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Article ; Online: Severe NAD(P)HX Dehydratase (NAXD) Neurometabolic Syndrome May Present in Adulthood after Mild Head Trauma.

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 4

Abstract: We have previously reported that pathogenic variants in a key metabolite repair enzyme NAXD cause a lethal neurodegenerative condition triggered by episodes of fever in young children. However, the clinical and genetic spectrum of NAXD deficiency is ... ...

Abstract	We have previously reported that pathogenic variants in a key metabolite repair enzyme NAXD cause a lethal neurodegenerative condition triggered by episodes of fever in young children. However, the clinical and genetic spectrum of NAXD deficiency is broadening as our understanding of the disease expands and as more cases are identified. Here, we report the oldest known individual succumbing to NAXD-related neurometabolic crisis, at 32 years of age. The clinical deterioration and demise of this individual were likely triggered by mild head trauma. This patient had a novel homozygous
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hydro-Lyases/metabolism ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; NAD/metabolism ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/genetics ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism ; Proteomics ; Brain Concussion/complications ; Brain Concussion/genetics ; Brain Diseases, Metabolic/etiology ; Brain Diseases, Metabolic/genetics
Chemical Substances	Hydro-Lyases (EC 4.2.1.-) ; NAD (0U46U6E8UK) ; NAXD protein, human (EC 4.2.1.93)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms24043582
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Article: Waterlogging tolerance of the common reeds Phragmites mauritianus and P. australis

Naidoo, Gonasageran

African journal of ecology. 2021 Dec., v. 59, no. 4

2021

Abstract: This study compared the responses of Phragmites mauritianus and P. australis to waterlogging stress ... ratios. In the flooded treatments, specific gravity of culms decreased by 18% in P. australis and by 10 ... in P. mauritianus indicating greater aerenchyma with waterlogging. In both reeds, flooding induced ...

Abstract	This study compared the responses of Phragmites mauritianus and P. australis to waterlogging stress for 5 months. Plants were subjected to a 2 × 4 factorial experiment with two species and four soil moisture regimes: well drained (WD), half flooded (½F), flooded/drained at weekly intervals (F/D) and continuously flooded (F). Soil redox potential (Eₕ) was high in the WD (+138 to +126 mV) and low in the F treatments (−360 to −401 mV). Flooding increased plant height, number of culms, shoot elongation and total dry biomass accumulation in both species. In the flooded treatments, there was greater biomass allocation to above ground than below ground components, which contributed to increases in above‐ground/below‐ground ratios. In the flooded treatments, specific gravity of culms decreased by 18% in P. australis and by 10% in P. mauritianus indicating greater aerenchyma with waterlogging. In both reeds, flooding induced numerous adventitious roots from the base of the culms. In the F treatments, plant height, number of culms, total dry biomass accumulation and aerenchyma development were greater in P. australis than in P. mauritianus. These data suggest that P. australis has a competitive edge over P. mauritianus under waterlogged conditions.
Keywords	aerenchyma ; biomass production ; culms ; dry matter partitioning ; ecology ; plant height ; redox potential ; soil water ; specific gravity
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 1004-1012.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2019879-6
ISSN	1365-2028 ; 0141-6707
ISSN (online)	1365-2028
ISSN	0141-6707
DOI	10.1111/aje.12884
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Book ; Online: Policy Evaluation in the Era of COVID-19

Eliadis, Pearl / Naidoo, Indran A / Rist, Ray C

(Comparative Policy Evaluation)

2023

Series title	Comparative Policy Evaluation
Keywords	Central government policies ; Politics & government ; Covid-19 ; Evaluation ; Governance ; Government ; Pandemic ; Public Policy
Language	English
Size	1 electronic resource (228 pages)
Publisher	Taylor and Francis
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English
HBZ-ID	HT030611753
ISBN	9781032452968 ; 103245296X
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of dolutegravir-based ART regimen in Durban, South Africa: a cohort study.

Hurbans, Nivriti / Naidoo, Panjasaram

BMC infectious diseases

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 343

Abstract: ... change in immunological outcomes (p < 0.001) after dolutegravir initiation. Furthermore, an assessment ... of laboratory parameters showed that there was a significant decrease in cholesterol (p < 0.001) and increase ... in creatinine (p < 0.001) levels. Increased weight was shown by 60.7% of the participants but was not associated ...

