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Article ; Online: A systematic evaluation of physical activity and diet policies in Scotland: results from the 2021 Active Healthy Kids Report Card.

Tomaz, Simone A / Reilly, John J / Johnstone, Avril / Hughes, Adrienne / Robertson, Jenni / Craig, Leone C A / Bardid, Farid

Journal of public health (Oxford, England)

2024

Abstract: Background: Policymaking regarding physical activity (PA) and diet plays an important role in childhood health promotion. This study provides a detailed examination of Scottish government and policy for child and adolescent PA and diet and discusses ... ...

Abstract	Background: Policymaking regarding physical activity (PA) and diet plays an important role in childhood health promotion. This study provides a detailed examination of Scottish government and policy for child and adolescent PA and diet and discusses strengths and areas for improvement. Methods: Scottish policy documents (n = 18 [PA]; n = 10 [diet])-published in 2011-20-were reviewed for grading using an adapted version of the Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Audit Tool Version 2. Results: There is clear evidence of leadership and commitment to improving PA and diet and tackling obesity in children and adolescents. The allocation of funds and resources for policy implementation has increased substantially over the past decade. Progress through early key stages of public policymaking-policy agenda and formation-has improved. However, there is limited information on later key stages, including policy monitoring and evaluation. Conclusions: Childhood PA and diet are a clear priority in Scotland, and PA and diet policies clearly support the desire to achieve other goals, including reducing inequalities and increasing active travel in Scotland. Nonetheless, future policies should be further strengthened through clear(er) plans of implementation, and monitoring and evaluation to support their societal impact.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2142082-8
ISSN	1741-3850 ; 1741-3842
ISSN (online)	1741-3850
ISSN	1741-3842
DOI	10.1093/pubmed/fdae022
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Article ; Online: Workplace Physical Activity Within the Gulf Cooperation Council Region

Abdulaziz A. Alkhubaizi / Gemma C. Ryde / Simone A. Tomaz / Anna C. Whittaker

Physical Activity and Health, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 191–204-191–

A Scoping Review

2023 Volume 204

Abstract: Objectives: To identify and examine available literature addressing physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in the workplace in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. Design: Scoping Review Method: Academic and gray literature databases ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To identify and examine available literature addressing physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in the workplace in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. Design: Scoping Review Method: Academic and gray literature databases were searched for studies published prior to April 2021. Only studies conducted in the GCC region, available in Arabic or English, and addressing workplace PA were included. Results: Ten studies were identified; seven intervention studies, a cross-sectional study, a peer-reviewed brief report, and a 5-year strategy document. For the interventional studies, duration ranged from 3–26 weeks. Interventions delivered varied and included those focusing on multiple behaviour (diet and physical activity), walking challenges, and supervised exercise in paid time. Most included behavior change strategies like prompts, incentives, and education. PA was only measured in four intervention studies with most reporting no significant changes. The one study that reported significant changes from a national workplace walking challenge had a less robust study design and methods making these results difficult to interpret. Studies were hampered by poor study design and reporting of research and intervention details. Two studies reported hot weather and lack of time as barriers to workplace-PA in the GCC region. Conclusions: Literature on workplace PA and SB interventions in the GCC region is limited. Well-designed studies using standardised measures are required to assess PA interventions in GCC workplaces. Further, higher quality research is required to assess motivators and barriers to workplace PA in the GCC to develop sustainable workplace PA interventions.
Keywords	workplace ; physical activity ; sedentary life ; gcc region ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	306 ; 796
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Ubiquity Press
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Results from Scotland's 2021 report card on physical activity and health for children and youth: Grades, secular trends, and socio-economic inequalities.

Bardid, Farid / Tomaz, Simone A / Johnstone, Avril / Robertson, Jenni / Craig, Leone C A / Reilly, John J

Journal of exercise science and fitness

2022 Volume 20, Issue 4, Page(s) 317–322

Abstract: Background: The 2021 Active Healthy Kids Scotland Report Card aimed to identify secular trends and socio-economic inequalities, and to assess the physical activity and health of children and youth prior to COVID-19.: Methods: An expert panel searched ...

