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Article: Mass spectrometry analytical responses to the SARS-CoV2 coronavirus in review.

Griffin, Justin H / Downard, Kevin M

2021 Volume 142, Page(s) 116328

Abstract: This article reviews the many and varied mass spectrometry based responses to the SARS-CoV2 coronavirus amidst a continuing global healthcare crisis. Although RT-PCR is the most prevalent molecular based surveillance approach, improvements in the ... ...

Abstract	This article reviews the many and varied mass spectrometry based responses to the SARS-CoV2 coronavirus amidst a continuing global healthcare crisis. Although RT-PCR is the most prevalent molecular based surveillance approach, improvements in the detection sensitivities with mass spectrometry coupled to the rapid nature of analysis, the high molecular precision of measurements, opportunities for high sample throughput, and the potential for in-field testing, offer advantages for characterising the virus and studying the molecular pathways by which it infects host cells. The detection of biomarkers by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, studies of viral peptides using proteotyping strategies, targeted LC-MS analyses to identify abundant peptides in clinical specimens, the analysis of viral protein glycoforms, proteomics approaches to understand impacts of infection on host cells, and examinations of point-of-care breath analysis have all been explored. This review organises and illustrates these applications with reference to the many studies that have appeared in the literature since the outbreak. In this respect, those studies in which mass spectrometry has a major role are the focus, and only those which have peer-reviewed have been cited.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2014041-1
ISSN	0165-9936
ISSN	0165-9936
DOI	10.1016/j.trac.2021.116328
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Article ; Online: Detection and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus variants of concern with mass spectrometry.

Mann, Christian / Griffin, Justin H / Downard, Kevin M

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry

2021 Volume 413, Issue 29, Page(s) 7241–7249

Abstract: Mass mapping using high-resolution mass spectrometry has been applied to identify and rapidly distinguish SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus strains across five major variants of concern. Deletions or mutations within the surface spike protein across these variants, ...

Abstract	Mass mapping using high-resolution mass spectrometry has been applied to identify and rapidly distinguish SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus strains across five major variants of concern. Deletions or mutations within the surface spike protein across these variants, which originated in the UK, South Africa, Brazil and India (known as the alpha, beta, gamma and delta variants respectively), lead to associated mass differences in the mass maps. Peptides of unique mass have thus been determined that can be used to identify and distinguish the variants. The same mass map profiles are also utilized to construct phylogenetic trees, without the need for protein (or gene) sequences or their alignment, in order to chart and study viral evolution. The combined strategy offers advantages over conventional PCR-based gene-based approaches exploiting the ease with which protein mass maps can be generated and the speed and sensitivity of mass spectrometric analysis.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/virology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-16
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	201093-8
ISSN	1618-2650 ; 0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
ISSN (online)	1618-2650
ISSN	0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
DOI	10.1007/s00216-021-03649-1
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Article ; Online: Detection, Mapping, and Proteotyping of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus with High Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

Dollman, Nicholas L / Griffin, Justin H / Downard, Kevin M

ACS infectious diseases

2020 Volume 6, Issue 12, Page(s) 3269–3276

Abstract: A high resolution mass spectrometry approach has been applied for the first time to detect and characterize SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in cell cultured and nasopharyngeal swab specimens. Peptide ions for three of the most abundant structural viral proteins ( ... ...

Abstract	A high resolution mass spectrometry approach has been applied for the first time to detect and characterize SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in cell cultured and nasopharyngeal swab specimens. Peptide ions for three of the most abundant structural viral proteins (membrane, nucleocapid, and spike) are detected and assigned directly, by virtue of the high resolution and mass accuracy within the mass maps of whole virus digests, without the need for tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). MALDI-MS based approaches offer high sample throughput and speed, compared with those of LC-MS strategies, and detection limits at some 10
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/virology ; Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/chemistry ; Humans ; Peptide Mapping/methods ; Phosphoproteins/chemistry ; Proteolysis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; SARS-CoV-2/chemistry ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry ; Viral Matrix Proteins/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins ; Phosphoproteins ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Viral Matrix Proteins ; membrane protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; nucleocapsid phosphoprotein, SARS-CoV-2 ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2373-8227
ISSN (online)	2373-8227
DOI	10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00664
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Article ; Online: Mild Biceps Tendonitis May Be Managed Nonoperatively During Shoulder Arthroscopy.

