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Book ; Online: The Changing World of Mobile Communications

Ahokangas, Petri / Aagaard, Annabeth

5G, 6G and the Future of Digital Services

2024

Keywords	Business & management ; Media studies ; Business strategy ; WAP (wireless) technology ; 5G ; 6G ; connectivity ; mobile operator ; telecommunications ; mobile networks ; digitalization ; digital services
Language	English
Size	1 electronic resource (331 pages)
Publisher	Springer Nature
Publishing place	Cham
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English
HBZ-ID	HT030612938
ISBN	9783031331909 ; 3031331907
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Settings, populations, and time: a conceptual framework for public health interventions.

Aagaard-Hansen, Jens / Bloch, Paul

Frontiers in public health

2023 Volume 11, Page(s) 1297019

Abstract: This paper presents a conceptual framework displaying how combinations of settings and populations seen in a long-term perspective may guide public health and health promotion planning and research. The notion of settings constitutes a key element of ... ...

Abstract	This paper presents a conceptual framework displaying how combinations of settings and populations seen in a long-term perspective may guide public health and health promotion planning and research. The notion of settings constitutes a key element of health promotion as stipulated by the Ottawa Charter from 1986. The setting approach highlights the individual, social and structural dimensions of health promotion. Likewise, the notion of populations and how they are selected forms a center pillar of public health. By joining the two perspectives, four combinations of intervention strategies appear by addressing: (1) a single population segment within a single setting, (2) multiple population segments within a single setting, (3) a single population segment within multiple settings or (4) multiple population segments within multiple settings. Furthermore, the addition of a time dimension inspired by the life-course perspective illustrates how trajectories of individuals and projects change settings and population segments as time goes by. The conceptual framework displays how systematic awareness of long-term, multi-setting, multi-population trajectories allow health promotion planners and researchers to systematically develop, plan and analyze their projects.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Public Health ; Health Promotion ; Health Planning
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2023.1297019
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Article ; Online: Autogenic recurrent Renshaw inhibition is elevated in human spinal motor neurones during maximal eccentric muscle contraction in vivo.

Aagaard, P

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)

2018 Volume 223, Issue 4, Page(s) e13107

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Motor Neurons ; Muscle Contraction
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2218636-0
ISSN	1748-1716 ; 1748-1708
ISSN (online)	1748-1716
ISSN	1748-1708
DOI	10.1111/apha.13107
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Article ; Online: Corrigendum to "Spinal and supraspinal control of motor function during maximal eccentric muscle contraction: Effects of resistance training" [J Sport Health Sci 7 (2018) 282-293].

Aagaard, Per

Journal of sport and health science

2019 Volume 8, Issue 6, Page(s) 601

Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.06.003.]. ...

Abstract	[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.06.003.].
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-31
Publishing country	China
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2673028-5
ISSN	2213-2961 ; 2095-2546
ISSN (online)	2213-2961
ISSN	2095-2546
DOI	10.1016/j.jshs.2019.08.002
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Article ; Online: The role of pennation angle and architectural gearing to rate of force development in dynamic and isometric muscle contractions.

Van Hooren, Bas / Aagaard, Per / Monte, Andrea / Blazevich, Anthony J

Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports

2024 Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) e14639

Abstract: ... from 0-75 and 75-150 ms, respectively; p < 0.05), while more strongly (p < 0.05) correlated with RFD ... during dynamic contractions (r = 0.69 and 0.73 at 0-75 and 75-150 ms, respectively; p < 0.05). Resting ... 0.50 and 0.70 at 75-150 ms; p < 0.05), with gearing in turn also being moderately to strongly ...

Abstract	Background: Associations between muscle architecture and rate of force development (RFD) have been largely studied during fixed-end (isometric) contractions. Fixed-end contractions may, however, limit muscle shape changes and thus alter the relationship between muscle architecture an RFD. Aim: We compared the correlation between muscle architecture and architectural gearing and knee extensor RFD when assessed during dynamic versus fixed-end contractions. Methods: Twenty-two recreationally active male runners performed dynamic knee extensions at constant acceleration (2000°s Results: Resting fascicle angle was moderately and positively correlated with RFD during fixed-end contractions (r = 0.42 and 0.46 from 0-75 and 75-150 ms, respectively; p < 0.05), while more strongly (p < 0.05) correlated with RFD during dynamic contractions (r = 0.69 and 0.73 at 0-75 and 75-150 ms, respectively; p < 0.05). Resting fascicle angle was (very) strongly correlated with architectural gearing (r = 0.51 and 0.73 at 0-75 ms and 0.50 and 0.70 at 75-150 ms; p < 0.05), with gearing in turn also being moderately to strongly correlated with RFD in both contraction conditions (r = 0.38-0.68). Conclusion: Resting fascicle angle was positively correlated with RFD, with a stronger relationship observed in dynamic than isometric contraction conditions. The stronger relationships observed during dynamic muscle actions likely result from different restrictions on the acute changes in muscle shape and architectural gearing imposed by isometric versus dynamic muscle contractions.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Isometric Contraction/physiology ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Torque ; Quadriceps Muscle/physiology ; Quadriceps Muscle/anatomy & histology ; Quadriceps Muscle/diagnostic imaging ; Running/physiology ; Knee Joint/physiology ; Muscle Strength/physiology ; Biomechanical Phenomena
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-30
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1077418-x
ISSN	1600-0838 ; 0905-7188
ISSN (online)	1600-0838
ISSN	0905-7188
DOI	10.1111/sms.14639
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Article: Hypochromic reticulocytes, hypochromic erythrocytes and p-transferrin receptors in diagnosing iron-deficient erythropoiesis.