Abstract	Background: The 2021 Active Healthy Kids Scotland Report Card aimed to identify secular trends and socio-economic inequalities, and to assess the physical activity and health of children and youth prior to COVID-19. Methods: An expert panel searched for data published in 2018-2020. Grades were assigned to nationally representative data using the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance methodology. Results: The expert panel, following national consultation, awarded the following grades: Community/Environment B-, Organized Sport and Physical Activity B-, Government/Policy C-/C+, Active Transportation C-, Family/Peers D-, Recreational Screen Time F. Five indicators were graded inconclusive (INC): Overall Physical Activity; Active Play; Physical Fitness; Diet; Obesity. Grades have remained stable or declined, and surveillance has reduced, increasing the number of INC grades. There were marked socio-economic inequalities for eight indicators (Recreational Screen Time; Overall Physical Activity; Organized Sport & Physical Activity; Active Transportation; Diet; Obesity; Family/Peers; Community/Environment). Conclusions: Despite a decade of favorable policy, physical activity and health of children and youth has not improved, and marked socio-economic inequalities continue to persist in Scotland. There is a clear need for greater monitoring of physical activity and health, and improved policy implementation and evaluation, particularly as many indicators and related inequalities may have worsened following the COVID-19 pandemic.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-19
Publishing country	Singapore
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2205204-5
ISSN	1728-869X
ISSN	1728-869X
DOI	10.1016/j.jesf.2022.07.002
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Article ; Online: Measuring Productivity, Perceived Stress and Work Engagement of a Nationally Delivered Workplace Step Count Challenge.

Ryde, Gemma C / Tomaz, Simone A / Sandison, Krissi / Greenwood, Carl / Kelly, Paul

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 3

Abstract: Workplace step count challenges show promise with regard to increasing physical activity, with walking linked to many positive physical and mental health benefits. Few studies have investigated their effects on work-related outcomes. The aim of this ... ...

Abstract	Workplace step count challenges show promise with regard to increasing physical activity, with walking linked to many positive physical and mental health benefits. Few studies have investigated their effects on work-related outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe (1) the process of collecting work-related outcomes as part of a real-world workplace intervention, the Step Count Challenge, and (2) report step counts and work-related outcomes (productivity, perceived stress and work engagement) during the Step Count Challenge. This pre-post study was conducted as part of a four-week 2018 National Step Count Challenge (SCC) in Scotland, UK. A survey was administered to collect self-reported steps, productivity (HWQ), perceived stress (Cohen Perceived Stress Scale) and work engagement (UWES) on the week prior to the intervention starting (baseline), week 1 and week 4. Process data such as recruitment and response rates were monitored throughout. Of 2042 employees who signed up to the SCC, baseline data were reported for 246 (12% of total; mean age 42.5 years, 83% female). Process data suggest low uptake to the study and poor compliance between surveys time points. Preliminary data suggest positive changes in step counts (3374 steps/day by week 4), stress and productivity. No changes in work engagement were found. The findings highlight the need to integrate research more effectively into real-world interventions, including a true baseline period. The Step Count Challenge may have positive change on some work-related outcomes warranting further investigation into how robust research designs can be delivered without negatively influencing real-world interventions.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Efficiency ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology ; Walking/physiology ; Work Engagement ; Workplace/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph19031843
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Article ; Online: Drame moči in nemoči spomina in spominjanj (Beckett, Jovanović, Semenič)

Tomaž Toporišič

Ars & Humanitas, Vol 12, Iss 2, Pp 218-

2018 Volume 231

Abstract: ... in sedanjosti v dramski pisavi Simone Semenič. Teza, ki jo preverjamo, je, da sintetični model dramske gradnje ...

