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  1. Article ; Online: Internal Delensing of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization B-Modes with the POLARBEAR Experiment.

    Adachi, S / Aguilar Faúndez, M A O / Akiba, Y / Ali, A / Arnold, K / Baccigalupi, C / Barron, D / Beck, D / Bianchini, F / Borrill, J / Carron, J / Cheung, K / Chinone, Y / Crowley, K / El Bouhargani, H / Elleflot, T / Errard, J / Fabbian, G / Feng, C /
    Fujino, T / Goeckner-Wald, N / Hasegawa, M / Hazumi, M / Hill, C A / Howe, L / Katayama, N / Keating, B / Kikuchi, S / Kusaka, A / Lee, A T / Leon, D / Linder, E / Lowry, L N / Matsuda, F / Matsumura, T / Minami, Y / Namikawa, T / Navaroli, M / Nishino, H / Peloton, J / Pham, A T P / Poletti, D / Puglisi, G / Reichardt, C L / Segawa, Y / Sherwin, B D / Silva-Feaver, M / Siritanasak, P / Stompor, R / Tajima, O / Takatori, S / Tanabe, D / Teply, G P / Vergès, C

    Physical review letters

    2020  Volume 124, Issue 13, Page(s) 131301

    Abstract: ... B-mode polarization delensing on subdegree scales at more than 5σ significance. We achieve a 14% B ... paving the way for the optimal analysis of next-generation primordial B-mode experiments. ...

    Abstract Using only cosmic microwave background polarization data from the polarbear experiment, we measure B-mode polarization delensing on subdegree scales at more than 5σ significance. We achieve a 14% B-mode power variance reduction, the highest to date for internal delensing, and improve this result to 22% by applying for the first time an iterative maximum a posteriori delensing method. Our analysis demonstrates the capability of internal delensing as a means of improving constraints on inflationary models, paving the way for the optimal analysis of next-generation primordial B-mode experiments.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.131301
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  2. Article ; Online: Diabetes Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs).

    Vergès, Bruno

    Annales d'endocrinologie

    2023  Volume 84, Issue 3, Page(s) 351

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Lung Neoplasms
    Chemical Substances Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-24
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 299-9
    ISSN 2213-3941 ; 0003-4266
    ISSN (online) 2213-3941
    ISSN 0003-4266
    DOI 10.1016/j.ando.2023.03.012
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  3. Article ; Online: Cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes, an underestimated danger: Epidemiological and pathophysiological data.

    Vergès, Bruno

    Atherosclerosis

    2023  

    Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CV) is a common complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and a leading cause of death. T1D patients are more likely to develop CV disease (CVD) early in life and show a reduction of life expectancy of at least 11 years. Patients with ...

    Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CV) is a common complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and a leading cause of death. T1D patients are more likely to develop CV disease (CVD) early in life and show a reduction of life expectancy of at least 11 years. Patients with a young age of T1D onset have a substantially higher CV risk. The reasons for increased atherosclerosis in T1D patients are not entirely explained. In addition to the typical CV risk factors, long-term hyperglycemia has a significant impact by inducing oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, monocyte adhesion, arterial wall thickening and endothelial dysfunction. Additionally, CVD in T1D is also associated with nephropathy. However, CVD risk is still significantly increased in T1D patients, in good glycemic control without additional CV risk factors, indicating the involvement of supplementary potential factors. By increasing oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, hypoglycemia and glucose variability may exacerbate CVD. Moreover, significant qualitative and functional abnormalities of lipoproteins are present in even well-controlled T1D patients and are likely to play a role in the development of atherosclerosis and the promotion of CVD. According to recent research, immune system dysfunction, which is typical of auto-immune T1D, may also promote CVD, likely via inflammatory pathways. In addition, T1D patients who are overweight or obese exhibit an additional CV risk due to pathophysiological mechanisms that are similar to those seen in T2D.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-20
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80061-2
    ISSN 1879-1484 ; 0021-9150
    ISSN (online) 1879-1484
    ISSN 0021-9150
    DOI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.06.005
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  4. Article ; Online: Systems biology and artificial intelligence analysis highlights the pleiotropic effect of IVIg therapy in autoimmune diseases with a predominant role on B cells and complement system.

    Segú-Vergés, Cristina / Caño, Silvia / Calderón-Gómez, Elisabeth / Bartra, Helena / Sardon, Teresa / Kaveri, Srini / Terencio, José

    Frontiers in immunology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 901872

    Abstract: ... from IVIg treatment were mainly characterized by deregulated processes in B cells and the complement system ... Indeed, our results show that proteins related to B-cell and complement system pathways, which are ... through several mechanisms. Although B-cell responses and complement system have a key role in diseases benefiting from IVIg ...

