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Article ; Online: Effects of maternal nutrient restriction during gestation on bovine serum microRNA abundance.

McCarty, K J / DeCarlo, A N / Ricks, R E / Pratt, S L / Long, N M

2024 Volume 263, Page(s) 107435

Abstract: ... on serum microRNA (miRNA) abundance in cattle. Primiparous Angus-cross cows (n=22) were fed either control ...

Abstract	The objective was to determine the effects of maternal nutrient restriction during gestation on serum microRNA (miRNA) abundance in cattle. Primiparous Angus-cross cows (n=22) were fed either control (CON; to gain 1 Kg/week) or nutrient restricted (NR; 0.55% NE
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Cattle ; Pregnancy ; Animals ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Diet/veterinary ; Nutrients ; Neoplasms/veterinary ; Cattle Diseases
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	429674-6
ISSN	1873-2232 ; 0378-4320
ISSN (online)	1873-2232
ISSN	0378-4320
DOI	10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107435
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Article: Multi-omics analysis of pigmentation related to proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in brown cotton (

Hinchliffe, Doug J / Naoumkina, Marina / Thyssen, Gregory N / Nam, Sunghyun / Chang, SeChin / McCarty, Jack C / Jenkins, Johnie N

Frontiers in plant science

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1372232

Abstract: Naturally-colored brown cotton (NBC) fiber is an environmentally friendly raw source of fiber for textile applications. The fiber of some NBC cultivars exhibits flame-retardant properties, which can be used in textiles that require flame resistance. ... ...

Abstract	Naturally-colored brown cotton (NBC) fiber is an environmentally friendly raw source of fiber for textile applications. The fiber of some NBC cultivars exhibits flame-retardant properties, which can be used in textiles that require flame resistance. Proanthocyanidins or their derivatives are responsible for the brown pigment in NBC; however, how flame retardancy is related to pigmentation in NBC is poorly understood. To gain insight into brown pigment biosynthesis, we conducted comparative transcripts and metabolites profiling analysis of developing cotton fibers between the brown (MC-BL) and white (MC-WL) cotton near-isogenic lines (NILs), genetically different only in the
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2613694-6
ISSN	1664-462X
ISSN	1664-462X
DOI	10.3389/fpls.2024.1372232
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Article: Virulence of Two Isolates of

Gaudin, Amanda G / Wubben, Martin J / McCarty, Jack C / Jenkins, Johnie N

Journal of nematology

2023 Volume 55, Issue 1, Page(s) 20230021

Abstract: Meloidogyne ... ...

Abstract	Meloidogyne enterolobii
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-23
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410426-2
ISSN	0022-300X
ISSN	0022-300X
DOI	10.2478/jofnem-2023-0021
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Article ; Online: Prospective Associations Between Anxiety Sensitivity, Distress Intolerance, Depressive Symptoms, and Indices of Alcohol and Cannabis Use Among Veterans.

McCarty, Kayleigh N / Stevens, Angela K / Gunn, Rachel L / Borsari, Brian / Metrik, Jane

Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs

2023 Volume 84, Issue 4, Page(s) 535–545

Abstract: Objective: There is substantial evidence linking anxiety sensitivity and distress intolerance to depressive symptoms, and further evidence linking depressive symptoms to alcohol and cannabis use. However, the prospective indirect associations of anxiety ...

Abstract	Objective: There is substantial evidence linking anxiety sensitivity and distress intolerance to depressive symptoms, and further evidence linking depressive symptoms to alcohol and cannabis use. However, the prospective indirect associations of anxiety sensitivity and distress intolerance with alcohol and cannabis use through depressive symptoms remain uncertain. Thus, the current study examined whether depressive symptoms mediated the associations between anxiety sensitivity and distress intolerance with alcohol and cannabis use frequency, quantity, and problems in a longitudinal sample of veterans. Method: Participants ( Results: Baseline anxiety sensitivity was positively associated with 12-month alcohol problems. Baseline distress intolerance was positively associated with 12-month cannabis use frequency and quantity. Baseline anxiety sensitivity and distress intolerance significantly predicted increased alcohol problems and cannabis use frequency at 12 months through depressive symptoms at 6 months. There were no significant indirect effects of anxiety sensitivity and distress intolerance on alcohol use frequency or quantity, cannabis use quantity, or cannabis problems. Conclusions: Anxiety sensitivity and distress intolerance share a common pathway to alcohol problems and cannabis use frequency through depressive symptoms. Interventions focused on modulating negative affectivity may reduce cannabis use frequency and alcohol problems.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Cannabis ; Depression/epidemiology ; Veterans ; Anxiety/epidemiology ; Alcohol-Related Disorders
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2266450-6
ISSN	1938-4114 ; 1934-2683 ; 1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
ISSN (online)	1938-4114 ; 1934-2683
ISSN	1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
DOI	10.15288/jsad.22-00257
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Article ; Online: Specificity of Varenicline in Blocking Mesolimbic Circuit Activation to Natural and Drug Rewards.