Abstract	Prispevek se ukvarja s posebnimi procedurami spomina v sodobni dramatiki, ki kljub navidezni absolutnosti sedanjosti, ki jo vedno znova reprezentira, velikokrat uporablja spomin, a ne več kot kontinuiteto spomina v smislu svetega Avguština in njegovih Izpovedi, ampak diskontinuiteto spomina v smislu beckettovskih junakov, pri katerih spomin dekonstruira veljavnost samega sebe. Na podlagi primerov (ne več)dramskih taktik od poznega modernizma do (ne več)postdramskega bomo prikazali transformacije drame spomina in spominjanja od negotovosti in izbrisa spomina poznega Samuella Becketta, preko raziskav spomina in osebne ter skupne identitete Dušana Jovanovića do postdramskih sopostavitev kolektivnega spomina novejše zgodovine in sedanjosti v dramski pisavi Simone Semenič. Teza, ki jo preverjamo, je, da sintetični model dramske gradnje ni brez alternative, ampak ga je v sodobni drami zamenjal analitični in »pripovedni« model gradnje ne več dramske pisave, v katerem se spomin emancipira od primata sedanjosti dramskega dejanja. V nasprotju z avguštinovsko pripovedjo, ki prikaže preteklost skozi spominjanja junakov v sedanjosti, s tem pa jim zagotovi tudi identiteto, je v sodobni dramatiki ravno obratno. Junaki so oropani tradicionalnih oblik spomina in pripovedi, saj bi njihova sposobnost povedati zgodbe, ki so del spomina, izključevala »kaos«, ki se zdi Beckettu bistven za formo, ki bo »dopuščala kaos« in »oskrbela zmešnjavo« ter zamenjala klasično dramsko obliko.
Keywords	absolutna drama ; sodobna dramatika ; postdramsko ; ne več dramsko ; procedure spomina ; History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ; AZ20-999 ; Literature (General) ; PN1-6790
Language	German
Publishing date	2018-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	University of Ljubljana Press (Založba Univerze v Ljubljani)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Measuring Productivity, Perceived Stress and Work Engagement of a Nationally Delivered Workplace Step Count Challenge

Gemma C. Ryde / Simone A. Tomaz / Krissi Sandison / Carl Greenwood / Paul Kelly

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 1843, p

2022 Volume 1843

Abstract	Workplace step count challenges show promise with regard to increasing physical activity, with walking linked to many positive physical and mental health benefits. Few studies have investigated their effects on work-related outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe (1) the process of collecting work-related outcomes as part of a real-world workplace intervention, the Step Count Challenge, and (2) report step counts and work-related outcomes (productivity, perceived stress and work engagement) during the Step Count Challenge. This pre-post study was conducted as part of a four-week 2018 National Step Count Challenge (SCC) in Scotland, UK. A survey was administered to collect self-reported steps, productivity (HWQ), perceived stress (Cohen Perceived Stress Scale) and work engagement (UWES) on the week prior to the intervention starting (baseline), week 1 and week 4. Process data such as recruitment and response rates were monitored throughout. Of 2042 employees who signed up to the SCC, baseline data were reported for 246 (12% of total; mean age 42.5 years, 83% female). Process data suggest low uptake to the study and poor compliance between surveys time points. Preliminary data suggest positive changes in step counts (3374 steps/day by week 4), stress and productivity. No changes in work engagement were found. The findings highlight the need to integrate research more effectively into real-world interventions, including a true baseline period. The Step Count Challenge may have positive change on some work-related outcomes warranting further investigation into how robust research designs can be delivered without negatively influencing real-world interventions.
Keywords	physical activity ; steps ; walking ; workplace ; stress ; productivity ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Identifying Key Activities, Artifacts and Roles in Agile Engineering of Secure Software with Hierarchical Clustering

Anže Mihelič / Tomaž Hovelja / Simon Vrhovec

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 4563, p

2023 Volume 4563

Abstract: Different activities, artifacts, and roles can be found in the literature on the agile engineering of secure software (AESS). The purpose of this paper is to consolidate them and thus identify key activities, artifacts, and roles that can be employed in ... ...