    Abstract Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is used as treatment for several autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, but its specific mechanisms are not fully understood. Herein, we aimed to evaluate, using systems biology and artificial intelligence techniques, the differences in the pathophysiological pathways of autoimmune and inflammatory conditions that show diverse responses to IVIg treatment. We also intended to determine the targets of IVIg involved in the best treatment response of the evaluated diseases. Our selection and classification of diseases was based on a previously published systematic review, and we performed the disease characterization through manual curation of the literature. Furthermore, we undertook the mechanistic evaluation with artificial neural networks and pathway enrichment analyses. A set of 26 diseases was selected, classified, and compared. Our results indicated that diseases clearly benefiting from IVIg treatment were mainly characterized by deregulated processes in B cells and the complement system. Indeed, our results show that proteins related to B-cell and complement system pathways, which are targeted by IVIg, are involved in the clinical response. In addition, targets related to other immune processes may also play an important role in the IVIg response, supporting its wide range of actions through several mechanisms. Although B-cell responses and complement system have a key role in diseases benefiting from IVIg, protein targets involved in such processes are not necessarily the same in those diseases. Therefore, IVIg appeared to have a pleiotropic effect that may involve the collaborative participation of several proteins. This broad spectrum of targets and 'non-specificity' of IVIg could be key to its efficacy in very different diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Artificial Intelligence ; Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy ; Complement System Proteins ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Systems Biology
    Chemical Substances Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Complement System Proteins (9007-36-7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.901872
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  5. Article ; Online: Intestinal lipid absorption and transport in type 2 diabetes.

    Vergès, Bruno

    Diabetologia

    2022  Volume 65, Issue 10, Page(s) 1587–1600

    Abstract: ... in chylomicron synthesis; (2) higher stability and availability of apolipoprotein B-48; and (3) increased de novo ...

    Abstract Postprandial hyperlipidaemia is an important feature of diabetic dyslipidaemia and plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Postprandial hyperlipidaemia in type 2 diabetes is secondary to increased chylomicron production by the enterocytes and delayed catabolism of chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants. Insulin and some intestinal hormones (e.g. glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1]) influence intestinal lipid metabolism. In individuals with type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and possibly reduced GLP-1 secretion are involved in the pathophysiology of postprandial hyperlipidaemia. Several factors are involved in the overproduction of chylomicrons: (1) increased expression of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, which is a key enzyme in chylomicron synthesis; (2) higher stability and availability of apolipoprotein B-48; and (3) increased de novo lipogenesis. Individuals with type 2 diabetes present with disorders of cholesterol metabolism in the enterocytes with reduced absorption and increased synthesis. The increased production of chylomicrons in type 2 diabetes is also associated with a reduction in their catabolism, mostly because of a reduction in activity of lipoprotein lipase. Modification of the microbiota, which is observed in type 2 diabetes, may also generate disorders of intestinal lipid metabolism, but human data remain limited. Some glucose-lowering treatments significantly influence intestinal lipid absorption and transport. Postprandial hyperlipidaemia is reduced by metformin, pioglitazone, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists. The most pronounced effect is observed with GLP-1 agonists, which reduce chylomicron production significantly in individuals with type 2 diabetes and have a direct effect on the intestine by reducing the expression of genes involved in intestinal lipoprotein metabolism. The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on intestinal lipid metabolism needs to be clarified.
    MeSH term(s) Apolipoprotein B-48/metabolism ; Apolipoprotein B-48/pharmacology ; Cholesterol ; Chylomicron Remnants/metabolism ; Chylomicron Remnants/pharmacology ; Chylomicrons/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/metabolism ; Glucose/pharmacology ; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Insulin/metabolism ; Intestinal Absorption ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipoprotein Lipase/metabolism ; Lipoproteins ; Metformin/pharmacology ; Pioglitazone ; Postprandial Period ; Sodium ; Triglycerides/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Apolipoprotein B-48 ; Chylomicron Remnants ; Chylomicrons ; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors ; Insulin ; Lipoproteins ; Triglycerides ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (89750-14-1) ; Metformin (9100L32L2N) ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Sodium (9NEZ333N27) ; Lipoprotein Lipase (EC 3.1.1.34) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Pioglitazone (X4OV71U42S)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-30
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1694-9
    ISSN 1432-0428 ; 0012-186X
    ISSN (online) 1432-0428
    ISSN 0012-186X
    DOI 10.1007/s00125-022-05765-8
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  6. Article ; Online: Abnormal hepatic apolipoprotein B metabolism in type 2 diabetes.