Light, Jonathan J / du Plessis, Wihan / Adsit, Matthew H / Eckstrom, Alexander T / Firoved, Amanda B / Griffin, Justin W / Bonner, Kevin F

Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation

2023 Volume 5, Issue 5, Page(s) 100785

Abstract: Purpose: The purposes of this study were to determine whether patients with mild biceps tendonitis required revision surgery after the biceps tendon was not surgically treated, while addressing concomitant pathology, and to evaluate whether preoperative ...

Abstract	Purpose: The purposes of this study were to determine whether patients with mild biceps tendonitis required revision surgery after the biceps tendon was not surgically treated, while addressing concomitant pathology, and to evaluate whether preoperative groove pain affected patient-reported outcomes. Methods: Patients who underwent shoulder arthroscopy between 2015 and 2018 by a single surgeon for rotator cuff pathology, debridement, and distal clavicular excision (DCE), with or without subacromial decompression (SAD), and where the biceps tendon was not surgically addressed were retrospectively identified. Inclusion criteria were mild LS (<50% hyperemic appearing biceps tendon arthroscopically), and a minimum 2-year follow-up. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of revision surgery. Secondary outcomes included American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, simple shoulder test (SST), pain level, and satisfaction scores. Two sample Results: Sixty-four of 69 eligible subjects (93%) were evaluated at a minimum of 2 years postoperatively. One out of 64 subjects underwent revision to perform a biceps tenodesis. Overall, patients had high patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) postoperatively. Ninety-seven percent of patients reported they would have the surgery again. The presence of preoperative bicipital groove tenderness had no effect on ASES ( Conclusions: Patients with mild biceps tendonitis showed favorable outcomes with low revision rates and high patient satisfaction when the biceps tendon was not surgically addressed when the primary shoulder pathology was treated during arthroscopy, independent of preoperative groove pain. Level of evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-061X
ISSN (online)	2666-061X
DOI	10.1016/j.asmr.2023.100785
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Article: Detection and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus variants of concern with mass spectrometry

Mann, Christian / Griffin, Justin H. / Downard, Kevin M.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. 2021 Dec., v. 413, no. 29

2021

Abstract	Mass mapping using high-resolution mass spectrometry has been applied to identify and rapidly distinguish SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus strains across five major variants of concern. Deletions or mutations within the surface spike protein across these variants, which originated in the UK, South Africa, Brazil and India (known as the alpha, beta, gamma and delta variants respectively), lead to associated mass differences in the mass maps. Peptides of unique mass have thus been determined that can be used to identify and distinguish the variants. The same mass map profiles are also utilized to construct phylogenetic trees, without the need for protein (or gene) sequences or their alignment, in order to chart and study viral evolution. The combined strategy offers advantages over conventional PCR-based gene-based approaches exploiting the ease with which protein mass maps can be generated and the speed and sensitivity of mass spectrometric analysis.
Keywords	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; analytical chemistry ; genes ; mass spectrometry ; peptides ; phylogeny ; polymerase chain reaction ; Brazil ; India ; South Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 7241-7249.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ISSN	1618-2642
DOI	10.1007/s00216-021-03649-1
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Article ; Online: New data on Henneguya postexilis Minchew, 1977, a parasite of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, with notes on resolution of molecular markers for myxozoan phylogeny.

Woodyard, Ethan T / Rosser, Thomas G / Stilwell, Justin M / Camus, Alvin C / Khoo, Lester H / Waldbieser, Geoffrey / Lorenz, W Walter / Griffin, Matt J

Systematic parasitology

2022 Volume 99, Issue 1, Page(s) 41–62

Abstract: ... for H. postexilis. Additionally, novel data for LSU and EF2 were generated for archived myxozoan ... specimens from farm-raised catfish (H. mississippiensis, H. ictaluri, H. exilis, H. adiposa, H. sutherlandi ... H. bulbosus, Unicauda fimbrethilae), as well as archived specimens from wild fish (H. laseeae ...

