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Article ; Online: Lasers in Tonsillectomy: Revisited With Systematic Review.

Ahmed, Jake / Arya, Arvind

2020 Volume 100, Issue 1_suppl, Page(s) 14S–18S

Abstract: Introduction: In 2005, the National Prospective Tonsillectomy Audit was conducted by the Royal College of Surgeons England, reporting hot tonsillectomy techniques being associated with more postoperative pain and hemorrhage when compared with dissection. ...

Abstract	Introduction: In 2005, the National Prospective Tonsillectomy Audit was conducted by the Royal College of Surgeons England, reporting hot tonsillectomy techniques being associated with more postoperative pain and hemorrhage when compared with dissection. In 2006, the National Institute of Clinical Excellence declared its position on laser tonsillectomy reporting that bleeding may be less intraoperatively but is more postoperatively, that initial pain may be less but medium term is more and that healing is delayed. Aim: To revisit the literature surrounding laser tonsil surgery and assess the aforementioned factors for any trend changes. Methodology: A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-style systematic review conducted in July 2019 searched Embase, Medline, and Cochrane databases for randomized controlled trials comparing laser tonsil surgery with other techniques with the terms laser, tonsillectomy, and tonsillotomy for nonmalignant indications. A total of 14 articles were evaluated. Results: A total of 1133 patients received surgery accounting for a total of 2266 tonsil removals. A variety of laser techniques were used including CO2 (66%) potassium-titanyl-phosphate (19%) and contact diode (15%). Nonlaser techniques included dissection (62%), diathermy (20%), and coblation (18%). The summated conclusions suggest that laser techniques are superior regarding intraoperative bleeding and procedure duration. Laser techniques also provide equivocal or superior outcomes regarding postoperative hemorrhage, pain, and total healing time. Conclusion: Outcomes following laser surgery in recent years suggest an overall improvement. This could be due to enhanced familiarity with techniques and established centers performing laser procedures more routinely.
MeSH term(s)	Blood Loss, Surgical ; Humans ; Laser Therapy/methods ; Laser Therapy/trends ; Operative Time ; Pain, Postoperative/etiology ; Postoperative Hemorrhage/etiology ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Tonsillectomy/methods ; Tonsillectomy/trends ; Treatment Outcome ; Wound Healing
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	750153-5
ISSN	1942-7522 ; 0145-5613
ISSN (online)	1942-7522
ISSN	0145-5613
DOI	10.1177/0145561320961747
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Article: Safety and efficacy of the CELT ACD femoral arteriotomy closure device in the office-based laboratory.