Abstract	Background: Dolutegravir is an integrase strand transfer inhibitor that has been recommended for use in first-line antiretroviral regimens by the World Health Organisation and is currently being rolled out globally. There has been safety concerns with dolutegravir which has caused concern about its use in the general population. Dolutegravir first-line regimens have been used in South Africa since early 2020. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of first-line dolutegravir-based antiretrovirals amongst adults living with HIV in Durban, South Africa. Methods: This was a mixed-methods study, which comprised a cross-sectional survey and longitudinal retrospective follow-up of medical records. The study was conducted between October 2020 and January 2022. Data were described using descriptive and summary statistics. Bivariate logistic regression was applied to socio-demographic and clinical variables and crude odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval was calculated. Pearson chi-square tests, paired sample T-tests, and cross-tabulations were performed on selected variables. Results: A total of 461 participants were enrolled in the study. There was a significant change in immunological outcomes (p < 0.001) after dolutegravir initiation. Furthermore, an assessment of laboratory parameters showed that there was a significant decrease in cholesterol (p < 0.001) and increase in creatinine (p < 0.001) levels. Increased weight was shown by 60.7% of the participants but was not associated with age, gender, CD4 counts, and previous antiretroviral usage. The study found that 43.6% of the participants experienced at least one side-effect. A total of 21.6% and 23.2% of the participants experienced neuropsychiatric and central nervous system side-effects, respectively. In the bivariate analyses, only gender was shown to be associated with side-effects, and only 1.7% of the participants discontinued the study due to side-effects. Conclusion: Our results suggest that dolutegravir is effective, safe, and well tolerated in the study population.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Cohort Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; South Africa ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/adverse effects ; Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use ; HIV Integrase Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Oxazines ; Piperazines ; Pyridones
Chemical Substances	dolutegravir (DKO1W9H7M1) ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring ; Anti-Retroviral Agents ; HIV Integrase Inhibitors ; Oxazines ; Piperazines ; Pyridones
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041550-3
ISSN	1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
ISSN (online)	1471-2334
ISSN	1471-2334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-024-09202-6
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Article ; Online: Enhancing sexual health in primary care: Guidance for practitioners.

Ramlachan, Padaruth / Naidoo, Keshena

South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care

2024 Volume 66, Issue 1, Page(s) e1–e5

Abstract: Sexual health is an integral aspect of overall health and well-being and is fundamental to the sustainable development of societies worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines sexual health as 'a state of physical, emotional, mental, and ... ...

Abstract	Sexual health is an integral aspect of overall health and well-being and is fundamental to the sustainable development of societies worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines sexual health as 'a state of physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being in relation to sexuality'. However, addressing sexual health has been afforded low priority in primary healthcare systems. Primary care practitioners (PCPs), who play a crucial role in providing comprehensive care to communities, receive little training on screening and managing individuals with sexual health problems. The scope of services ranges from education, prevention and screening, to management of sexual health matters. Patients with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as stroke, cancer, heart disease and diabetes, are at increased risk for sexual dysfunction, possibly because of common pathogenetic mechanisms, such as inflammation. This is of considerable importance in the sub-Saharan African context where there is a rapidly increasing prevalence of NCDs, as well as a high burden of HIV. Strategies to improve the quality of sexual health services in primary care include creating a safe and non-judgemental practice environment for history-taking among gender-diverse populations, utilising effective screening tools aligned with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria for sexual dysfunctions. In particular, the International Consultation on Sexual Medicine (ICSM -5) diagnostic and treatment algorithm can empower primary care providers to effectively address sexual dysfunctions among patients and improve the quality of care provided to communities regarding sexual and reproductive health.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Sexual Health ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexuality ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/diagnosis ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/etiology ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/prevention & control ; Primary Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-19
Publishing country	South Africa
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2078-6204
ISSN (online)	2078-6204
DOI	10.4102/safp.v66i1.5822
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Article ; Online: Fertility subsidies can have ambiguous effects on birth timing

Naidoo, Jesse

Economics Letters. 2023 Aug., v. 229 p.111215-

2023

Abstract: Pronatalist subsidies often vary with birth order (parity). I study the effect of such subsidies on birth timing in a life-cycle model of fertility choice. In the model, births permanently reduce the rate of human capital accumulation. While subsidies to ...

