8.3%), with differing progression rates (High-All < Low-WM = Low-Memory < aMCI < naMCI). Discussion: Our data-driven methods outperformed consensus diagnosis by providing more precise information about progression risk and revealing heterogeneity in cognition and progression risk within the NACC "normal cognition" group.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2211627-8
ISSN	1552-5279 ; 1552-5260
ISSN (online)	1552-5279
ISSN	1552-5260
DOI	10.1002/alz.13793
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Article: Experimental Investigation of the Influence of Positive Emotion Dysregulation on Risky Behavior Following Idiographic Emotion Inductions.

Weiss, Nicole H / Schick, Melissa R / Raudales, Alexa M / Forkus, Shannon R / Thomas, Emmanuel D / Contractor, Ateka A / Sullivan, Tami P

Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

2023 Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) 490–508

Abstract: An experimental paradigm with subjective and objective assessments was used to further explicate the role of positive emotion dysregulation on risky behavior. Participants were 151 community women currently experiencing intimate partner violence and ... ...

Abstract	An experimental paradigm with subjective and objective assessments was used to further explicate the role of positive emotion dysregulation on risky behavior. Participants were 151 community women currently experiencing intimate partner violence and using substances (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2682220-9
ISSN	2167-7034 ; 2167-7026
ISSN (online)	2167-7034
ISSN	2167-7026
DOI	10.1177/21677026221133295
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Article: Iliac Crest Bone Graft Harvest for Alveolar Cleft Repair: A Systematic Review Comparing Minimally Invasive Trephine and Conventional Open Techniques.

Todd, Anna R / Fitzpatrick, Shannon / Cawthorn, Thomas R / Fraulin, Frankie O G / Robertson Harrop, A

Plastic surgery (Oakville, Ont.)

2022 Volume 32, Issue 1, Page(s) 78–85

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2869727-3
ISSN	2292-5511 ; 2292-5503
ISSN (online)	2292-5511
ISSN	2292-5503
DOI	10.1177/22925503221088840
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Article ; Online: Disparities in pancreatic cancer care and research in Native Americans: Righting a history of wrongs.

Kills First, Claymore C / Sutton, Thomas L / Shannon, Jackilen / Brody, Jonathan R / Sheppard, Brett C

Cancer

2022 Volume 128, Issue 8, Page(s) 1560–1567

Abstract: Disparities in pancreatic cancer incidence and outcomes exist in Native American populations. These disparities are multifactorial, difficult to quantify, and are influenced by historical, socioeconomic, and health care structural factors. The objective ... ...

Abstract	Disparities in pancreatic cancer incidence and outcomes exist in Native American populations. These disparities are multifactorial, difficult to quantify, and are influenced by historical, socioeconomic, and health care structural factors. The objective of this article was to assess these factors and offer a call to action to overcome them. The authors reviewed published data on pancreatic cancer in Native American populations with a focus on disparities in incidence, outcomes, and research efforts. The historical context of the interactions between Native Americans and the United States health care system was also analyzed to form actionable items to build trust and collaboration. The incidence of pancreatic cancer in Native Americans is higher than that in the general US population and has the worst survival of any major racial or ethnic group. These outcomes are influenced by a patient population with often poor access to high-quality cancer care, historical trauma potentially leading to reduced care utilization, and a lack of research focused on etiologies and comorbid conditions that contribute to these disparities. A collaborative effort between nontribal and tribal leaders and cancer centers is key to addressing disparities in pancreatic cancer outcomes and research. More population-level studies are needed to better understand the incidence, etiologies, and comorbid conditions of pancreatic cancer in Native Americans. Finally, a concerted, focused effort should be undertaken between nontribal and tribal entities to increase the access of Native Americans to high-quality care for pancreatic cancer and other lethal malignancies.
MeSH term(s)	Ethnicity ; Healthcare Disparities ; Humans ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/therapy ; Racial Groups ; United States/epidemiology ; American Indian or Alaska Native
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1429-1
ISSN	1097-0142 ; 0008-543X ; 1934-662X
ISSN (online)	1097-0142
ISSN	0008-543X ; 1934-662X
DOI	10.1002/cncr.34118
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Article ; Online: Examining the Interaction Between Potentially Morally Injurious Events and Religiosity in Relation to Alcohol Misuse Among Military Veterans.

Thomas, Emmanuel D / Weiss, Nicole H / Forkus, Shannon R / Contractor, Ateka A

Journal of traumatic stress

2021 Volume 35, Issue 1, Page(s) 314–320

Abstract: Given the disproportionate rate of alcohol misuse among veterans and related outcomes as compared to the general population, the examination of predictors of alcohol misuse in this population is imperative. Potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs), ... ...