Starklint, J / Bech, J Nørgaard / Aagaard, O / Pedersen, E Bjerregaard

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation

2005 Volume 64, Issue 8, Page(s) 691–702

Abstract: ... hypochromic erythrocytes and p-transferrin receptors are sensitive variables in detecting iron-deficient ... of 178%, in hypochromic erythrocytes the increase was 267%, and in p-transferrin receptors 32%. Study 2 ... 158%) and hypochromic erythrocytes (1240% vs. 300%), but not in p-transferrin receptors. Study 3 ...

Abstract	Background: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that hypochromic reticulocytes, hypochromic erythrocytes and p-transferrin receptors are sensitive variables in detecting iron-deficient erythropoiesis in healthy subjects and hemodialysis patients. Methods: Study 1: Twenty-one blood donors donated 450 mL blood. During the following 2 weeks blood samples were analyzed for the variables mentioned above. Study 2: Twenty-eight blood donors received 10,000 U recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) twice in the first week or placebo, after they had donated 450 mL blood. During the following 3 weeks the blood samples were analyzed for the variables mentioned in Study 1. Study 3: Eighteen hemodialysis patients receiving rHuEPO and iron treatment had either iron treatment discontinued for 4 weeks, after which iron was resumed, or received unchanged treatment. During 8 weeks blood samples were analyzed for the variables mentioned in Study 1. Results: Study 1: Blood donation induced an increase in hypochromic reticulocytes of 178%, in hypochromic erythrocytes the increase was 267%, and in p-transferrin receptors 32%. Study 2: Treatment with rHuEPO induced a more pronounced increase than placebo in hypochromic reticulocytes (232% vs. 158%) and hypochromic erythrocytes (1240% vs. 300%), but not in p-transferrin receptors. Study 3: Discontinuation of iron treatment did not cause any significant differences in the variables mentioned above between the two groups, but caused a 25% decrease in p-ferritin. When iron treatment was resumed, p-ferritin increased by 19%. We found no significant changes in the control group. Conclusions: Hypochromic reticulocytes, hypochromic erythrocytes and p-transferrin receptors are sensitive variables in the early detection of iron-deficient erythropoiesis in healthy subjects, but in this study the iron withdrawal period was too short to show the value of these variables in the detection of iron-deficient erythropoiesis in hemodialysis patients.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia, Hypochromic/diagnosis ; Anemia, Hypochromic/drug therapy ; Anemia, Hypochromic/metabolism ; Anemia, Hypochromic/pathology ; Erythrocytes/metabolism ; Erythrocytes/pathology ; Erythropoiesis ; Female ; Health ; Humans ; Iron/administration & dosage ; Iron/deficiency ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Transferrin/metabolism ; Renal Dialysis ; Reticulocytes/metabolism ; Reticulocytes/pathology
Chemical Substances	Receptors, Transferrin ; Iron (E1UOL152H7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-01-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3150-1
ISSN	1502-7686 ; 0036-5513
ISSN (online)	1502-7686
ISSN	0036-5513
DOI	10.1080/00365510410002940
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Article ; Online: Spinal and supraspinal control of motor function during maximal eccentric muscle contraction: Effects of resistance training.

Aagaard, Per

Journal of sport and health science

2018 Volume 7, Issue 3, Page(s) 282–293

Abstract: Neuromuscular activity is suppressed during maximal eccentric (ECC) muscle contraction in untrained subjects owing to attenuated levels of central activation and reduced spinal motor neuron (MN) excitability indicated by reduced electromyography signal ... ...

