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  1. Article: Circus Activities as a Health Intervention for Children, Youth, and Adolescents: A Scoping Review.

    Coulston, Free / Cameron, Kate L / Sellick, Kath / Cavallaro, Madeline / Spittle, Alicia / Toovey, Rachel

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 5

    Abstract: Circus activities are emerging as an engaging and unique health intervention. This scoping review summarises the evidence on this topic for children and young people aged up to 24 years to map (a) participant characteristics, (b) intervention ... ...

    Abstract Circus activities are emerging as an engaging and unique health intervention. This scoping review summarises the evidence on this topic for children and young people aged up to 24 years to map (a) participant characteristics, (b) intervention characteristics, (c) health and wellbeing outcomes, and (d) to identify evidence gaps. Using scoping review methodology, a systematic search of five databases and Google Scholar was conducted up to August 2022 for peer-reviewed and grey literature. Fifty-seven of 897 sources of evidence were included (42 unique interventions). Most interventions were undertaken with school-aged participants; however, four studies included participants with age ranges over 15 years. Interventions targeted both general populations and those with defined biopsychosocial challenges (e.g., cerebral palsy, mental illness, or homelessness). Most interventions utilised three or more circus disciplines and were undertaken in naturalistic leisure settings. Dosage could be calculated for 15 of the 42 interventions (range one-96 h). Improvements in physical and/or social-emotional outcomes were reported for all studies. There is emerging evidence of positive health outcomes resulting from circus activities used in general populations and those with defined biopsychosocial challenges. Future research should focus on detailed reporting of intervention elements and increasing the evidence base in preschool-aged children and within populations with the greatest need.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm12052046
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Examining Single Session Peer-Teaching Instructional Approaches on Pre-Service Physical Education Teachers' Throwing Techniques.

    Beseler, Bradley / Plumb, Mandy S / Spittle, Michael / Johnson, Nicola F / Harvey, Jack T / Mesagno, Christopher

    Perceptual and motor skills

    2023  Volume 131, Issue 1, Page(s) 246–266

    Abstract: An important role of a Physical Education (PE) teacher is to assist students to develop the fundamental motor skills (FMS) that will allow them to participate in physical activities with competence and confidence. Thus, PE teachers require the knowledge ... ...

    Abstract An important role of a Physical Education (PE) teacher is to assist students to develop the fundamental motor skills (FMS) that will allow them to participate in physical activities with competence and confidence. Thus, PE teachers require the knowledge and skills to carry out this crucial task. In the crowded curricula of Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) programs, there are limited opportunities for pre-service PE teachers to learn how to analyze and perform a large list of motor skills. Our purposes in this study were to determine whether a single session peer-teaching intervention could improve pre-service PE teachers' short-term non-dominant hand overarm throwing performances and to examine these students' perceptions of the interventions. We allocated 47 pre-service PE teaching students (24 males; 23 females) to one of three experimental groups: a Video Analysis Group (VAG;
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Female ; Humans ; Physical Education and Training ; Curriculum ; Students ; Learning ; Feedback
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 204507-2
    ISSN 1558-688X ; 0031-5125
    ISSN (online) 1558-688X
    ISSN 0031-5125
    DOI 10.1177/00315125231214126
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Associations between physical activity and development in preschool-aged children born <30 weeks' gestation: a cohort study.

    FitzGerald, Tara L / Cameron, Kate L / Albesher, Reem A / Mentiplay, Benjamin F / Mainzer, Rheanna M / Burnett, Alice C / Treyvaud, Karli / Clark, Ross A / Anderson, Peter J / Cheong, Jeanie Ly / Doyle, Lex W / Spittle, Alicia J

    Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition

    2024  

    Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of physical activity (PA) on development (motor, cognitive, social-emotional) in children 4-5 years old born <30 weeks' gestation, and to describe subgroups of children at risk of low PA in this cohort.: Design: ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To investigate the effect of physical activity (PA) on development (motor, cognitive, social-emotional) in children 4-5 years old born <30 weeks' gestation, and to describe subgroups of children at risk of low PA in this cohort.
    Design: Longitudinal cohort study.
    Patients: 123 children born <30 weeks were recruited at birth and assessed between 4 and 5 years' corrected age.
    Main outcome measures: Development was assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition (MABC-2), Little Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (L-DCDQ), Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (Fourth Edition; WPPSI-IV), and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). To measure PA, children wore an accelerometer and parents completed a diary for 7 days. Effects of PA on developmental outcomes, and associations between perinatal risk factors and PA, were estimated using linear regression.
    Results: More accelerometer-measured PA was associated with better MABC-2 aiming and catching scores (average standard score increase per hour increase in PA: 0.54, 95% CI 0.11, 0.96; p=0.013), and lower WPPSI-IV processing speed index scores (average composite score decrease per hour increase in PA: -2.36, 95% CI -4.19 to -0.53; p=0.012). Higher accelerometer-measured PA was associated with better SDQ prosocial scores. Major brain injury in the neonatal period was associated with less moderate-vigorous and less unstructured PA at 4-5 years.
    Conclusions: Higher levels of PA are associated with aspects of motor, cognitive and social-emotional skill development in children 4-5 years old born <30 weeks. Those with major brain injury in the neonatal period may be more vulnerable to low PA at preschool age.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2007331-8
    ISSN 1468-2052 ; 1359-2998
    ISSN (online) 1468-2052
    ISSN 1359-2998
    DOI 10.1136/archdischild-2023-326045
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: The General Movement Optimality Score-Revised (GMOS-R) with Socioeconomically Stratified Percentile Ranks.

    Einspieler, Christa / Bos, Arend F / Spittle, Alicia J / Bertoncelli, Natascia / Burger, Marlette / Peyton, Colleen / Toldo, Moreno / Utsch, Fabiana / Zhang, Dajie / Marschik, Peter B

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 8

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm13082260
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Task-specific training for bicycle-riding goals in ambulant children with cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial.

    Toovey, Rachel A M / Harvey, Adrienne R / McGinley, Jennifer L / Lee, Katherine J / Shih, Sophy T F / Spittle, Alicia J

    Developmental medicine and child neurology

    2021  Volume 64, Issue 2, Page(s) 243–252

    Abstract: Aim: To determine whether a task-specific physiotherapist-led training approach is more effective than a non-specific parent-led home programme for attaining bicycle-riding goals in ambulant children with cerebral palsy (CP).: Method: Sixty-two ... ...

    Abstract Aim: To determine whether a task-specific physiotherapist-led training approach is more effective than a non-specific parent-led home programme for attaining bicycle-riding goals in ambulant children with cerebral palsy (CP).
    Method: Sixty-two ambulant children with CP aged 6 to 15 years (33 males, 29 females, mean age 9y 6mo) with bicycle-riding goals participated in this multi-centre, assessor-blind, parallel-group, superiority randomized controlled trial. Children in the task-specific group participated in a physiotherapist-led, group-based, intensive training programme. Children in the parent-led home group were provided with a practice schedule, generic written information, and telephone support. Both programmes involved a 1-week training period. The primary outcome was goal attainment at 1 week after training measured using the Goal Attainment Scale. Secondary outcomes included bicycle skills, participation in bicycle riding, functional skills, self-perception, physical activity, and health-related quality of life at 1 week and 3 months after training.
    Results: Children in the task-specific training group had greater odds of goal attainment than those in the parent-led home programme at 1 week after intervention (odds ratio [OR] 10.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.8-38.6), with evidence for superiority retained at 3 months (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.3-12.5).
    Interpretation: The task-specific physiotherapist-led training approach was more effective for attaining bicycle-riding goals than a non-specific parent-led home programme in ambulant children with CP.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Bicycling ; Cerebral Palsy/rehabilitation ; Child ; Exercise Therapy/methods ; Exercise Therapy/organization & administration ; Female ; Goals ; Humans ; Male ; Neurological Rehabilitation/methods ; Neurological Rehabilitation/organization & administration ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Parents ; Physical Therapists
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80369-8
    ISSN 1469-8749 ; 0012-1622
    ISSN (online) 1469-8749
    ISSN 0012-1622
    DOI 10.1111/dmcn.15029
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Temporal Trends in Neurodevelopmental Outcomes to 2 Years After Extremely Preterm Birth.