Abstract	Given the disproportionate rate of alcohol misuse among veterans and related outcomes as compared to the general population, the examination of predictors of alcohol misuse in this population is imperative. Potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs), defined as severe transgressions of a moral code, have been positively associated with alcohol misuse. Exposure to PMIEs may challenge one's religious beliefs, which may, in turn, influence the strength of the association between PMIEs and alcohol misuse among military veterans. The goal of the current study was to examine the potential moderating role of religiosity in the association between PMIEs and alcohol misuse (i.e., alcohol consumption, drinking behaviors, adverse reactions to drinking, and alcohol-related problems). Participants were 496 military veterans in the community (M
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Alcoholism/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Morals ; Religion ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology ; Veterans
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	639478-4
ISSN	1573-6598 ; 0894-9867
ISSN (online)	1573-6598
ISSN	0894-9867
DOI	10.1002/jts.22682
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Article ; Online: Francisella tularensis Exploits AMPK Activation to Harvest Host-Derived Nutrients Liberated from Host Lipolysis.

Dominguez, Sedelia R / Whiles, Shannon / Deobald, Kelly N / Kawula, Thomas

Infection and immunity

2022 Volume 90, Issue 8, Page(s) e0015522

Abstract: Francisella tularensis is a zoonotic, facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that replicates in a variety of cell types during infection. Following entry into the cell and phagosome escape, the bacterium replicates rapidly in the cytoplasm. F. ... ...

Abstract	Francisella tularensis is a zoonotic, facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that replicates in a variety of cell types during infection. Following entry into the cell and phagosome escape, the bacterium replicates rapidly in the cytoplasm. F. tularensis intracellular growth depends on the availability of metabolizable essential nutrients to support replication. However, the mechanism by which metabolizable nutrients become available to the bacterium in the intracellular environment is not fully understood. We found that F. tularensis-infected cells had significantly smaller and fewer lipid droplets than uninfected cells. Inhibition of triacylglycerol degradation significantly reduced bacterial growth, whereas inhibition of triacylglycerol formation did not reduce bacterial growth, suggesting that triacylglycerols sequestered within lipid droplets are important nutrient sources for F. tularensis. We found that F. tularensis-infected cells had increased activation of lipolysis and the upstream regulatory protein AMP protein kinase (AMPK). These data suggest that F. tularensis exploits AMPK activation and lipid metabolism to use host-derived nutrients. Finally, we found that AMPK activation is correlated with an increased bacterial burden, which suggests that it is a host-mediated response to nutrient starvation that results from increased bacterial replication. Altogether, we conclude that F. tularensis exploits AMPK activation to access nutrients sequestered in lipid droplets, specifically glycerol and fatty acids, to undergo efficient bacterial replication and cause successful infection.
MeSH term(s)	AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Francisella tularensis ; Humans ; Lipolysis ; Nutrients ; Phagosomes/microbiology ; Triglycerides/metabolism ; Tularemia/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Triglycerides ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.31)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218698-6
ISSN	1098-5522 ; 0019-9567
ISSN (online)	1098-5522
ISSN	0019-9567
DOI	10.1128/iai.00155-22
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Article ; Online: Religiosity and hazardous substance use: The moderating role of trauma-related shame.

Channell, Isabella / Thomas, Emmanuel D / Forkus, Shannon R / Salvatore, Gianna / Vieira, Monica / Weiss, Nicole H

The American journal on addictions

2022 Volume 32, Issue 3, Page(s) 274–282

Abstract: Background and objectives: Hazardous substance use is a major public health concern among individuals with a history of sexual victimization. Although increased religiosity has been known to serve as a protective factor against hazardous substance use, ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: Hazardous substance use is a major public health concern among individuals with a history of sexual victimization. Although increased religiosity has been known to serve as a protective factor against hazardous substance use, religious individuals with a history of sexual victimization may be at a greater risk for hazardous substance use due to difficulties reconciling sexual victimization with their religious beliefs. Individuals with greater trauma-related shame may engage in hazardous substance use as a means of coping with the traumatic event. Method: The present study consisted of 614 participants (M Results: Results suggested that organizational, nonorganizational, and intrinsic religiosity were positively associated with hazardous alcohol use at higher, but not lower, levels of trauma-related shame. Organizational and intrinsic religiosity were positively associated with hazardous drug use at higher, but not lower, levels of trauma-related shame. Conclusions and scientific significance: This is the first study to examine the role of trauma-related shame in the relationship between religiosity and hazardous substance use. The findings underline the importance of targeting trauma-related shame in religious individuals with a history of sexual victimization.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Male ; Religion ; Sexual Behavior ; Adaptation, Psychological ; Shame ; Hazardous Substances
Chemical Substances	Hazardous Substances
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1141440-6
ISSN	1521-0391 ; 1055-0496
ISSN (online)	1521-0391
ISSN	1055-0496
DOI	10.1111/ajad.13369
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