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  1. Article: Lithocholic acid can carry out in vivo functions of vitamin D.

    Nehring, Jamie A / Zierold, Claudia / DeLuca, Hector F

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2007  Volume 104, Issue 24, Page(s) 10006–10009

    Abstract: The physiological ligand for the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). Lithocholic acid (LCA), a bile acid implicated in the progression of colon cancer, was recently shown to bind to VDR with low affinity and increase expression of the ...

    Abstract The physiological ligand for the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). Lithocholic acid (LCA), a bile acid implicated in the progression of colon cancer, was recently shown to bind to VDR with low affinity and increase expression of the xenobiotic enzymes of the CYP3A family. Thus, LCA can induce its own catabolism through the VDR. We have now found that LCA can substitute for vitamin D in the elevation of serum calcium in vitamin D-deficient rats. Further, LCA in the diet will also replace vitamin D in the mobilization of calcium from bone. Further, LCA induces CYP24-hydroxylase mRNA gene expression in the kidney of vitamin D-deficient rats. It is clear, therefore, that LCA can be absorbed into the circulation to bind to the VDR at extra-intestinal sites. These findings lend support for the idea that the VDR may have evolved from an original role in detoxification.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Calbindins ; Calcium/blood ; Calcium-Transporting ATPases/metabolism ; Detergents/metabolism ; Detergents/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Induction/drug effects ; Intestines/enzymology ; Intestines/metabolism ; Kidney/enzymology ; Kidney/metabolism ; Lithocholic Acid/metabolism ; Lithocholic Acid/pharmacology ; Male ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics ; Receptors, Calcitriol/metabolism ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Steroid Hydroxylases/biosynthesis ; Steroid Hydroxylases/genetics ; TRPV Cation Channels/metabolism ; Vitamin D Deficiency/diet therapy ; Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase
    Chemical Substances Calbindins ; Detergents ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G ; TRPV Cation Channels ; TRPV6 channel ; Lithocholic Acid (5QU0I8393U) ; Steroid Hydroxylases (EC 1.14.-) ; Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase (EC 1.14.15.16) ; Calcium-Transporting ATPases (EC 3.6.3.8) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-06-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.0703512104
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Nuclear receptor 4A2 and C/EBPbeta regulate the parathyroid hormone-mediated transcriptional regulation of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1alpha-hydroxylase.

    Zierold, Claudia / Nehring, Jamie A / DeLuca, Hector F

    Archives of biochemistry and biophysics

    2007  Volume 460, Issue 2, Page(s) 233–239

    Abstract: 1Alpha-hydroxylase is the enzyme responsible for the production of the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. 1Alpha-hydroxylase, found largely in the kidney, is known to be up-regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH), however the mechanism of ...

    Abstract 1Alpha-hydroxylase is the enzyme responsible for the production of the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. 1Alpha-hydroxylase, found largely in the kidney, is known to be up-regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH), however the mechanism of action of PTH and any required transcription factors have not been clearly identified. During gene array analysis we observed that NR4A2, a nuclear orphan receptor, is markedly up-regulated in a porcine kidney cell line (AOK-B50) following PTH stimulation. NR4A2 over-expression increases the endogenous induction of 1alpha-hydroxylase mRNA in the absence of PTH, however optimal stimulation is achieved when both NR4A2 and PTH are present. An unconventional site of action of NR4A2 was localized to a fragment comprising the sequence from -35/+22 of the 1alpha-hydroxylase promoter at a C/EBP consensus site. Study of the involvement of C/EBPbeta in the 1alpha-hydroxylase regulation revealed that the transcriptional enhancement by NR4A2 on the 1alpha-hydroxylase promoter is inhibited by C/EBPbeta. In addition, C/EBPbeta over-expression decreases the endogenous levels of both NR4A2 and 1alpha-hydroxylase mRNA.
    MeSH term(s) 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase/biosynthesis ; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase/genetics ; Animals ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta/metabolism ; Cell Line ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/physiology ; Humans ; Kidney/enzymology ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2 ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Parathyroid Hormone/metabolism ; Parathyroid Hormone/pharmacology ; Response Elements/physiology ; Swine ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Transcription, Genetic/physiology ; Up-Regulation/drug effects ; Up-Regulation/physiology
    Chemical Substances CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; NR4A2 protein, human ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2 ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Transcription Factors ; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.13)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-04-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 523-x
    ISSN 1096-0384 ; 0003-9861
    ISSN (online) 1096-0384
    ISSN 0003-9861
    DOI 10.1016/j.abb.2006.11.028
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Lithocholic acid can carry out in vivo functions of vitamin D