Abstract	Previous morphological and histological data are supplemented with molecular and ultrastructural data for a Henneguya sp. isolated from farm-raised channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus in Mississippi, USA. Myxospores were cryptic, encapsulated within a thin layer of epithelium in the gill lamellae with spore measurements consistent with the original description of Henneguya postexilis Minchew, 1977. Myxospores were 42.7-49.1 µm in total length with spore bodies 12.1-17.2 × 3.6-4.8 × 2.9-3 µm. Polar capsules were of unequal length, with the longer capsule being 4.4-6.7 × 1.1-1.6 µm and the shorter capsule being 4.4-6.4 × 1.1-1.6 µm. Polar tubules had 6-8 turns. Caudal processes were 25.7-38.1 µm in length. Spores were encapsulated in a thin layer of epithelium in the gill lamellae. Molecular data from the most commonly used markers for myxozoan identification and phylogeny, partial 18S small subunit ribosomal gene (SSU), partial 28S large subunit ribosomal gene (LSU), and elongation factor 2 (EF2) were generated for H. postexilis. Additionally, novel data for LSU and EF2 were generated for archived myxozoan specimens from farm-raised catfish (H. mississippiensis, H. ictaluri, H. exilis, H. adiposa, H. sutherlandi, H. bulbosus, Unicauda fimbrethilae), as well as archived specimens from wild fish (H. laseeae [from Pylodictis olivaris], Hennegoides flockae [from Aphredoderus sayanus], Myxobolus cloutmani [from Cycleptus elongatus]. These include the first EF2 sequence data for the genera Hennegoides and Unicauda. Phylogenetic analyses using these data placed H. postexilis in well supported clades with other ictalurid-infecting Henneguya species. Phylogenetic signal assessments on these analyses suggest that while SSU provided the greatest phylogenetic signal, LSU yielded comparable signal, supporting previous work implying this region may be underutilised in reconstructing myxobolid phylogenies.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Fish Diseases/parasitology ; Gills/parasitology ; Ictaluridae/parasitology ; Myxozoa/genetics ; Parasites ; Parasitic Diseases, Animal/parasitology ; Phylogeny ; Species Specificity
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2018846-8
ISSN	1573-5192 ; 0165-5752
ISSN (online)	1573-5192
ISSN	0165-5752
DOI	10.1007/s11230-021-10015-3
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Article ; Online: Species-specific in situ hybridization confirms arrested development of Henneguya ictaluri in hybrid catfish (Channel Catfish × Blue Catfish) under experimental conditions, with notes on mixed-species infections in clinical cases of proliferative gill disease from Mississippi catfish aquaculture.

Stilwell, Justin M / Camus, Alvin C / Woodyard, Ethan T / Ware, Cynthia / Rosser, Thomas G / Gunn, Mackenzie A / López-Porras, Adrián / Khoo, Lester H / Wise, David J / Griffin, Matt J

Journal of aquatic animal health

2023 Volume 35, Issue 4, Page(s) 223–237

Abstract: ... Despite evidence of decreased H. ictaluri transmission and impaired parasite development in hybrid catfish ... revealed numerous myxozoans within affected gill tissues in addition to H. ictaluri. The objective ... of this study was to investigate the development and pathologic contributions of H. ictaluri and other myxozoans ...

