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  1. Article ; Online: Mental health effects following the eruption in Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland: A population-based study.

    Gissurardóttir, Ólöf Sunna / Hlodversdóttir, Heidrun / Thordardóttir, Edda Bjork / Pétursdóttir, Gudrún / Hauksdóttir, Arna

    Scandinavian journal of public health

    2018  Volume 47, Issue 2, Page(s) 251–259

    Abstract: Aim: Volcanic eruptions and other natural disasters may affect survivor's physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to examine the mental health effects of the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic eruption in Iceland on nearby residents, by ... ...

    Abstract Aim: Volcanic eruptions and other natural disasters may affect survivor's physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to examine the mental health effects of the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic eruption in Iceland on nearby residents, by exposure level and experience.
    Methods: This population-based study included 1615 residents living in an area close to the Eyjafjallajökull volcano at the time of the eruption and a sample of 697 residents from a non-exposed area. All participants received a questionnaire 6-9 months after the eruption assessing mental health (GHQ-12, PSS-4 and PC-PTSD). The exposed group also received questions related to the experience of the eruption.
    Results: Replies were received from 1146 participants in the exposed group (71%) and 510 participants in the non-exposed group (73%). Compared to the non-exposed group, participants living in the high-exposed area were at increased risk of experiencing mental distress (GHQ) 6-9 months following the eruption (odds ratio (OR) 1.45%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-1.90). High-exposed participants were furthermore at increased risk of experiencing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to those living in the low-exposed area (OR 3.71; 95% CI 1.34-15.41). We further found that those who had direct experience of the eruption were more likely to suffer from symptoms of mental distress, PTSD symptoms and perceived stress, compared to those less exposed.
    Conclusions: The findings indicate that screening for these factors (e.g. experience of the event) could potentially aid in identifying those most vulnerable to developing psychological morbidity after this unique type of disaster.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Disasters ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Iceland/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology ; Survivors/psychology ; Survivors/statistics & numerical data ; Volcanic Eruptions ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-09
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1475054-5
    ISSN 1651-1905 ; 1403-4948
    ISSN (online) 1651-1905
    ISSN 1403-4948
    DOI 10.1177/1403494817751327
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Long-term health of children following the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic eruption: a prospective cohort study.

    Hlodversdottir, Heidrun / Thorsteinsdottir, Harpa / Thordardottir, Edda Bjork / Njardvik, Urdur / Petursdottir, Gudrun / Hauksdottir, Arna

    European journal of psychotraumatology

    2018  Volume 9, Issue sup2, Page(s) 1442601

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Background
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2586642-4
    ISSN 2000-8066 ; 2000-8066 ; 2000-8198
    ISSN (online) 2000-8066
    ISSN 2000-8066 ; 2000-8198
    DOI 10.1080/20008198.2018.1442601
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Medication use in populations exposed to the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption: an interrupted time series analysis.

    Guðmundsdóttir, Rebekka Björg / Jónsson, Brynjólfur Gauti Guðrúnar / Valdimarsdottir, Unnur / Carlsen, Hanne Krage / Hlodversdottir, Heidrun / Song, Huan / Thordardottir, Edda Bjork / Pétursdóttir, Guðrún / Briem, Haraldur / Gislason, Thorarinn / Gudnason, Thorolfur / Thorsteinsson, Thröstur / Zoega, Helga / Hauksdóttir, Arna