    Cheong, Jeanie L Y / Olsen, Joy E / Lee, Katherine J / Spittle, Alicia J / Opie, Gillian F / Clark, Marissa / Boland, Rosemarie A / Roberts, Gehan / Josev, Elisha K / Davis, Noni / Hickey, Leah M / Anderson, Peter J / Doyle, Lex W

    JAMA pediatrics

    2021  Volume 175, Issue 10, Page(s) 1035–1042

    Abstract: Importance: Survival of infants born extremely preterm (EP) (<28 weeks' gestation) has increased since the early 1990s. It is necessary to know whether increased survival is accompanied by increased neurodevelopmental disability.: Objective: To ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Survival of infants born extremely preterm (EP) (<28 weeks' gestation) has increased since the early 1990s. It is necessary to know whether increased survival is accompanied by increased neurodevelopmental disability.
    Objective: To examine changes in major (ie, moderate or severe) neurodevelopmental disability and survival free of major neurodevelopmental disability at 2 years in infants born EP.
    Design, setting, and participants: Four prospective longitudinal cohort studies comprising all EP live births at 22 to 27 weeks' gestation from April 1, 2016, to March 31, 2017, and earlier eras (1991-1992, 1997, and 2005), and contemporaneous term-born controls in the state of Victoria, Australia. Among 1208 live births during the periods studied, data were available for analysis of 2-year outcomes in 1152 children: 422 (1991-1992), 215 (1997), 263 (2005), and 252 (2016-2017). Data analysis was performed from September 17, 2020, to April 15, 2021.
    Exposures: Extreme preterm live birth.
    Main outcomes and measures: Survival, blindness, deafness, cerebral palsy, developmental delay, and neurodevelopmental disability at 2 years' corrected age. Developmental delay comprised a developmental quotient less than -1 SD relative to the control group means on the Bayley Scales for each era. Major neurodevelopmental disability comprised blindness, deafness, moderate to severe cerebral palsy, or a developmental quotient less than -2 SDs. Individual neurodevelopmental outcomes in each era were contrasted relative to the 2016-2017 cohort using logistic regression adjusted for gestational age, sex, birth weight z score, and sociodemographic variables. Changes in survival free of major neurodevelopmental disability over time were also assessed using logistic regression.
    Results: Survival to 2 years was highest in 2016-2017 (73% [215 of 293]) compared with earlier eras (1991-1992: 53% [225 of 428]; 1997: 70% [151 of 217]; 2005: 63% [170 of 270]). Blindness and deafness were uncommon (<3%). Cerebral palsy was less common in 2016-2017 (6%) than in earlier eras (1991-1992: 11%; 1997: 12%; 2005: 10%). There were no obvious changes in the rates of developmental quotient less than -2 SDs across eras (1991-1992: 18%; 1997: 22%; 2005: 7%; 2016-2017: 15%) or in rates of major neurodevelopmental disability (1991-1992: 20%; 1997: 26%; 2005: 15%; 2016-2017: 15%). Rates of survival free of major neurodevelopmental disability increased steadily over time: 42% (1991-1992), 51% (1997), 53% (2005), and 62% (2016-2017) (odds ratio, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.15-1.48 per decade; P < .001).
    Conclusions and relevance: These findings suggest that survival free of major disability at age 2 years in children born EP has increased by an absolute 20% since the early 1990s. Increased survival has not been associated with increased neurodevelopmental disability.
    MeSH term(s) Developmental Disabilities ; Humans ; Infant, Extremely Premature ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders ; Prospective Studies ; Survivors ; Victoria
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2701223-2
    ISSN 2168-6211 ; 2168-6203
    ISSN (online) 2168-6211
    ISSN 2168-6203
    DOI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.2052
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  7. Article ; Online: Surprisingly long body length of the lungworm Parafilaroides gymnurus from common seals of the Dutch North Sea.