Ghamraoui, Ahmed K / Forman, Jake / Ricotta, John / Ricotta, Joseph J

Journal of vascular surgery cases and innovative techniques

2023 Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) 101139

Abstract: Objective: Manual compression remains the gold standard for achieving hemostasis for percutaneous common femoral artery access. However, it requires prolonged bedrest and 20 to 30 minutes or more of compression for hemostasis. Current arterial closure ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Manual compression remains the gold standard for achieving hemostasis for percutaneous common femoral artery access. However, it requires prolonged bedrest and 20 to 30 minutes or more of compression for hemostasis. Current arterial closure devices have emerged in recent years, but patients still require prolonged bedrest and time to ambulation and discharge, and these devices are associated with significant access device complications, including hematoma, retroperitoneal bleeding, transfusion requirement, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, and arterial thrombosis. A novel femoral access closure device, the CELT ACD (Vasorum Ltd, Dublin, Ireland), has been previously shown to reduce these complication rates and allow rapid hemostasis, require little or no bedrest, and shortened time to ambulation and discharge. This is especially advantageous in the outpatient setting. We report our initial experience with this device. Methods: A prospective single-center single-arm study was performed in an office-based laboratory setting to assess the safety and efficacy of the CELT ACD closure device. Patients underwent diagnostic and therapeutic peripheral arterial procedures from retrograde or antegrade common femoral artery access. Primary endpoints include device deployment success, time to hemostasis, and major or minor complications. Secondary endpoints include time to ambulation and time to discharge. Major complications were defined as bleeding requiring hospitalization or blood transfusion, device embolization, pseudoaneurysm formation, and limb ischemia. Minor complications were defined as bleeding not requiring hospitalization/blood transfusion, device malfunction, and access site infection. Results: A total of 442 patients were enrolled with common femoral access only. Median age was 78 years (range, 48-91 years), and 64% were male. Heparin was given in all cases, with median heparin dose of 6000 units (range, 3000-10,000 units). Protamine reversal was used in 10 cases due to minor soft tissue bleeding. Average time to hemostasis was 12.1 seconds (±13.2 seconds), time to ambulation was 17.1 minutes (±5.2 minutes), and time to discharge was 31.7 minutes (±8.9 minutes). All devices (100%) were deployed successfully. No major complications occurred (0%). Ten minor complications (2.3%) occurred; all were minor soft tissue bleeding from the access site that resolved with protamine reversal of heparin and manual compression. Conclusions: The CELT ACD closure device is safe and easily deployed with a very low complication rate, and significantly reduces time to hemostasis, ambulation, and discharge in patients undergoing peripheral arterial intervention from a common femoral artery approach in the office-based laboratory setting. This is a promising device that deserves further evaluation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2468-4287
ISSN	2468-4287
DOI	10.1016/j.jvscit.2023.101139
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Article ; Online: svCapture: efficient and specific detection of very low frequency structural variant junctions by error-minimized capture sequencing.

Wilson, Thomas E / Ahmed, Samreen / Higgins, Jake / Salk, Jesse J / Glover, Thomas W

NAR genomics and bioinformatics

2023 Volume 5, Issue 2, Page(s) lqad042

Abstract: Error-corrected sequencing of genomic targets enriched by probe-based capture has become a standard approach for detecting single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and small insertion/deletions (indels) present at very low variant allele frequencies. Less ... ...

Abstract	Error-corrected sequencing of genomic targets enriched by probe-based capture has become a standard approach for detecting single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and small insertion/deletions (indels) present at very low variant allele frequencies. Less attention has been given to comparable strategies for rare structural variant (SV) junctions, where different error mechanisms must be addressed. Working from samples with known SV properties, we demonstrate that duplex sequencing (DuplexSeq), which demands confirmation of variants on both strands of a source DNA molecule, eliminates false SV junctions arising from chimeric PCR. DuplexSeq could not address frequent intermolecular ligation artifacts that arise during Y-adapter addition prior to strand denaturation without requiring multiple source molecules. In contrast, tagmentation libraries coupled with data filtering based on strand family size greatly reduced both artifact classes and enabled efficient and specific detection of single-molecule SV junctions. The throughput of SV capture sequencing (svCapture) and base-level accuracy of DuplexSeq provided detailed views of the microhomology profile and limited occurrence of
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2631-9268
ISSN (online)	2631-9268
DOI	10.1093/nargab/lqad042
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Article ; Online: Refining the correction factor for a better monitoring of antidepressant use by wastewater-based epidemiology: A case study of amitriptyline.

Zhao, Zeyang / Zheng, Qiuda / Tscharke, Benjamin J / Ahmed, Fahad / O'Brien, Jake W / Gao, Jianfa / Covaci, Adrian / Thai, Phong K

The Science of the total environment

2024 Volume 926, Page(s) 172057

Abstract: Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is proposed as a cost-effective approach to objectively monitor the antidepressant use but it requires more accurate correction factors (CF) than what had been used in previous studies. Amitriptyline is a popular ... ...