    BMJ open

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 5, Page(s) e059375

    Abstract: Objectives: To assess the trends in medication use indicative of physical and psychological morbidity following the 2010 volcanic eruption in Eyjafjallajökull immediately after and during a 3-year period following the eruption.: Design: Population- ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To assess the trends in medication use indicative of physical and psychological morbidity following the 2010 volcanic eruption in Eyjafjallajökull immediately after and during a 3-year period following the eruption.
    Design: Population-based register study.
    Setting: Eyjafjallajökull eruption in Iceland, 2007-2013.
    Participants: All residents in Iceland who received at least one medication dispensing were identified. Residents of exposed areas were classified into exposure groups (individual-level data) and residents in other parts of Iceland were included as a non-exposed group (aggregated data).
    Intervention/exposure: Eyjafjallajökull erupted on 14 April 2010 and continued for 39 days, producing heavy ash fall in South Iceland.
    Main outcome measures: Using interrupted time series analysis, we examined annual and quarterly changes in medicine use, measured as number of dispensed defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 individuals. We calculated the level shift (immediate change) and change in slope from pre-eruption to post-eruption (long-term change) in medication dispensing.
    Results: Among exposed residents, there was a 6% decrease (95% CI -7% to -4%) in the annual number of dispensed DDDs 1-year post-eruption in the overall medication class, including analgesics (-5%, 95% CI -6% to -3%), hypnotics and sedatives (-9%, 95% CI -11% to -7%) and respiratory medications (-7%, 95% CI -9% to -5%; -8%, 95% CI -11% to -4%). Simultaneously, there was a 9% decrease (95% CI -14% to -4%) in the overall medication class among non-exposed residents. Moreover, among exposed residents, we observed change in slope of -4% (95% CI -7% to -1%) in the overall medication class, including for analgesics (-6%, 95% CI -8% to -3%) and other respiratory drugs (-10%, 95% CI -16% to -4%).
    Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the eruption did not lead to increases in medication dispensing among residents of exposed areas, rather decreases for some medicine classes. The results should be interpreted with caution since the content of each eruption differs.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Iceland/epidemiology ; Interrupted Time Series Analysis ; Morbidity ; Time ; Volcanic Eruptions/analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059375
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Long-term health effects of the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic eruption: a prospective cohort study in 2010 and 2013.

    Hlodversdottir, Heidrun / Petursdottir, Gudrun / Carlsen, Hanne Krage / Gislason, Thorarinn / Hauksdottir, Arna

    BMJ open

    2016  Volume 6, Issue 9, Page(s) e011444

    Abstract: Objectives: To examine the long-term development of physical and mental health following exposure to a volcanic eruption.: Design: Population-based prospective cohort study.: Setting: In spring 2010, the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajökull erupted. ...

    Abstract Objectives: To examine the long-term development of physical and mental health following exposure to a volcanic eruption.
    Design: Population-based prospective cohort study.
    Setting: In spring 2010, the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajökull erupted. Data were collected at 2 time points: in 2010 and 2013.
    Participants: Adult residents in areas close to the Eyjafjallajökull volcano (N=1096), divided according to exposure levels, and a non-exposed sample (n=475), with 80% participation rate in 2013.
    Main outcome measures: Physical symptoms in the previous year (chronic) and previous month (recent), and psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire-12-item version, GHQ-12), perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS-4) and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (Primary Care PTSD, PC-PTSD).
    Results: In the exposed group, certain symptoms were higher in 2013 than in 2010, for example, morning phlegm during winter (OR 2.14; 95% CI 1.49 to 3.06), skin rash/eczema (OR 2.86; 95% CI 1.76 to 4.65), back pain (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.03 to 2.05) and insomnia (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.30), in addition to a higher prevalence of regular use of certain medications (eg, for asthma (OR 2.80; 95% CI 1.01 to 7.77)). PTSD symptoms decreased between 2010 and 2013 (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.17 to 0.61), while the prevalence of psychological distress and perceived stress remained similar. In 2013, the exposed group showed a higher prevalence of various respiratory symptoms than did the non-exposed group, such as wheezing without a cold (high exposure OR 2.35; 95% CI 1.27 to 4.47) and phlegm (high exposure OR 2.81; 95% CI 1.48 to 5.55), some symptoms reflecting the degree of exposure (eg, nocturnal chest tightness (medium exposed OR 3.09; 95% CI 1.21 to 10.46; high exposed OR 3.42; 95% CI 1.30 to 11.79)).
    Conclusions: The findings indicate that people exposed to a volcanic eruption, especially those most exposed, exhibit increased risk of certain symptoms 3-4 years after the eruption.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cohort Studies ; Eye Diseases/epidemiology ; Female ; Health Status ; Heart Diseases/epidemiology ; Humans ; Iceland/epidemiology ; Male ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Time ; Volcanic Eruptions ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-09-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2747269-3
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055 ; 2053-3624
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2053-3624
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011444
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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