    Nehring, Jamie A / Zierold, Claudia / DeLuca, Hector F

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2007 June 12, v. 104, no. 24

    2007  

    Abstract: The physiological ligand for the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃. Lithocholic acid (LCA), a bile acid implicated in the progression of colon cancer, was recently shown to bind to VDR with low affinity and increase expression of the ... ...

    Abstract The physiological ligand for the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃. Lithocholic acid (LCA), a bile acid implicated in the progression of colon cancer, was recently shown to bind to VDR with low affinity and increase expression of the xenobiotic enzymes of the CYP3A family. Thus, LCA can induce its own catabolism through the VDR. We have now found that LCA can substitute for vitamin D in the elevation of serum calcium in vitamin D-deficient rats. Further, LCA in the diet will also replace vitamin D in the mobilization of calcium from bone. Further, LCA induces CYP24-hydroxylase mRNA gene expression in the kidney of vitamin D-deficient rats. It is clear, therefore, that LCA can be absorbed into the circulation to bind to the VDR at extra-intestinal sites. These findings lend support for the idea that the VDR may have evolved from an original role in detoxification.
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2007-0612
    Size p. 10006-10009.
    Publishing place National Academy of Sciences
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Using Bundled Interventions to Reduce Surgical Site Infection After Major Gynecologic Cancer Surgery.

    Johnson, Megan P / Kim, Sharon J / Langstraat, Carrie L / Jain, Sneha / Habermann, Elizabeth B / Wentink, Jean E / Grubbs, Pamela L / Nehring, Sharon A / Weaver, Amy L / McGree, Michaela E / Cima, Robert R / Dowdy, Sean C / Bakkum-Gamez, Jamie N

    Obstetrics and gynecology

    2015  Volume 127, Issue 6, Page(s) 1135–1144

    Abstract: Objective: To investigate whether implementing a bundle, defined as a set of evidence-based practices performed collectively, can reduce 30-day surgical site infections.: Methods: Baseline surgical site infection rates were determined retrospectively ...

    Abstract Objective: To investigate whether implementing a bundle, defined as a set of evidence-based practices performed collectively, can reduce 30-day surgical site infections.
    Methods: Baseline surgical site infection rates were determined retrospectively for cases of open uterine cancer, ovarian cancer without bowel resection, and ovarian cancer with bowel resection between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2012, at an academic center. A perioperative bundle was prospectively implemented during the intervention period (August 1, 2013, to September 30, 2014). Prior established elements were: patient education, 4% chlorhexidine gluconate shower before surgery, antibiotic administration, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 70% isopropyl alcohol coverage of incisional area, and cefazolin redosing 3-4 hours after incision. New elements initiated were: sterile closing tray and staff glove change for fascia and skin closure, dressing removal at 24-48 hours, dismissal with 4% chlorhexidine gluconate, and follow-up nursing phone call. Surgical site infection rates were examined using control charts, compared between periods using χ or Fisher exact test, and validated against the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program decile ranking.
    Results: The overall 30-day surgical site infection rate was 38 of 635 (6.0%) among all cases in the preintervention period, with 11 superficial (1.7%), two deep (0.3%), and 25 organ or space infections (3.9%). In the intervention period, the overall rate was 2 of 190 (1.1%), with two organ or space infections (1.1%). Overall, the relative risk reduction in surgical site infection was 82.4% (P=.01). The surgical site infection relative risk reduction was 77.6% among ovarian cancer with bowel resection, 79.3% among ovarian cancer without bowel resection, and 100% among uterine cancer. The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program decile ranking improved from the 10th decile to first decile; risk-adjusted odds ratio for surgical site infection decreased from 1.6 (95% confidence interval 1.0-2.6) to 0.6 (0.3-1.1).
    Conclusion: Implementation of an evidence-based surgical site infection reduction bundle was associated with substantial reductions in surgical site infection in high-risk cancer procedures.
    MeSH term(s) Evidence-Based Medicine ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female/surgery ; Humans ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; Middle Aged ; Minnesota ; Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care ; Patient Care Bundles/standards ; Prospective Studies ; Quality Improvement ; Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207330-4
    ISSN 1873-233X ; 0029-7844
    ISSN (online) 1873-233X
    ISSN 0029-7844
    DOI 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001449
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Risk of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) following Colorectal Resection Is Higher in Patients With Disseminated Cancer: An NCCN Member Cohort Study.