Abstract	Neuromuscular activity is suppressed during maximal eccentric (ECC) muscle contraction in untrained subjects owing to attenuated levels of central activation and reduced spinal motor neuron (MN) excitability indicated by reduced electromyography signal amplitude, diminished evoked H-reflex responses, increased autogenic MN inhibition, and decreased excitability in descending corticospinal motor pathways. Maximum ECC muscle force recorded during maximal voluntary contraction can be increased by superimposed electrical muscle stimulation only in untrained individuals and not in trained strength athletes, indicating that the suppression in MN activation is modifiable by resistance training. In support of this notion, maximum ECC muscle strength can be increased by use of heavy-load resistance training owing to a removed or diminished suppression in neuromuscular activity. Prolonged (weeks to months) of heavy-load resistance training results in increased H-reflex and V-wave responses during maximal ECC muscle actions along with marked gains in maximal ECC muscle strength, indicating increased excitability of spinal MNs, decreased presynaptic and/or postsynaptic MN inhibition, and elevated descending motor drive. Notably, the use of supramaximal ECC resistance training can lead to selectively elevated V-wave responses during maximal ECC contraction, demonstrating that adaptive changes in spinal circuitry function and/or gains in descending motor drive can be achieved during maximal ECC contraction in response to heavy-load resistance training.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-21
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2673028-5
ISSN	2213-2961 ; 2095-2546
ISSN (online)	2213-2961
ISSN	2095-2546
DOI	10.1016/j.jshs.2018.06.003
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Conference proceedings ; Online: Mg/Ca paleotemperature reconstruction of Atlantic Water advected to the European subarctic and arctic margins in the past 14.000 cal yr B.P.

Aagaard-Sørensen, Steffen / Husum, Katrine / Hald, Morten / Marchitto, Tom / Werner, Kirstin / Spielhagen, Robert

2011

Abstract: ... at around 3.500 cal yr B.P. The arctic paleorecord is based a core from ca. 1500 m water depth on the West ... SST decline is observed from the early Holocene to ca. 6.000 cal yr B.P. SST remain remains low and ... stable until ca. 3000 cal yr B.P. after which a significant temperature increase initiates and continues ...

Abstract	Foraminiferal Mg/Ca-ratios have proven to be valuable proxies for reconstructing past water temperatures and salinities especially in subtropical to tropical regions. However, recent studies have expanded the temperature range of the proxy to include subarctic and arctic environments. In this study we aim to reconstruct the temperatures of the inflowing Atlantic Water mass on the European arctic and subarctic margins from late glacial to the present using Mg/Ca-ratios measured on planktic and benthic foraminiferal tests. The Atlantic Water is carried towards the Arctic by the North Atlantic Current and its meriodinal extension the West Spitsbergen Current. Both currents are important components of the meridional overturning circulation system of the North Atlantic. Furthermore, these currents contribute to the relatively milder climate along their paths. The subarctic paleorecord is based on two adjacent cores from ca. 500 m water depth in the Andfjorden, North Norway covering an Allerød - present sequence constrained by 15 AMS datings. SiZer analysis indicates variable chilled bottom water temperatures during Allerød and Younger Dryas, before a significant multistep temperature increase mark the onset of the Holocene. Stable relatively high temperatures prevail throughout the Holocene with a significant but modest decline at around 3.500 cal yr B.P. The arctic paleorecord is based a core from ca. 1500 m water depth on the West Spitsbergen slope. The core covers an Allerød - present sequence constrained by 13 AMS datings. SiZer analysis indicates no significant sea surface temperatures (SSTs) during the Late Glacial/Holocene boundary presumably linked to prevailing severe sea ice conditions and melt water influence in the area. Significant SST decline is observed from the early Holocene to ca. 6.000 cal yr B.P. SST remain remains low and stable until ca. 3000 cal yr B.P. after which a significant temperature increase initiates and continues toward the present.
Subject code	551 ; 550
Publishing country	de
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Fetal sex and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus in gravidae with multiple gestation pregnancies.

Sassin, Alexa M / Sangi-Haghpeykar, Haleh / Aagaard, Kjersti M

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica

2023 Volume 102, Issue 12, Page(s) 1703–1710

Abstract: ... were identified. Statistical analysis was performed using a generalized linear mixed method, and a P ... female vs female-female (P = 0.05) and male-male vs female-female (P = 0.046).: Conclusions ...