Abstract	Pronatalist subsidies often vary with birth order (parity). I study the effect of such subsidies on birth timing in a life-cycle model of fertility choice. In the model, births permanently reduce the rate of human capital accumulation. While subsidies to marginal births always accelerate the time to next birth, subsidies to higher-order births can extend those times for women at low parities. The result is not driven by income effects, quantity-quality substitution, biological constraints, or uncertainty. Instead, it is that slower anticipated earnings growth in the future raises the marginal value of human capital in the present.
Keywords	human capital ; income ; models ; uncertainty ; J13 ; D15 ; Fertility ; Life-cycle ; Birth spacing
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-08
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	0165-1765
DOI	10.1016/j.econlet.2023.111215
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Article ; Online: The mangroves of Africa: A review

Naidoo, Gonasageran

Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2023 May, v. 190 p.114859-

2023

Abstract: Mangroves are highly productive, dynamic ecosystems that occur in intertidal areas in tropical and temperate regions. These woody trees or shrubs are important because of their global extent and high productivity. Africa has 20 % of global mangroves, ... ...

Abstract	Mangroves are highly productive, dynamic ecosystems that occur in intertidal areas in tropical and temperate regions. These woody trees or shrubs are important because of their global extent and high productivity. Africa has 20 % of global mangroves, with 74 % on the west coast and 26 % on the east coast. Mangroves occur in 19 African countries on the west coast and 15 on the east coast. This review gives an overview of the importance, losses, current areas and distribution of mangroves in Africa, using current data based on Global Mangrove Watch maps. It then summarizes the ecosystem services provided by mangroves and examines threats to their survival from anthropogenic factors such as harvesting, pollution and conversion to aquaculture and agriculture. It also examines treats from natural factors such as climate change and sea level rise. It discusses the status of mangroves in each country and makes recommendations for management and conservation.
Keywords	aquaculture ; climate change ; coasts ; ecosystems ; littoral zone ; marine pollution ; sea level ; Africa ; Conservation ; Deforestation ; Ecosystem services ; Management ; Nursery function ; Sea-level rise
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-05
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2001296-2
ISSN	1879-3363 ; 0025-326X
ISSN (online)	1879-3363
ISSN	0025-326X
DOI	10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114859
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Article ; Online: The influence of psychological readiness of athletes when returning to sport after injury.

Juggath, C / Naidoo, R

South African journal of sports medicine

2024 Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) v36i1a16356

Abstract: ... significant (p=0.066). The mean AFAQ score (26.1±8.6 AU) for the 'not ready' group is marginally greater ... psychological readiness to return to sport and athletic fear avoidance (r =-0.508, p<0.001).: Conclusion ...

Abstract	Background: Injuries are a common occurrence in sports participation; however, they have the potential to be accompanied by negative thoughts and feelings, which may play a part in the athletes' state of mind when they return to their sport. Assessing the degree to which this occurs provides an opportunity to evaluate and address athletes' state of mind before their return to play. Objectives: To determine if athletes are psychologically ready to return to play after an injury and if there are differences in fear avoidance behaviour between those who were and were not ready to return. Methods: Eighty-eight athletes participated in this descriptive survey. Athletes' confidence to return to play was measured by the Injury-Psychological Readiness to Return to Play (I-PRRS) questionnaire and their fear avoidance was measured by the Athlete Fear Avoidance Questionnaire (AFAQ). Results: Fifty injured athletes with a mean age of 23.3±4.0 years old responded to the I-PRRS and the AFAQ questionnaires. The average I-PRRS score was 46.5±9.1 AU. The evidence suggests that 60% of the athletes were not ready to return to sport (41.0±7.5 AU), whereas 40% were ready to return (54.8±3.1 AU). The difference in scores was not significant. The relationship between the AFAQ scores and the I-PRRS score for the 'ready' and 'not ready' groups was not significant (p=0.066). The mean AFAQ score (26.1±8.6 AU) for the 'not ready' group is marginally greater than the mean AFAQ score (21.6±7.5 AU) for the 'ready' group. There was a negative correlation between psychological readiness to return to sport and athletic fear avoidance (r =-0.508, p<0.001). Conclusion: There needs to be a greater utilisation of psychological assessment tools like the Injury-Psychological Readiness to Return to Play (I-PRRS) questionnaire, which can assist the athlete's support team, who can help identify athletes who are apprehensive about returning to sport after injury.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	South Africa
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2475947-8
ISSN	2078-516X ; 2078-516X
ISSN (online)	2078-516X
ISSN	2078-516X
DOI	10.17159/2078-516X/2024/v36i1a16356
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Article ; Online: Photosynthetic characteristics of the invasive weed Chromolaena odorata and other co‐occurring species in KwaZulu‐Natal

Naidoo, Kubendran Kista / Naidoo, Gonasageran

African Journal of Ecology. 2023 June, v. 61, no. 2 p.277-288

2023

Abstract: In this study, we tested the hypothesis that photosynthetic characteristics contributed to the success and spread of the invasive, C₃ perennial weed, Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. Measurements of gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and ...