Abstract	Different activities, artifacts, and roles can be found in the literature on the agile engineering of secure software (AESS). The purpose of this paper is to consolidate them and thus identify key activities, artifacts, and roles that can be employed in AESS. To gain initial sets of activities, artifacts, and roles, the literature was first extensively reviewed. Activities, artifacts, and roles were then cross-evaluated with similarity matrices. Finally, similarity matrices were converted into distance matrices, enabling the use of Ward’s hierarchical clustering method for consolidating activities, artifacts, and roles into clusters. Clusters of activities, artifacts, and roles were then named as key activities, artifacts, and roles. We identified seven key activities (i.e., security auditing, security analysis and testing, security training, security prioritization and monitoring, risk management, security planning and threat modeling; and security requirements engineering), five key artifacts (i.e., security requirement artifacts, security repositories, security reports, security tags, and security policies), and four key roles (i.e., security guru, security developer, penetration tester, and security team) in AESS. The identified key activities, artifacts, and roles can be used by software development teams to improve their software engineering processes in terms of software security.
Keywords	secure software development ; security engineering ; agile methods ; agile development ; software development ; software engineering ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	005
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Building partnerships: A case study of physical activity researchers and practitioners collaborating to build evidence to inform the delivery of a workplace step count challenge.

Niven, Ailsa / Ainge, James A / Allison, Mary / Gorely, Trish / Kelly, Paul / Ozakinci, Gozde / Ryde, Gemma C / Tomaz, Simone A / Warne, Samuel / Whiteford, Victoria / Greenwood, Carl

Frontiers in sports and active living

2023 Volume 4, Page(s) 1067127

Abstract: Background: Walking is an integral part of Scotland's National Physical Activity Strategy, and the charity Paths for All's Workplace Step Count Challenge is a flagship programme within this strategy to promote physical activity. Effectively promoting ... ...

Abstract	Background: Walking is an integral part of Scotland's National Physical Activity Strategy, and the charity Paths for All's Workplace Step Count Challenge is a flagship programme within this strategy to promote physical activity. Effectively promoting physical activity requires collaborative engagement between stakeholders. However, there is limited guidance on how to do this. The aim of this case study is to share an example of a partnership between Paths for All and researchers to inform the development and delivery of the Workplace Step Count Challenge. Method: An overview of the partnership, example activities, reflections on opportunities and challenges, and suggestions for future partnership working are considered. Results: The partnership has evolved and strengthened over time through building trust. Many of the research activities provide an evidence base for the intervention. This work is mutually beneficial providing support for the work of the organisation, and opportunities for researchers to undertake "real world" research, leading to formal outputs and funding. The "real world" nature is challenging to integrate the most robust research designs. Recommendations for developing future partnerships were identified. Conclusion: Promoting physical activity effectively requires partnership working, and this paper provides insight into how such partnerships can work to inform future collaborations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2624-9367
ISSN (online)	2624-9367
DOI	10.3389/fspor.2022.1067127
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Article ; Online: Sleep and BMI in South African urban and rural, high and low-income preschool children.

Rae, Dale E / Tomaz, Simone A / Jones, Rachel A / Hinkley, Trina / Twine, Rhian / Kahn, Kathleen / Norris, Shane A / Draper, Catherine E

BMC public health

2021 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 571

Abstract: Background: The extent to which income setting or rural and urban environments modify the association between sleep and obesity in young children is unclear. The aims of this cross-sectional observational study were to (i) describe and compare sleep in ... ...