Goldstein, Nitsan / Carty, Jamie R E / Betley, J Nicholas

Neuroscience

2021 Volume 483, Page(s) 40–51

Abstract: The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system reinforces behaviors that are critical for survival. However, drug dependence can occur when drugs of abuse, such as nicotine, highjack this reinforcement system. Pharmacologically targeting the DA system to ... ...

Abstract	The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system reinforces behaviors that are critical for survival. However, drug dependence can occur when drugs of abuse, such as nicotine, highjack this reinforcement system. Pharmacologically targeting the DA system to selectively block drug reinforcement requires a detailed understanding of the neural circuits and molecular pathways that lead to the reward-based activation of mesolimbic circuits. Varenicline is an approved smoking cessation drug that has been shown to block nicotine-evoked DA increases in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) through action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Because these receptors have been implicated in the reinforcement of other addictive substances, we explored the possibility that varenicline could broadly affect reward processing. We used in vivo fiber photometry to monitor midbrain DA neuron activity and striatal DA levels following either natural or drug rewards in mice treated with varenicline. We demonstrate that varenicline pretreatment enhances the suppression of nicotine-evoked DA release by attenuating DA neuron activity in the VTA. Varenicline's ability to attenuate DA release is highly specific to nicotine, and varenicline slightly elevates DA release when co-administered with morphine or ethanol. Furthermore, varenicline has no effect on DA release in response to naturally rewarding behavior such as food intake or exercise. These results demonstrate the exquisite specificity with which varenicline blocks nicotine reward and highlight the complexity with which different rewards activate the mesolimbic DA system.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Mice ; Nicotinic Agonists/pharmacology ; Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/metabolism ; Reward ; Varenicline/metabolism ; Varenicline/pharmacology ; Varenicline/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Nicotinic Agonists ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Dopamine (VTD58H1Z2X) ; Varenicline (W6HS99O8ZO)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	196739-3
ISSN	1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
ISSN (online)	1873-7544
ISSN	0306-4522
DOI	10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.12.016
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Article ; Online: Inequality, identity, and partisanship: How redistribution can stem the tide of mass polarization.

Stewart, Alexander J / Plotkin, Joshua B / McCarty, Nolan

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2021 Volume 118, Issue 50

Abstract: The form of political polarization where citizens develop strongly negative attitudes toward out-party members and policies has become increasingly prominent across many democracies. Economic hardship and social inequality, as well as intergroup and ... ...

Abstract	The form of political polarization where citizens develop strongly negative attitudes toward out-party members and policies has become increasingly prominent across many democracies. Economic hardship and social inequality, as well as intergroup and racial conflict, have been identified as important contributing factors to this phenomenon known as "affective polarization." Research shows that partisan animosities are exacerbated when these interests and identities become aligned with existing party cleavages. In this paper, we use a model of cultural evolution to study how these forces combine to generate and maintain affective political polarization. We show that economic events can drive both affective polarization and the sorting of group identities along party lines, which, in turn, can magnify the effects of underlying inequality between those groups. But, on a more optimistic note, we show that sufficiently high levels of wealth redistribution through the provision of public goods can counteract this feedback and limit the rise of polarization. We test some of our key theoretical predictions using survey data on intergroup polarization, sorting of racial groups, and affective polarization in the United States over the past 50 y.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2102140118
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Article ; Online: Virulence of Two Isolates of Meloidogyne enterolobii (Guava Root-Knot Nematode) from North Carolina on Cotton Lines Resistant to Southern Root-Knot Nematode (M. incognita) and Reniform Nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis)

Gaudin Amanda G. / Wubben Martin J. / McCarty Jack C. / Jenkins Johnie N.