    Vergès, Bruno

    Atherosclerosis

    2010  Volume 211, Issue 2, Page(s) 353–360

    Abstract: Increased Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) production is a major feature of diabetic dyslipidemia with consequences on the metabolism of other lipoproteins such as Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) and High Density Lipoproteins (HDL). More precisely, we ... ...

    Abstract Increased Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) production is a major feature of diabetic dyslipidemia with consequences on the metabolism of other lipoproteins such as Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) and High Density Lipoproteins (HDL). More precisely, we observe, in patients with type 2 diabetes, an increased production of VLDL(1) particles that is potentially detrimental by generating atherogenic remnants, small dense LDL particles and triglyceride-rich HDL particles. Several pathophysiological factors are responsible for increased VLDL production, in type 2 diabetes. Among those, insulin resistance plays an important role. Indeed, defective activation of PI3-kinase, secondary to insulin resistance, is associated with a reduction of apoB degradation in the hepatocytes, a rise in MTP expression (by increasing nuclear transcription factors Fox01 and Foxa2) and an increased activity of phospholipase D1 and ARF-1, which are involved in VLDL(1) formation. Moreover, peripheral insulin resistance is responsible for increased lipolysis of adipose tissue leading to augmented portal flux of FFA to the liver and, as a consequence, activation of VLDL production. In addition, increased de novo lipogenesis is observed in type 2 diabetes. This is secondary to increased activation of SREBP-1c (Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein-1c), mainly by Endoplasmic Reticulum stress, and of ChREBP (Carbohydrate Responsive Element Binding Protein), mainly by hyperglycemia. Furthermore, decreased plasma adiponectin observed in type 2 diabetes, may also play a role in increased VLDL production by decreasing liver AMP-kinase activation and by increasing plasma FFA levels as a consequence of reduced muscle FFA oxidation.
    MeSH term(s) Adiponectin/metabolism ; Animals ; Apolipoproteins B/metabolism ; Atherosclerosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Lipogenesis ; Lipoproteins, LDL/metabolism ; Lipoproteins, VLDL/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Triglycerides/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Adiponectin ; Apolipoproteins B ; Insulin ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; Lipoproteins, VLDL ; Triglycerides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-08
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80061-2
    ISSN 1879-1484 ; 0021-9150
    ISSN (online) 1879-1484
    ISSN 0021-9150
    DOI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.01.028
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  7. Article ; Online: Genetic variability of human respiratory syncytial virus group B in Panama reveals a novel genotype BA14.

    Ábrego, Leyda E / Delfraro, Adriana / Franco, Danilo / Castillo, Juan / Castillo, Marlene / Moreno, Brechla / López-Vergès, Sandra / Pascale, Juan M / Arbiza, Juan

    Journal of medical virology

    2017  Volume 89, Issue 10, Page(s) 1734–1742

    Abstract: ... on HRSV-B in Panama have been described yet. In this study, 24 sequences of Panamanian HRSV-B ... amino acid substitutions in the Panamanian HRSV-B strains were observed, some previously described and others found only ...

    Abstract In Panama, human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is responsible of 20-40% of acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years old. Currently, little is known about the genetic variability of HRSV in Central America and the Caribbean. Recently, we reported the genetic variability of HRSV-A, however; no studies on HRSV-B in Panama have been described yet. In this study, 24 sequences of Panamanian HRSV-B, from children (<5 years) with acute respiratory infections (ARI), collected from July 2008 to November 2012 were analyzed. All sequences share the characteristic 60-nt duplication of the BA strains. Six Panamanian strains grouped with the BA10 genotype and 12 samples clustered together in a separate monophyletic clade with an aLRT support value of 0.92 and an intra-group p-distance less than 0.07. This fulfills the criteria to consider a new genotype in HRSV, which we named BA14 genotype. Another six strains remain unclassified, but closely related to BA9, BA11, or the new BA14 genotypes, according to their genetic p-distance. Different amino acid substitutions in the Panamanian HRSV-B strains were observed, some previously described and others found only on Panamanian strains. This study contributes to the knowledge of the genetic variability and evolution of HRSV in Central America.
    MeSH term(s) Child, Preschool ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Infant ; Panama/epidemiology ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/virology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/genetics ; Respiratory Tract Infections/virology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.24838
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  8. Article ; Online: Cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes: A review of epidemiological data and underlying mechanisms.