Abstract	In this study, we tested the hypothesis that photosynthetic characteristics contributed to the success and spread of the invasive, C₃ perennial weed, Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. Measurements of gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and water relations parameters were taken in summer and winter, as well as in sun and shade plants. Typically, diurnal CO₂ exchange increased from dawn to a mid‐morning maximum between 10:00 h and 11:00 h, and thereafter decreased gradually for the rest of the day. Light response curves indicated saturation of CO₂ uptake and electron transport rate (ETR) through Photosystem II (PSII) at a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) ≥1800 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹. Maximal CO₂ exchange was 15.64 ± 0.87 (±SE) in summer and 13.15 ± 0.26 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ in winter. Leaf conductance (g), CO₂ uptake (A) and transpiration (E) followed trends similar to those for PPFD. Leaf water potential (Ψ) and water use efficiency (WUE) declined from the predawn maximum values to a minimum at midday and thereafter recovered at dusk. Diurnal trends in actual quantum yield (ΦPSII) and maximum quantum yield (Fᵥ/Fₘ) decreased from dawn to a minimum at midday, followed by complete recovery at dusk. The relationship between A and g, and A and ETR was linear. Trends in A, ΦPSII and ETR through PSII were tightly coupled to those of incident PPFD. Efficient light utilisation is achieved through modifying plastic traits such as leaf size, specific leaf area and chlorophyll content. Chromolaena is a facultative shade‐tolerant weed that exhibits superior light utilisation to maximise carbon gain, while efficient photoprotective mechanisms minimise photoinhibition and photodamage to the photosystems. These adaptive architectural and physiological strategies may probably confer competitive advantage over other species.
Keywords	Chromolaena odorata ; carbon ; carbon dioxide ; chlorophyll ; ecology ; electron transfer ; gas exchange ; invasive species ; leaf area ; leaf conductance ; leaf water potential ; perennial weeds ; photoinhibition ; photons ; photosystem II ; radiation resistance ; shade tolerance ; specific leaf area ; summer ; water use efficiency ; winter ; South Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-06
Size	p. 277-288.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2019879-6
ISSN	1365-2028 ; 0141-6707
ISSN (online)	1365-2028
ISSN	0141-6707
DOI	10.1111/aje.13106
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Article ; Online: Predictors of post-operative outcomes in patients with peripheral arterial disease and critical limb ischaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Wu, Lily P / Naidoo, Nadraj G / Adetokunboh, Olatunji O

Ghana medical journal

2024 Volume 55, Issue 1, Page(s) 69–76

Abstract: Background: A very small proportion (1%) of patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) present with critical limb threatening ischaemia (CLTI) with poor prognosis. The present review showcased several pre-operative predictors and key post-operative ... ...

Abstract	Background: A very small proportion (1%) of patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) present with critical limb threatening ischaemia (CLTI) with poor prognosis. The present review showcased several pre-operative predictors and key post-operative outcomes. Identification of any modifiable predictors may impact positively on surgical outcomes. Design: PubMed/Medline, Google scholar and Cochrane databases were searched using terms such as "peripheral arterial disease" AND "critical limb ischemia," "post-operative outcome," AND "predictors of post-operative outcomes". Search was for relevant English-language articles published between January 1997 and December 2007 Selected articles were screened first by title and abstract, and selection of full articles was based on relevance using our inclusion and exclusion criteria and quality ratings performed with the MINORS score. Results: The included studies were published between 1997 and 2007. Only six (6) articles out of a total of 2,114 were deemed suitable for analysis. Ambulatory recovery was >70% at six months, 86.7% and 70.0% at one year and five years respectively. Rate of local wound complications was between 12% and 24%. Reported limb salvage rates were >90% at six months, >70% at one year and 70.0-90.0% at five years. Primary graft patency rate at one year ranged from 63% and 76.6%. Gangrene, diabetes and impaired pre-operative ambulatory function are associated with more wound complications, low limb salvage, reduced graft patency and poor functional outcome. Conclusion: Pre-operative ambulatory status was the most important predictor of post-operative ambulatory recovery. Diabetes mellitus was an important risk factor for prolonged wound healing, local wound complications and major amputation. Funding: None declared.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-05
Publishing country	Ghana
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2259233-7
ISSN	2616-163X ; 2616-163X
ISSN (online)	2616-163X
ISSN	2616-163X
DOI	10.4314/gmj.v55i1.10
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