Abstract	Objective: Proliferative gill disease (PGD) in Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus and hybrid catfish (Channel Catfish × Blue Catfish I. furcatus) is attributed to the myxozoan Henneguya ictaluri. Despite evidence of decreased H. ictaluri transmission and impaired parasite development in hybrid catfish, PGD still occurs in hybrid production systems. Previous metagenomic assessments of clinical PGD cases revealed numerous myxozoans within affected gill tissues in addition to H. ictaluri. The objective of this study was to investigate the development and pathologic contributions of H. ictaluri and other myxozoans in naturally and experimentally induced PGD. Methods: Henneguya species-specific in situ hybridization (ISH) assays were developed using RNAscope technology. Natural infections were sourced from diagnostic case submissions in 2019. Experimental challenges involved Channel Catfish and hybrid catfish exposed to pond water from an active PGD outbreak, and the fish were sampled at 1, 7, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 weeks postchallenge. Result: Nine unique ISH probes were designed, targeting a diagnostic variable region of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene of select myxozoan taxa identified in clinical PGD cases. Partial validation from pure H. ictaluri, H. adiposa, H. postexilis, and H. exilis infections illustrated species-specific labeling and no cross-reactivity between different myxozoan species or the catfish hosts. After experimental challenge, mature plasmodia of H. ictaluri and H. postexilis formed in Channel Catfish but were not observed in hybrids, suggesting impaired or delayed sporogenesis in the hybridized host. These investigations also confirmed the presence of mixed infections in clinical PGD cases. Conclusion: Although H. ictaluri appears to be the primary cause of PGD, presporogonic stages of other myxozoans were also present, which may contribute to disease pathology and exacerbate respiratory compromise by further altering normal gill morphology. This work provides molecular confirmation and more resolute developmental timelines of H. ictaluri and H. postexilis in Channel Catfish and supports previous research indicating impaired or precluded H. ictaluri sporogony in hybrid catfish.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ictaluridae ; Catfishes/genetics ; Gills/parasitology ; Mississippi ; Coinfection/veterinary ; Fish Diseases/epidemiology ; Parasitic Diseases, Animal/parasitology ; Myxozoa/genetics ; Aquaculture
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1019919-6
ISSN	1548-8667 ; 0899-7659
ISSN (online)	1548-8667
ISSN	0899-7659
DOI	10.1002/aah.10196
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Article ; Online: Pathologic Changes Associated With Respiratory Compromise And Morbidity Due To Massive Interlamellar

Stilwell, Justin M / Camus, Alvin C / Leary, John H / Khoo, Lester H / Griffin, Matt J

The Journal of parasitology

2019 Volume 105, Issue 5, Page(s) 686–692

Abstract: There are ... ...

Abstract	There are multiple
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Aquaculture ; Female ; Fish Diseases/epidemiology ; Fish Diseases/parasitology ; Fish Diseases/pathology ; Gills/parasitology ; Gills/pathology ; Ictaluridae/parasitology ; Immunohistochemistry/veterinary ; Male ; Mississippi/epidemiology ; Morbidity ; Myxozoa/classification ; Myxozoa/genetics ; Myxozoa/isolation & purification ; Myxozoa/pathogenicity ; Parasitic Diseases, Animal/epidemiology ; Parasitic Diseases, Animal/parasitology ; Parasitic Diseases, Animal/pathology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary ; Respiration Disorders/epidemiology ; Respiration Disorders/parasitology ; Respiration Disorders/pathology ; Respiration Disorders/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	300870-8
ISSN	1937-2345 ; 0022-3395
ISSN (online)	1937-2345
ISSN	0022-3395
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Article ; Online: Surveillance for disease progression of transthyretin amyloidosis after heart transplantation in the era of novel disease modifying therapies.

Griffin, Jan M / Baughan, Eleonore / Rosenblum, Hannah / Clerkin, Kevin J / Fried, Justin A / Raikhelkar, Jayant / Uriel, Nir / Brannagan, Thomas H / Takeda, Koji / Grodin, Justin L / Marboe, Charles / Maurer, Mathew S / Farr, Maryjane A

