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  1. Article: Low Recognition of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Primary Care.

    Ehlers, Anke / Gene-Cos, Nuri / Perrin, Sean

    London journal of primary care

    2013  Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) 36–42

    Abstract: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common and disabling disorder that develops as a consequence of traumatic events and is characterised by distressing re-experiencing of parts of the trauma, avoidance of reminders, emotional numbing and ... ...

    Abstract Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common and disabling disorder that develops as a consequence of traumatic events and is characterised by distressing re-experiencing of parts of the trauma, avoidance of reminders, emotional numbing and hyperarousal. The NICE guidelines for PTSD (2005) recommend trauma-focused psychological therapy as the first-line treatment. A survey of 129 general practitioners in South London investigated the recognition and treatment of PTSD in primary care. The majority of GPs underestimated the prevalence of PTSD. Most PTSD patients seen in GP surgeries currently do not receive or are not referred for NICE recommended psychological treatments. Medications, especially SSRIs, appear to more commonly prescribed than recommended by NICE. Efforts to disseminate information about PTSD and effective treatments to both patients and GPs are needed to increase recognition rates and prompter access to treatment. The Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme will make the NICE recommended treatments more widely available and will allow self-referral by adults with PTSD to trauma-focused psychological therapy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-06-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2542827-5
    ISSN 1757-1480 ; 1757-1472
    ISSN (online) 1757-1480
    ISSN 1757-1472
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Making sense of non-epileptic seizures.

    Gene-Cos, Nuri / Ring, Howard A

    Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape

    2005  Volume 7, Issue 2, Page(s) 123–130

    Abstract: Background: Non-epileptic seizures (NES) are a chronic condition that is frequently misdiagnosed. Limited awareness of the condition may contribute to mismanagement and poor outcome.: Methods: Medline and PsycLit review of clinical and laboratory ... ...

    Abstract Background: Non-epileptic seizures (NES) are a chronic condition that is frequently misdiagnosed. Limited awareness of the condition may contribute to mismanagement and poor outcome.
    Methods: Medline and PsycLit review of clinical and laboratory studies.
    Results: The concept of NES is clarified, common clinical presentations are reviewed and the differential diagnoses considered. A general overview of possible mechanisms and pathological findings is presented. Finally, epidemiological, prognostic, and treatment issues are described.
    Conclusions: Clinicians increased awareness of NES, together with new diagnostic techniques will improve diagnosis and outcome of this condition. Further research is needed into the pathophysiology, etiology and maintenance mechanisms of non-epileptic seizures.
    MeSH term(s) Diagnosis, Differential ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Psychophysiologic Disorders/complications ; Psychophysiologic Disorders/diagnosis ; Psychophysiologic Disorders/therapy ; Seizures/diagnosis ; Seizures/etiology ; Seizures/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-06
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2086797-9
    ISSN 1950-6945 ; 1294-9361
    ISSN (online) 1950-6945
    ISSN 1294-9361
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: A comparative study of mismatch negativity (MMN) in epilepsy and non-epileptic seizures.

    Gene-Cos, Nuri / Pottinger, Richard / Barrett, Geoff / Trimble, Michael R / Ring, Howard A

    Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape

    2005  Volume 7, Issue 4, Page(s) 363–372

    Abstract: This study investigated mismatch negativity (MMN) differences between subjects with non-epileptic seizures (NES), subjects with epilepsy, and healthy controls. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were obtained from 14 patients with NES, 15 patients with ... ...

    Abstract This study investigated mismatch negativity (MMN) differences between subjects with non-epileptic seizures (NES), subjects with epilepsy, and healthy controls. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were obtained from 14 patients with NES, 15 patients with epilepsy and 16 healthy control subjects. A conventional MMN procedure was used with a random sequence of 12% deviant tones (922 Hz) and 88% standard tones (1000 Hz). Subjects were instructed to ignore the tones delivered through headphones whilst reading a book. Significant differences in distribution of the mismatch negativity (MMN) in patients with NES compared to controls were obtained (F3, p <or= 0.019; Cz, p <or= 0.044) and longer MMN duration in patients with epilepsy compared with patients with NES (p <or= 0.039) was observed. The change that has been analyzed is one of relative (or scaled) amplitude rather than absolute amplitude. These differences observed at Cz/F3 suggest an increase in emphasis of the MMN in the frontocentral region in patients with NES compared to healthy controls, suggesting that the MMN is generated in a different way in NES compared with controls. This could indicate that one of the normal MMN generator areas does not function normally in NES. Increased absolute amplitude of the MMN has previously been observed in anxiety disorders particularly in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We discuss similarities between NES and PTSD, suggesting that the increased relative amplitude obtained in this study may be related to mechanisms of generation of NES. The prolonged duration of the MMN in epilepsy could be related to difficulties in processes associated with novelty discrimination (closure of MMN generating mechanism). This information processing dysfunction could be associated with the concentration and memory difficulties that are observed in some patients with epilepsy. This study provides electrophysiological evidence of abnormal processing of auditory stimuli in both clinical conditions when compared to healthy controls, and interictal differences between a group of patients with epilepsy and a group of patients with non-epileptic seizures, as measured by the MMN.<br />
    MeSH term(s) Acoustic Stimulation ; Adult ; Affect ; Auditory Pathways/physiopathology ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electrooculography ; Epilepsy/diagnosis ; Epilepsy/physiopathology ; Epilepsy/psychology ; Epilepsy, Complex Partial/physiopathology ; Epilepsy, Complex Partial/psychology ; Epilepsy, Generalized/physiopathology ; Epilepsy, Generalized/psychology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; Female ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Male ; Memory/physiology ; Middle Aged ; Reaction Time ; Seizures/diagnosis ; Seizures/physiopathology ; Seizures/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-12
    Publishing country France
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2086797-9
    ISSN 1950-6945 ; 1294-9361
    ISSN (online) 1950-6945
    ISSN 1294-9361
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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