Abstract	Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is proposed as a cost-effective approach to objectively monitor the antidepressant use but it requires more accurate correction factors (CF) than what had been used in previous studies. Amitriptyline is a popular prescription medicine for treating depression and nerve pain, which could be prone to misuse and need monitoring. The CF of amitriptyline employed in previous WBE studies varied from 10 to 100, leading to substantial disparities between WBE estimates and expected mass of antidepressants in wastewater. Hence, this study aimed to take amitriptyline as a case study and refine the CF by correlating mass loads measured in wastewater from 12.2 million inhabitants collected during the 2016 Census with corresponding annual sales data. The triangulation of WBE data and sales data resulted in a newly-derived CF of 7, which is significantly different from the CF values used in previous studies. The newly derived CF was applied to a secondary, multi-year (2017 to 2020) WBE dataset for validation against sales data in the same period, demonstrating the estimated amitriptyline use (380 ± 320 mg/day/1000 inhabitants) is consistent with sales data (450 ± 190 mg/day/1000 inhabitants). When we applied the new CF to previous studies, the wastewater consumption loads matched better to prescription data than previous WBE estimations. The refined CF of amitriptyline can be used in future WBE studies to improve the accuracy of the consumption estimates.
MeSH term(s)	Amitriptyline ; Wastewater ; Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring ; Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Amitriptyline (1806D8D52K) ; Wastewater ; Antidepressive Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-28
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172057
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Article ; Online: The impact of alteration in gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Jacob, Jake S / Ahmed, Aijaz / Cholankeril, George

Current opinion in infectious diseases

2021 Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 477–482

Abstract: Purpose of review: We have increasing evidence that alterations of the intestinal microbiome have a strong influence on human health. Previous work has demonstrated the association between changes in the microbiome and metabolic risk factors. One ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: We have increasing evidence that alterations of the intestinal microbiome have a strong influence on human health. Previous work has demonstrated the association between changes in the microbiome and metabolic risk factors. One related area of interest is the relationship between dysbiosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as the global prevalence of NAFLD, and its resultant complications, increases. Recent findings: In this review, we summarize the hypothesized pathophysiology of dysbiosis-mediated progression of NAFLD, including promotion of an inflammatory intestinal environment, increased intestinal permeability, endogenous ethanol production, short-chain fatty acid production, secondary bile acid metabolism, and choline depletion. We also review potential therapeutic interventions of the microbiome to slow or prevent NAFLD progression, including antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplant, and farnesoid × receptor agonism. Summary: Much of the evidence supporting dysbiosis-mediated NAFLD progression has been gathered in high-quality animal trials. There remains a need for additional observational and randomized controlled trials in humans to establish causality between the suspected factors and pathogenesis of NAFLD.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Dysbiosis ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Liver ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Prebiotics ; Probiotics
Chemical Substances	Prebiotics
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	645085-4
ISSN	1473-6527 ; 1535-3877 ; 0951-7375 ; 1355-834X
ISSN (online)	1473-6527 ; 1535-3877
ISSN	0951-7375 ; 1355-834X
DOI	10.1097/QCO.0000000000000759
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Zs.A 2462: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Intravenous cyclizine: expression of concerns on the gastroenterology ward round post-Christmas and the bigger picture at a university hospital.

Ahmed, Reham / Abuelgasim, Eyad / Ashraf, Mariha / Bould, James / Crouch, Jake / Foulkes, Stephen / Wu, Sam Keng / Leonard, David / Sewell, Charlotte / Troth, Thomas / Sarwar, Asif / Sanghera, Anita / Alame, Riad / Cooney, Rachel / Bhala, Neeraj

Clinical medicine (London, England)

2024 Volume 23 Suppl 6, Page(s) 95

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2048646-7
ISSN	1473-4893 ; 1470-2118
ISSN (online)	1473-4893
ISSN	1470-2118
DOI	10.7861/clinmed.23-6-s95
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Article ; Online: Intravenous cyclizine: expression of concerns on the gastroenterology ward round post-Christmas and the bigger picture at a university hospital.

Clinical medicine (London, England)

2024 Volume 23, Issue Suppl 6, Page(s) 95

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2048646-7
ISSN	1473-4893 ; 1470-2118
ISSN (online)	1473-4893
ISSN	1470-2118
DOI	10.7861/clinmed.23-6-s95
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Article: Management of epistaxis: a guide for junior doctors.