    Elson-Riggins, Jocelyn G / Gibbons, L M / Van Liere, D W / Zinkstok, E W / Blake, D P / Alegre, F / Spittle, H / Brakefield, P M / Udo de Haes, H A / Osinga, N

    Parasitology research

    2020  Volume 119, Issue 6, Page(s) 1803–1817

    Abstract: Lungworms of the genera Parafilaroides and Otostrongylus are responsible for parasitic bronchopneumonia, the foremost disease of eastern Atlantic common seals (EACS, Phoca vitulina vitulina) in the Dutch North Sea. Recently, there have been increased ... ...

    Abstract Lungworms of the genera Parafilaroides and Otostrongylus are responsible for parasitic bronchopneumonia, the foremost disease of eastern Atlantic common seals (EACS, Phoca vitulina vitulina) in the Dutch North Sea. Recently, there have been increased reports of lungworm cases and observations of unusually long Parafilaroides sp. adults in this location. The initial aim of this study was to confirm the identity of the Parafilaroides species infecting this population. Parafilaroides are usually small and delicate, making them difficult to extract from host tissue, and there is often difficulty accessing fresh specimens for morphological study. The large size of the Dutch worms and the accessibility of specimens from numerous animals enabled the description and measurement of many intact specimens (N = 64) from multiple host animals (N = 20). Species identity was confirmed by targeted sequencing of ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA amplicons from a subset of worms. Worm morphology was consistent with descriptions for P. gymnurus, but the mature females were 1.9-fold and 3.4-fold longer than those recovered from French EACS (P ≤ 0.001) and Canadian western Atlantic common seals (Phoca vitulina concolor; P ≤ 0.0001). They were also significantly longer than mature female P. gymnurus described from other seal species, with the exception of those from harp seals of Les Escoumins, Quebec. We suggest that intraspecific genetic differences in P. gymnurus and the environment within the host could contribute to the variation reported here. This study is the first to describe P. gymnurus using morphological and molecular methods and should serve as a reference for identification of the species.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; DNA, Helminth/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; Female ; Host Specificity ; Lung/parasitology ; Metastrongyloidea/anatomy & histology ; Metastrongyloidea/classification ; Metastrongyloidea/genetics ; Metastrongyloidea/isolation & purification ; Netherlands ; North Sea ; Phoca/parasitology ; Seals, Earless/parasitology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Strongylida Infections/parasitology ; Strongylida Infections/veterinary
    Chemical Substances DNA, Helminth ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; DNA, Ribosomal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-05
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 284966-5
    ISSN 1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    ISSN (online) 1432-1955
    ISSN 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    DOI 10.1007/s00436-020-06675-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Postnatal Brain Growth Assessed by Sequential Cranial Ultrasonography in Infants Born <30 Weeks' Gestational Age.

    Cuzzilla, R / Spittle, A J / Lee, K J / Rogerson, S / Cowan, F M / Doyle, L W / Cheong, J L Y

    AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

    2018  Volume 39, Issue 6, Page(s) 1170–1176

    Abstract: Background and purpose: Brain growth in the early postnatal period following preterm birth has not been well described. This study of infants born at <30 weeks' gestational age and without major brain injury aimed to accomplish the following: 1) assess ... ...