    Vergès, Bruno

    Diabetes & metabolism

    2020  Volume 46, Issue 6, Page(s) 442–449

    Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and a major cause of mortality. CVD arises earlier in life in T1D patients and is responsible for a significant reduction of at least 11 years' life expectancy. Also, ...

    Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and a major cause of mortality. CVD arises earlier in life in T1D patients and is responsible for a significant reduction of at least 11 years' life expectancy. Also, the incidence of CVD is much more pronounced in patients with T1D onset at an earlier age. However, the factors responsible for increased atherosclerosis and CVD in T1D are not yet totally clarified. In addition to the usual cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, chronic hyperglycaemia plays an important role by promoting oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, monocyte adhesion, arterial wall thickening and endothelial dysfunction. Diabetic nephropathy and cardiac autonomic neuropathy are also associated with increased CVD in T1D. In fact, the CVD risk remains significantly increased even in well-controlled T1D patients who have no additional CV risk factors, indicating that other potential factors are likely to be involved. Hypoglycemia and glucose variability could enhance CV disease by promoting oxidative stress, vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, even well-controlled T1D patients show significant qualitative and functional abnormalities of lipoproteins that are likely to be implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and premature CVD. In addition, recent data suggest that a dysfunctional immune system, which is typical of autoimmune T1D, might also promote CVD possibly through inflammatory pathways. Moreover, overweight and obese T1D patients can manifest additional CV risk through pathophysiological mechanisms resembling those observed in type 2 diabetes (T2D).
    MeSH term(s) Age of Onset ; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology ; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/metabolism ; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/metabolism ; Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology ; Cell Adhesion/physiology ; Diabetes Complications/epidemiology ; Diabetes Complications/metabolism ; Diabetes Complications/physiopathology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology ; Diabetic Nephropathies/epidemiology ; Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism ; Diabetic Nephropathies/physiopathology ; Diabetic Neuropathies/epidemiology ; Diabetic Neuropathies/metabolism ; Diabetic Neuropathies/physiopathology ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology ; Humans ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Inflammation/physiopathology ; Lipoproteins/metabolism ; Monocytes ; Overweight/epidemiology ; Overweight/metabolism ; Overweight/physiopathology ; Oxidative Stress/physiology
    Chemical Substances Lipoproteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-28
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1315751-6
    ISSN 1878-1780 ; 1262-3636 ; 0338-1684
    ISSN (online) 1878-1780
    ISSN 1262-3636 ; 0338-1684
    DOI 10.1016/j.diabet.2020.09.001
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  9. Article ; Online: Dyslipidemia in Type 1 Diabetes: AMaskedDanger.

    Vergès, Bruno

    Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM

    2020  Volume 31, Issue 6, Page(s) 422–434

    Abstract: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients show lipid disorders which are likely to play a role in their increased cardiovascular (CV) disease risk. Quantitative abnormalities of lipoproteins are noted in T1D with poor glycemic control. In T1D with optimal glycemic ... ...

    Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients show lipid disorders which are likely to play a role in their increased cardiovascular (CV) disease risk. Quantitative abnormalities of lipoproteins are noted in T1D with poor glycemic control. In T1D with optimal glycemic control, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol are normal or slightly decreased whereas HDL-cholesterol is normal or slightly increased. T1D patients, even with good glycemic control, show several qualitative and functional abnormalities of lipoproteins that are potentially atherogenic. An association between these abnormalities and CV disease risk has been reported in recent studies. Although the mechanisms underlying T1D dyslipidemia remain unclear, the subcutaneous route of insulin administration, that is responsible for peripheral hyperinsulinemia, is likely to be an important factor.
    MeSH term(s) Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis ; Dyslipidemias/etiology ; Dyslipidemias/metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin/administration & dosage ; Insulin/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Insulin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1042384-9
    ISSN 1879-3061 ; 1043-2760
    ISSN (online) 1879-3061
    ISSN 1043-2760
    DOI 10.1016/j.tem.2020.01.015
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  10. Article ; Online: [No title information]

    Louiset, Estelle / Vergès, Bruno

    Annales d'endocrinologie

    2023  Volume 84, Issue 5, Page(s) 499

    Title translation Éditorial.
    Language French
    Publishing date 2023-08-02
    Publishing country France
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 299-9
    ISSN 2213-3941 ; 0003-4266
    ISSN (online) 2213-3941
    ISSN 0003-4266
    DOI 10.1016/j.ando.2023.08.001
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