Ahmed, Jake / Leopard, Daniel / Teasdale, Alex / Cheah, Wilson / Marnane, Conor

British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005)

2021 Volume 82, Issue 7, Page(s) 1–8

Abstract: Epistaxis is commonly seen as an acute presentation to the emergency department. The level of severity can range from a minor ooze to a life-threatening bleed. The initial management is often the responsibility of junior doctors working in otolaryngology ...

Abstract	Epistaxis is commonly seen as an acute presentation to the emergency department. The level of severity can range from a minor ooze to a life-threatening bleed. The initial management is often the responsibility of junior doctors working in otolaryngology or the emergency department, so they must be familiar with the initial steps in treating this often distressing condition. The COVID-19 pandemic has complicated matters further as much of the management takes place in the upper airway. This article outlines the key considerations in the management of epistaxis, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Epistaxis/etiology ; Epistaxis/pathology ; Epistaxis/therapy ; Humans ; Medical Staff, Hospital/education ; Pandemics ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severity of Illness Index
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	1750-8460
ISSN	1750-8460
DOI	10.12968/hmed.2021.0071
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Article: A Survey of Conversational Agents and Their Applications for Self-Management of Chronic Conditions.

Park, Min Sook / Upama, Paramita Basak / Anik, Adib Ahmed / Ahamed, Sheikh Iqbal / Luo, Jake / Tian, Shiyu / Rabbani, Masud / Oh, Hyungkyoung

Proceedings : Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference. COMPSAC

2023 Volume 2023, Page(s) 1064–1075

Abstract: Conversational agents have gained their ground in our daily life and various domains including healthcare. Chronic condition self-management is one of the promising healthcare areas in which conversational agents demonstrate significant potential to ... ...

Abstract	Conversational agents have gained their ground in our daily life and various domains including healthcare. Chronic condition self-management is one of the promising healthcare areas in which conversational agents demonstrate significant potential to contribute to alleviating healthcare burdens from chronic conditions. This survey paper introduces and outlines types of conversational agents, their generic architecture and workflow, the implemented technologies, and their application to chronic condition self-management.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
DOI	10.1109/COMPSAC57700.2023.00162
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Article ; Online: National Wastewater Reconnaissance of Analgesic Consumption in Australia.

Ahmed, Fahad / Tscharke, Benjamin / O'Brien, Jake W / Hall, Wayne D / Cabot, Peter J / Sowa, P Marcin / Samanipour, Saer / Thomas, Kevin V

Environmental science & technology

2023 Volume 57, Issue 4, Page(s) 1712–1720

Abstract: A wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) method is presented to estimate analgesic consumption and assess the burden of treated pain in Australian communities. Wastewater influent samples from 60 communities, representing ∼52% of Australia's population, ... ...

Abstract	A wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) method is presented to estimate analgesic consumption and assess the burden of treated pain in Australian communities. Wastewater influent samples from 60 communities, representing ∼52% of Australia's population, were analyzed to quantify the concentration of analgesics used to treat pain and converted to estimates of the amount of drug consumed per day per 1000 inhabitants using pharmacokinetics and WBE data. Consumption was standardized to the defined daily dose per day per 1000 people. The population burden of pain treatment was classified as mild to moderate pain (for non-opioid analgesics) and strong to severe pain (for opioid analgesics). The mean per capita weighted total DDD of non-opioid analgesics was 0.029 DDD/day/person, and that of opioid-based analgesics was 0.037 DDD/day/person across Australia. A greater burden of pain (mild to moderate or strong to severe pain index) was observed at regional and remote sites. The correlation analysis of pain indices with different socioeconomic descriptors revealed that pain affects populations from high to low socioeconomic groups. Australians spent an estimated US $3.5 (AU $5) per day on analgesics. Our findings suggest that WBE could be an effective surveillance tool for estimating the consumption of analgesics at a population scale and assessing the total treated pain burden in communities.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Wastewater ; Australia/epidemiology ; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/therapeutic use ; Analgesics/therapeutic use ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Pain/drug therapy ; Pain/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Wastewater ; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; Analgesics ; Analgesics, Opioid
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1520-5851
ISSN (online)	1520-5851
DOI	10.1021/acs.est.2c06691
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