Abstract	Introduction: There is an increasing incidence of pregnancies with twin gestations. One outcome more likely to occur with multiple gestations is gestational diabetes mellitus. Studies have suggested that in singleton pregnancies, fetal sex may affect insulin resistance. However, the effects of fetal sex in twins and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus are unknown. We hypothesized that rates of gestational diabetes mellitus and degree of insulin resistance might vary in twin gestations based on the fetal sex pairing: male-male, male-female or female-female. We aimed to employ a large population-based database to ascertain any correlations between fetal sex and gestational diabetes mellitus in multifetal gestations. Material and methods: A two-hospital, single academic institution database comprised of over 39 000 participants with pregnancy data from August 2011 to January 2022 was employed. All twin deliveries of live-born neonates >24 weeks' gestational age from gravidae without preexisting diabetes or twin-twin transfusion syndrome were included. Entries were then grouped based on the fetal sex of the pairing. The presence or absence of gestational diabetes and type of gestational diabetes - diet-controlled (gestational diabetes mellitus classification A1) vs medication-controlled (gestational diabetes mellitus classification A2) - were identified. Statistical analysis was performed using a generalized linear mixed method, and a P-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: We identified 1924 twin deliveries that met the inclusion criteria in our database (male-male =652; male-female = 638; female-female = 634). We found no association between fetal sex pairing and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus. There was a significant association between the fetal sex pairing and the type of gestational diabetes mellitus developed, with 32.0% of male-male twins, 33.3% of male-female twins and 58.3% of the female-female twin deliveries associated with medication-controlled gestational diabetes classification A2: male-female vs female-female (P = 0.05) and male-male vs female-female (P = 0.046). Conclusions: While gestational diabetes mellitus is of multifactorial origin, we found a significant association between the fetal sex pairing and the treatment needed for gravidae with twins who develop gestational diabetes mellitus. A higher proportion of female-female twins was associated with gestational diabetes classification A2 compared with male-female or male-male deliveries. Further research on the physiology driving this association is warranted.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Diabetes, Gestational/epidemiology ; Insulin Resistance ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Twins ; Gravidity ; Gestational Age ; Retrospective Studies ; Pregnancy Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80019-3
ISSN	1600-0412 ; 0001-6349
ISSN (online)	1600-0412
ISSN	0001-6349
DOI	10.1111/aogs.14625
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Article ; Online: Fetal sex and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus in polycystic ovarian syndrome gravidae.

Sassin, Alexa M / Sangi-Haghpeykar, Haleh / Aagaard, Kjersti M

American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM

2023 Volume 5, Issue 5, Page(s) 100897

Abstract: ... with polycystic ovarian syndrome (odds ratio for female vs male, 2.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-4.32; P=.03). After adjusting ... odds ratio for female vs male, 2.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-4.41; P=.04). In contrast, there was no ... analysis of gravidae without infertility and polycystic ovarian syndrome (P=.99).: Conclusion ...

Abstract	Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is characterized by elevated androgens and is a well-known risk factor for the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus. Androgens (particularly dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate) are crucial for the development and characteristics of the male reproductive tract during fetal life, and fetal dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate enters the placenta where it is metabolized and functions as an estrogen substrate. Given this unique sex-specific relationship with androgens and the association of serum dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate concentration with insulin resistance, we hypothesized that metabolic comorbidities in pregnancy might differ by fetal sex in gravidae with polycystic ovarian syndrome, notably in those with infertility. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the data in a large population-based database to explore if fetal sex was significantly associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in gravidae with infertility and polycystic ovarian syndrome after controlling for confounders. Study design: This study was designed to evaluate the risk for the occurrence and rates of gestational diabetes mellitus among gravidae with infertility and a history of polycystic ovarian syndrome. We used a 2-hospital, single academic institution database comprising more than 30,000 subjects enrolled from September 2011 to June 2021 to identify all gravidae with diagnoses of infertility and polycystic ovarian syndrome at the time of delivery and to compare them with gravidae who lacked these comorbidities. Data on covariates, including but not limited to maternal age, body mass index, fetal sex, race, ethnicity, presence or absence of hypertensive disease, and presence or absence of gestational diabetes were identified. Unadjusted and adjusted odds rations were calculated. Results: We found a statistically significant association between fetal female sex and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus in gravidae with polycystic ovarian syndrome (odds ratio for female vs male, 2.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-4.32; P=.03). After adjusting for potential confounders identified in our univariate analyses, there continued to be a statistically significant association between female fetuses and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (adjusted odds ratio for female vs male, 2.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-4.41; P=.04). In contrast, there was no significant association between fetal sex and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus in our similar analysis of gravidae without infertility and polycystic ovarian syndrome (P=.99). Conclusion: Although the origin of gestational diabetes mellitus is multifactorial, we found that female fetal sex is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in gravidae with infertility and polycystic ovarian syndrome but not in their comparative controls. Further research on the molecular mechanisms driving the association between female fetuses and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus in the context of maternal polycystic ovarian syndrome is warranted.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis ; Diabetes, Gestational/epidemiology ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/complications ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/diagnosis ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/epidemiology ; Infertility/complications ; Dehydroepiandrosterone ; Sulfates
Chemical Substances	Dehydroepiandrosterone (459AG36T1B) ; Sulfates
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ISSN	2589-9333
ISSN (online)	2589-9333
DOI	10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.100897
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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