Journal of Nematology, Vol 55, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 6

Abstract: Meloidogyne enterolobii [the guava root-knot nematode (RKN)] is an emerging plant-parasitic nematode that poses a threat to Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) production in the southeastern United States. Like other RKN spp., M. enterolobii has a wide ... ...

Abstract	Meloidogyne enterolobii [the guava root-knot nematode (RKN)] is an emerging plant-parasitic nematode that poses a threat to Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) production in the southeastern United States. Like other RKN spp., M. enterolobii has a wide host range and proven ability to overcome resistance sources that have helped protect crops from other Meloidogyne spp., including the southern RKN (Meloidogyne incognita). In this study we evaluated the virulence of two North Carolina M. enterolobii isolates on Upland cotton germplasm lines having resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) to RKN (M240 RNR, MRk-Rn-1) and/or reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) (M713 Ren1, MRk-Rn-1) in comparison to their susceptible recurrent parents (DPL61, SG747). Multiple assays using eggs or J2 as inoculum demonstrated that both isolates reproduced equally well on all germplasm lines, producing reproductive factor (RF) values ≥ 6 on the otherwise nematode-resistant lines. Measurements of seedling growth in control and inoculated containers suggested that existing nematode-resistance QTL may offer a level of tolerance to M. enterolobii infection that should be further explored in greenhouse and field environments. Meloidogyne enterolobii infection of SG747 and MRk-Rn-1 showed nearly identical stages of symptom and nematode development over a time-course of 24 days. These data demonstrate that existing RKN and RN resistance QTL available in elite cotton varieties to producers are most likely insufficient in preventing yield loss due to M. enterolobii and that future research should focus on (i) understanding the M. enterolobii–cotton interaction at the molecular level, and (ii) screening novel germplasm collections to identify resistance loci.
Keywords	cotton ; resistance ; root-knot nematode ; meloidogyne ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sciendo
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Effects of Exogenous Glucocorticoid Infusion on Appetitic Center Development in Postnatal Dairy Bull Calves

McCarty, Keelee J. / Pratt, Scott L. / Long, Nathan M.

Animals. 2023 June 14, v. 13, no. 12

2023

Abstract: ... with either a low cortisol dose (LC; n = 9, 3.5 µg/kg of body weight (BW)), high cortisol dose (HC; n = 9, 7.0 µg/kg ... BW), or control (CON; n = 9, saline) dose, with a 2nd infusion 24 h postpartum. Jugular blood was ...

Abstract	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of exogenous glucocorticoid administration on leptin concentrations and brain development markers, such as protein and hypothalamic gene expression, in dairy bull calves. Within 4 h of parturition, Holstein bulls were intravenously infused with either a low cortisol dose (LC; n = 9, 3.5 µg/kg of body weight (BW)), high cortisol dose (HC; n = 9, 7.0 µg/kg BW), or control (CON; n = 9, saline) dose, with a 2nd infusion 24 h postpartum. Jugular blood was collected prior to infusion and daily until the calves were euthanized (day 5). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the third ventricle and adipose (omental, perirenal, and mesenteric) and hypothalamic tissue were collected. The blood and CSF samples were analyzed for leptin concentrations. The data were analyzed using SAS. Serum (p = 0.013) and CSF (p = 0.005) leptin concentrations in HC- and LC-treated calves were decreased compared with CON-treated calves. Leptin protein expression was decreased (p < 0.044) in perirenal and omental adipose tissue of LC-treated calves compared with CON-treated calves. Gene abundance of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and fibroblast growth factors 1 and 2 were decreased (p < 0.006) in HC- and LC-treated calves compared with CON-treated calves. In summary, cortisol administered to dairy bull calves reduced leptin concentrations, decreased leptin protein expression in perirenal and omental adipose tissue, and altered gene expression in hypothalamic tissue.
Keywords	Holstein ; adipose tissue ; blood serum ; body weight ; brain ; cerebrospinal fluid ; cortisol ; dairy bulls ; gene expression ; genes ; intravenous injection ; leptin ; parturition ; protein synthesis
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0614
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13121980
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Protocolized screening and detection of occult alcohol use before and after liver transplant: Lessons learned from a quality improvement initiative.