The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation

2021 Volume 41, Issue 2, Page(s) 199–207

Abstract: Background: Heart Transplantation (HT) is a rational therapy for advanced transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA), but the impact of ongoing amyloid deposition is not well defined. We evaluated a cohort of patients who underwent HT for ATTR-CA to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Heart Transplantation (HT) is a rational therapy for advanced transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA), but the impact of ongoing amyloid deposition is not well defined. We evaluated a cohort of patients who underwent HT for ATTR-CA to determine the incidence of de novo or progression of post-HT ATTR deposition. Methods: All patients who were followed post-HT for ATTR-CA at our center were included. Baseline demographics and post-HT manifestations of TTR deposition were collected. All patients completed the Composite Autonomic Symptom Score (COMPASS-31 quantifies autonomic symptoms, with a higher score [0-100] indicating more severe autonomic dysfunction) and Polyneuropathy Disability Score (PND, range from 0 [asymptomatic] to IV [confined to wheelchair/bed]) questionnaires. Results: Twelve patients (5 wild-type, 7 variant [6 p.Val142Ile, 1 p.Thr80Ala]) were included. Mean age at HT was 64.6 (SD: 4.8) years, 83.3% male, and 50% Black. At a median of 4.0 years (IQR 2.4, 5.9) post-HT, 8 patients had symptoms of ATTR deposition (5 with gastrointestinal involvement, 4 orthopedic and 4 neurologic), with 4 patients having ≥2 body systems involved. There were no patients with recurrent cardiac involvement. Median COMPASS-31 score was 17.3 (IQR 11.3, 23.5) at 3.9 years (IQR 2.4, 5.9) post-HT. Four patients had a PND score of stage 1 (sensory disturbance), 1 patient was stage 2 (impaired walking) and 1 patient stage 3b (required a walking aid). Conclusions: More than 50% of patients had evidence of progressive or de novo ATTR deposition post-HT, impairing quality of life despite a well-functioning cardiac allograft. These observations highlight an unmet need to establish the role of formal surveillance and treatment of TTR using TTR disease-modifying therapies, which may maintain or improve quality of life post-HT for ATTR-CA.
MeSH term(s)	Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial/epidemiology ; Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial/therapy ; Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance/methods ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Antirheumatic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1062522-7
ISSN	1557-3117 ; 1053-2498
ISSN (online)	1557-3117
ISSN	1053-2498
DOI	10.1016/j.healun.2021.10.007
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Article ; Online: Molecular confirmation of Henneguya adiposa (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) and associated histologic changes in adipose fins of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Teleost).

Stilwell, Justin M / Camus, Alvin C / Leary, John H / Mohammed, Haitham H / Griffin, Matt J

Parasitology research

2019 Volume 118, Issue 5, Page(s) 1639–1645

Abstract: ... H. adiposa is not associated with morbidity or mortality, although detailed descriptions ... of its associated histologic pathology are lacking. The objective of this work was to confirm the presence of H ... from excised myxospores confirmed the myxozoan's identity as H. adiposa, with 100% similarity to the reference ...

Abstract	Henneguya adiposa is one of ten known, closely related myxozoan species that parasitize a variety of tissue sites in the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Reported to specifically target the adipose fin, H. adiposa is not associated with morbidity or mortality, although detailed descriptions of its associated histologic pathology are lacking. The objective of this work was to confirm the presence of H. adiposa within fin lesions of affected channel catfish using DNA sequenced from histologic sections obtained by laser capture microdissection, as well as to describe pathologic changes induced by infection. The parasite formed large, white, elongate, nodular plasmodia that caused localized tissue damage and incited a granulomatous inflammatory response within a deep connective tissue layer at the base of the adipose fin. Myxospores released from ruptured plasmodia into adjacent tissue were observed to migrate superficially in tracts through the skin, indicating a portal of exit for environmental dispersal. Defects in the connective tissue layer created by ruptured plasmodia were infiltrated by granulomatous inflammation and fibroplasia, suggesting lesion resolution by scar formation over time. Sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene amplified from excised myxospores confirmed the myxozoan's identity as H. adiposa, with 100% similarity to the reference sequence from previous published work.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Fins/parasitology ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Fish Diseases/parasitology ; Ictaluridae/parasitology ; Myxozoa/classification ; Myxozoa/genetics ; Myxozoa/isolation & purification ; Parasitic Diseases, Animal/parasitology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics ; Spores, Protozoan/metabolism
Chemical Substances	RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	284966-5
ISSN	1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
ISSN (online)	1432-1955
ISSN	0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
DOI	10.1007/s00436-019-06295-w
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