    Abstract Background and purpose: Brain growth in the early postnatal period following preterm birth has not been well described. This study of infants born at <30 weeks' gestational age and without major brain injury aimed to accomplish the following: 1) assess the reproducibility of linear measures made from cranial ultrasonography, 2) evaluate brain growth using sequential cranial ultrasonography linear measures from birth to term-equivalent age, and 3) explore perinatal predictors of postnatal brain growth.
    Materials and methods: Participants comprised 144 infants born at <30 weeks' gestational age at a single center between January 2011 and December 2013. Infants with major brain injury seen on cranial ultrasonography or congenital or chromosomal abnormalities were excluded. Brain tissue and fluid spaces were measured from cranial ultrasonography performed as part of routine clinical care. Brain growth was assessed in 3 time intervals: <7, 7-27, and >27 days' postnatal age. Data were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients and mixed-effects regression.
    Results: A total of 429 scans were assessed for 144 infants. Several linear measures showed excellent reproducibility. All measures of brain tissue increased with postnatal age, except for the biparietal diameter, which decreased within the first postnatal week and increased thereafter. Gestational age of ≥28 weeks at birth was associated with slower growth of the biparietal diameter and ventricular width compared with gestational age of <28 weeks. Postnatal corticosteroid administration was associated with slower growth of the corpus callosum length, transcerebellar diameter, and vermis height. Sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis were associated with slower growth of the transcerebellar diameter.
    Conclusions: Postnatal brain growth in infants born at <30 weeks' gestational age can be evaluated using sequential linear measures made from routine cranial ultrasonography and is associated with perinatal predictors of long-term development.
    MeSH term(s) Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/growth & development ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature/growth & development ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Reproducibility of Results ; Ultrasonography/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603808-6
    ISSN 1936-959X ; 0195-6108
    ISSN (online) 1936-959X
    ISSN 0195-6108
    DOI 10.3174/ajnr.A5679
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Spectrum of AIDS-associated malignant disorders.

    Spittle, M F

    Lancet (London, England)

    1998  Volume 352, Issue 9131, Page(s) 907

    MeSH term(s) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications ; Hemangiosarcoma/complications ; Hemangiosarcoma/virology ; Herpesvirus 8, Human ; Humans ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/complications ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/virology
    Language English
    Publishing date 1998-09-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)60048-7
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  10. Article ; Online: The Synthesis and Anti-tumour Properties of Poly Ethoxy Ethyl Glycinamide (PEE-G) Scaffolds with Multiple PD-1 Peptides Attached.

    Shrestha, Rinu / Petley, Emma V / Farrand, Kathryn J / Jamieson, Sam A / Jiao, Wanting / Teesdale-Spittle, Paul H / Mace, Peter D / Hermans, Ian F / Rendle, Phillip M

    ChemMedChem

    2020  Volume 15, Issue 13, Page(s) 1128–1138

    Abstract: Multivalent structures can provide multiple interactions at a target site and improve binding affinity. The multivalent presentation of the anti-tumour heptapeptide, SNTSESF, was investigated. This peptide's activity has been attributed to blockade of ... ...

    Abstract Multivalent structures can provide multiple interactions at a target site and improve binding affinity. The multivalent presentation of the anti-tumour heptapeptide, SNTSESF, was investigated. This peptide's activity has been attributed to blockade of the PD-1 receptor-mediated signalling pathway. Two and four peptide units were conjugated to poly ethoxy ethyl glycinamide (PEE-G) scaffolds to prepare high-purity products. These conjugates and the peptide were examined in a mouse model implanted with GL261 tumours that indicated that presenting more than two copies of peptide SNTSESF on the dendritic scaffold does not increase anti-tumour activity per peptide. The fluorescent labelled peptide and most active multivalent peptide conjugate were therefore screened for their interaction with the human PD-L1 protein in a fluorescence polarisation assay. No indication of a specific SNTSESF peptide/PD-L1 interaction was observed. This finding was further supported by a molecular modelling binding study.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Glycine/analogs & derivatives ; Glycine/chemical synthesis ; Glycine/chemistry ; Glycine/pharmacology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Structure ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Chemical Substances PDCD1 protein, human ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor ; glycine amide (4JDT453NWO) ; Glycine (TE7660XO1C)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-02
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2218496-X
    ISSN 1860-7187 ; 1860-7179
    ISSN (online) 1860-7187
    ISSN 1860-7179
    DOI 10.1002/cmdc.202000221
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