Lim, N / Leventhal, T M / Thomson, M J / Hassan, M / Thompson, J / Adams, A / Chinnakotla, S / Humphreville, V / Kandaswamy, R / Kirchner, V / Pruett, T L / Schuller, L / McCarty, M / Lake, J

Clinical transplantation

2023 Volume 37, Issue 9, Page(s) e15036

Abstract: Introduction: Detection of alcohol (ETOH) use with biomarkers provides an opportunity to intervene and treat patients with alcohol use disorder before and after liver transplant (LT). We describe our center's experience using urine ethyl glucuronide ( ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Detection of alcohol (ETOH) use with biomarkers provides an opportunity to intervene and treat patients with alcohol use disorder before and after liver transplant (LT). We describe our center's experience using urine ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and serum phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in alcohol screening protocols. Methods: Single-center, retrospective review of patients presenting for LT evaluation, patients waitlisted for LT for alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), and patients who received a LT for ALD over a 12-month period, from October 1, 2019 through September 30, 2020. Patients were followed from waitlisting to LT, or for up to 12 months post-LT. We monitored protocol adherence to screening for ETOH use- defined as completion of all possible tests over the follow-up period- at the initial LT visit, while on the LT waitlist and after LT. Results: During the study period, 227 patients were evaluated for LT (median age 57 years, 58% male, 78% white, 54.2% ALD). Thirty-one patients with ALD were placed on the waitlist, and 38 patients underwent LT for ALD during this time period. Protocolized adherence to screening for alcohol use was higher for PEth for all LT evaluation patients (191 [84.1%] vs. 146 [67%] eligible patients, p < .001), in patients with ALD waitlisted for LT (22 [71%] vs. 14 (48%] eligible patients, p = .04) and after LT for ALD, 20 (33 [86.8%] vs. 20 [52.6%] eligible patients, p < .01). Few patients with a positive test in any group completed chemical dependency treatment. Conclusions: When screening for ETOH use in pre- and post-LT patients, protocol adherence is higher using PEth compared to EtG. While protocolized biomarker screening can detect recurrent ETOH use in this population, engagement of patients into chemical dependency treatment remains challenging.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Female ; Liver Transplantation ; Quality Improvement ; Alcohol Drinking ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; Alcoholism/diagnosis ; Ethanol ; Biomarkers
Chemical Substances	Ethanol (3K9958V90M) ; ethyl glucuronide (17685-04-0) ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-23
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639001-8
ISSN	1399-0012 ; 0902-0063
ISSN (online)	1399-0012
ISSN	0902-0063
DOI	10.1111/ctr.15036
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Article: Safety of DIEP Flap Reconstruction in Patients with Factor V Leiden: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Veeramani, Anamika / McCarty, Justin C / Vieira, Brittany L / Karinja, Sarah / Pusic, Andrea L / Carty, Matthew J / Erdmann-Sager, Jessica

Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open

2022 Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) e4244

Abstract: ... with 5% (n = 5/94, 3/94 flaps lost, : Conclusions: FVL heterozygosity did not increase the risk ...

Abstract	Background: Factor V Leiden (FVL) is the most common inherited thrombophilia in White people. Thrombotic complications resulting from free flap breast reconstruction in FVL patients have been studied to a limited degree. We evaluated whether patients heterozygous for a FVL mutation undergoing deep inferior epigastric perforator flap reconstruction had increased risk of micro- or macrovascular thrombotic complications compared with patients without a diagnosed thrombophilia. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of deep inferior epigastric perforator flap reconstructions at Brigham and Women's Hospital (1/2015-12/2020) comparing patients diagnosed as FVL heterozygotes compared with matched controls without a diagnosed thrombophilia. Patients were matched using coarsened exact matching algorithm based on clinical characteristics. The primary outcomes were micro- (return to OR for flap compromise, flap loss) and macrovascular (venous thromboembolism) complications. Results: A total of 506 patients (812 flaps) were included in this study. Eleven patients (17 flaps) were FVL heterozygotes. After matching, 10 patients (16 flaps) with FVL were matched to 55 patients (94 flaps). The return to OR for flap compromise was 0% in the FVL cohort compared with 5% (n = 5/94, 3/94 flaps lost, Conclusions: FVL heterozygosity did not increase the risk of micro- or macrovascular complications in patients undergoing deep inferior epigastric perforator flap breast reconstruction. This study supports the safety of microvascular reconstruction in this group of patients when appropriate venous thromboembolism prophylaxis is given.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2851682-5
ISSN	2169-7574 ; 2169-7574
ISSN (online)	2169-7574
ISSN	2169-7574
DOI	10.1097/GOX.0000000000004244
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