Abstract	Background: The extent to which income setting or rural and urban environments modify the association between sleep and obesity in young children is unclear. The aims of this cross-sectional observational study were to (i) describe and compare sleep in South African preschool children from rural low-income (RL), urban low-income (UL) and urban high-income (UH) settings; and (ii) test for associations between sleep parameters and body mass index (BMI). Methods: Participants were preschoolers (5.2 ± 0.7y, 49.5% boys) from RL (n = 111), UL (n = 65) and UH (n = 22) settings. Height and weight were measured. Sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity were assessed using accelerometery. Results: UL children had higher BMI z-scores (median: 0.39; interquartile range: - 0.27, 0.99) than the UH (- 0.38; - 0.88, 0.11) and RL (- 0.08; - 0.83, 0.53) children (p = 0.001). The UL children had later bedtimes (p < 0.001) and wake-up times (p < 0.001) and shorter 24 h (p < 0.001) and nocturnal (p < 0.001) sleep durations than the RL and UH children. After adjusting for age, sex, setting, SB and PA, for every hour less sleep obtained (24 h and nocturnal), children were 2.28 (95% CI: 1.28-4.35) and 2.22 (95% CI: 1.27-3.85) more likely, respectively, to belong to a higher BMI z-score quartile. Conclusions: Shorter sleep is associated with a higher BMI z-score in South African preschoolers, despite high levels of PA, with UL children appearing to be particularly vulnerable.
MeSH term(s)	Body Mass Index ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Exercise ; Humans ; Male ; Sedentary Behavior ; Sleep
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-021-10591-5
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Article ; Online: Staff perceptions towards virtual reality-motivated treadmill exercise for care home residents: a qualitative feedback study with key stakeholders and follow-up interview with technology developer.

Bradwell, Hannah Louise / Cooper, Leonie / Edwards, Katie Jane / Baxter, Rory / Tomaz, Simone A / Ritchie, John / Gaudl, Swen / Veliz-Reyes, Alejandro / Ryde, Gemma C / Križaj, Tanja / Warren, Alison / Chatterjee, Arunangsu / Willis, Katharine / Haynes, Richard / Hennessy, Catherine H / Whittaker, Anna C / Asthana, Sheena / Jones, Ray B

BMJ open

2023 Volume 13, Issue 11, Page(s) e073307

Abstract: Objectives: Health and care resources are under increasing pressure, partly due to the ageing population. Physical activity supports healthy ageing, but motivating exercise is challenging. We aimed to explore staff perceptions towards a virtual reality ( ...

Abstract	Objectives: Health and care resources are under increasing pressure, partly due to the ageing population. Physical activity supports healthy ageing, but motivating exercise is challenging. We aimed to explore staff perceptions towards a virtual reality (VR) omnidirectional treadmill (MOTUS), aimed at increasing physical activity for older adult care home residents. Design: Interactive workshops and qualitative evaluation. Settings: Eight interactive workshops were held at six care homes and two university sites across Cornwall, England, from September to November 2021. Participants: Forty-four staff participated, including care home, supported living, clinical care and compliance managers, carers, activity coordinators, occupational therapists and physiotherapists. Interventions: Participants tried the VR treadmill system, followed by focus groups exploring device design, potential usefulness or barriers for care home residents. Focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. We subsequently conducted a follow-up interview with the technology developer (September 2022) to explore the feedback impact. Results: The analysis produced seven key themes: anticipated benefits, acceptability, concerns of use, concerns of negative effects, suitability/unsuitability, improvements and current design. Participants were generally positive towards VR to motivate care home residents' physical activity and noted several potential benefits (increased exercise, stimulation, social interaction and rehabilitation). Despite the reported potential, staff had safety concerns for frail older residents due to their standing position. Participants suggested design improvements to enhance safety, usability and accessibility. Feedback to the designers resulted in the development of a new seated VR treadmill to address concerns about falls while maintaining motivation to exercise. The follow-up developer interview identified significant value in academia-industry collaboration. Conclusion: The use of VR-motivated exercise holds the potential to increase exercise, encourage reminiscence and promote meaningful activity for care home residents. Staff concerns resulted in a redesigned seated treadmill for those too frail to use the standing version. This novel study demonstrates the importance of stakeholder feedback in product design.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Follow-Up Studies ; Feedback ; Homes for the Aged ; Exercise ; Virtual Reality
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073307
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