    Kamboj, Mini / Childers, Teresa / Sugalski, Jessica / Antonelli, Donna / Bingener-Casey, Juliane / Cannon, Jamie / Cluff, Karie / Davis, Kimberly A / Dellinger, E Patchen / Dowdy, Sean C / Duncan, Kim / Fedderson, Julie / Glasgow, Robert / Hall, Bruce / Hirsch, Marilyn / Hutter, Matthew / Kimbro, Lisa / Kuvshinoff, Boris / Makary, Martin /
    Morris, Melanie / Nehring, Sharon / Ramamoorthy, Sonia / Scott, Rebekah / Sovel, Mindy / Strong, Vivian / Webster, Ashley / Wick, Elizabeth / Aguilar, Julio Garcia / Carlson, Robert / Sepkowitz, Kent

    Infection control and hospital epidemiology

    2018  Volume 39, Issue 5, Page(s) 555–562

    Abstract: BACKGROUNDSurgical site infections (SSIs) following colorectal surgery (CRS) are among the most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Reduction in colorectal SSI rates is an important goal for surgical quality improvement.OBJECTIVETo examine ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUNDSurgical site infections (SSIs) following colorectal surgery (CRS) are among the most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Reduction in colorectal SSI rates is an important goal for surgical quality improvement.OBJECTIVETo examine rates of SSI in patients with and without cancer and to identify potential predictors of SSI risk following CRSDESIGNAmerican College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) data files for 2011-2013 from a sample of 12 National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) member institutions were combined. Pooled SSI rates for colorectal procedures were calculated and risk was evaluated. The independent importance of potential risk factors was assessed using logistic regression.SETTINGMulticenter studyPARTICIPANTSOf 22 invited NCCN centers, 11 participated (50%). Colorectal procedures were selected by principal procedure current procedural technology (CPT) code. Cancer was defined by International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes.MAIN OUTCOMEThe primary outcome of interest was 30-day SSI rate.RESULTSA total of 652 SSIs (11.06%) were reported among 5,893 CRSs. Risk of SSI was similar for patients with and without cancer. Among CRS patients with underlying cancer, disseminated cancer (SSI rate, 17.5%; odds ratio [OR], 1.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-2.26; P=.001), ASA score ≥3 (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.09-1.83; P=.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.06-2.53; P=.02), and longer duration of procedure were associated with development of SSI.CONCLUSIONSPatients with disseminated cancer are at a higher risk for developing SSI. ASA score >3, COPD, and longer duration of surgery predict SSI risk. Disseminated cancer should be further evaluated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in generating risk-adjusted outcomes.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:555-562.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery ; Databases, Factual ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rectum/surgery ; Risk Factors ; Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology ; Surgical Wound Infection/etiology ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 639378-0
    ISSN 1559-6834 ; 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
    ISSN (online) 1559-6834
    ISSN 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
    DOI 10.1017/ice.2018.40
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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