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Article ; Online: Targeted Cancer Therapies.

Smith, Claire Elizabeth Powers / Prasad, Vinayak

2021 Volume 103, Issue 3, Page(s) 155–163

Abstract: Targeted cancer therapies involve chemotherapeutic agents that attack, directly or indirectly, a specific genetic biomarker found in a given cancer. Targeted oncology includes monoclonal antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, ... ...

Abstract	Targeted cancer therapies involve chemotherapeutic agents that attack, directly or indirectly, a specific genetic biomarker found in a given cancer. Targeted oncology includes monoclonal antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and immunotherapy. For example, the monoclonal antibodies trastuzumab and pertuzumab target human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and are used when treating HER2-positive breast cancer. Although targeted oncology has improved survival by years for some incurable cancers such as metastatic breast and lung cancer, as few as 8% of patients with advanced cancer qualify for targeted oncology medications, and even fewer benefit. Other limitations include serious adverse events, illustrated by a 20% to 30% rate of heart attack, stroke, or peripheral vascular events among patients taking ponatinib, which is used in treating chronic myelogenous leukemia. Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy-related adverse effects such as hypothyroidism are common, and more severe adverse events such as colitis and pneumonitis can be fatal and require immediate intervention. Drug interactions with widely prescribed medications such as antacids and warfarin are common. Additionally, financial toxicities are a problem for patients with cancer who are using costly targeted therapies. Future directions for targeted oncology include tumor-agnostic drugs, which target a given mutation and could be used in treating cancers from multiple organ types. An overview of indications, mechanism of action, and toxicities of targeted cancer therapies is offered here.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Curriculum ; Education, Medical, Continuing/organization & administration ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/therapy ; United States
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antineoplastic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412694-4
ISSN	1532-0650 ; 0002-838X ; 0572-3612
ISSN (online)	1532-0650
ISSN	0002-838X ; 0572-3612
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Article ; Online: Feasibility of antenatal ambulatory fetal electrocardiography: a systematic review.

Liu, Becky / Ridder, Anna / Smith, Vinayak / Thilaganathan, Basky / Bhide, Amar

The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians

2023 Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) 2204390

Abstract: Background: Antenatal fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring is currently limited by hospital-based accessibility as well as the availability of relevant equipment and expertise required to position device electrodes. Ambulatory FHR monitoring in the form of ...

Abstract	Background: Antenatal fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring is currently limited by hospital-based accessibility as well as the availability of relevant equipment and expertise required to position device electrodes. Ambulatory FHR monitoring in the form of noninvasive fetal electrocardiography (NIFECG) is currently an area of research interest, particularly during the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the potential to improve maternity care and reduce hospital attendances need to be evaluated. Objectives: To assess the feasibility, acceptability, and signal success of ambulatory NIFECG monitoring and identify research areas required to facilitate clinical utilization of this method of monitoring. Methods: Medline, EMBASE, and PubMed databases were searched from January 2005 to April 2021 using terms relevant to antenatal ambulatory or home NIFECG. The search was compliant with PRISMA guidelines, and was registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42020195809). All studies reporting the clinical utilization of NIFECG inclusive of its use in the ambulatory setting performed in the antenatal period, human studies, and those in the English language were included. Those reporting novel technological methods and electrophysiological algorithms, satisfaction surveys, intrapartum studies, case reports and reviews, and animal studies were excluded. Study screening and data extraction were conducted in duplicate. Risk of bias was appraised using the Modified Downs and Black tool. Due to the heterogeneity of the reported findings, a meta-analysis was not feasible. Results: The search identified 193 citations, where 11 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion. All studies used a single NIFECG system with a duration of monitoring ranging from 5.6 to 21.4 h. Predefined signal acceptance threshold ranged from 34.0-80.0%. Signal success in the study populations was 48.6-95.0% and was not affected by maternal BMI. Good signals were achieved in the 2nd trimester, but less so in the early 3rd trimester. NIFECG was a well-accepted method of FHR monitoring, with up to 90.0% of women's satisfaction levels when worn during outpatient induction of labor. Placement of the acquisition device needed input from healthcare staff in every report. Conclusions: Although there is evidence for the clinical feasibility of ambulatory NIFECG, the disparity in the literature limits the ability to draw firm conclusions. Further studies to establish repeatability and device validity, whilst developing standardized FHR parameters and set evidence-based standards for signal success for NIFECG are required to ascertain the clinical benefit and potential limitations of ambulatory outpatient FHR monitoring.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Feasibility Studies ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; Maternal Health Services ; Electrocardiography
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2077261-0
ISSN	1476-4954 ; 1057-0802 ; 1476-7058
ISSN (online)	1476-4954
ISSN	1057-0802 ; 1476-7058
DOI	10.1080/14767058.2023.2204390
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Article ; Online: Clarifying the unmet clinical need during medical device innovation in women's health - A narrative review.

Warty, Ritesh Rikain / Smith, Vinayak / Patabendige, Malitha / Fox, Deborah / Mol, Ben

Health care for women international

2023 , Page(s) 1–29

Abstract: Medical technologies are pervasive across women's health, spanning across obstetric and gynecological care. FemTech, the sector responsible for developing these technologies, is growing at 15.6% per annum. However, there are concerns of disconnects ... ...

Abstract	Medical technologies are pervasive across women's health, spanning across obstetric and gynecological care. FemTech, the sector responsible for developing these technologies, is growing at 15.6% per annum. However, there are concerns of disconnects between new product development (NPD) and the care afforded to women in consequence of implementing these innovations. The most crucial stage of NPD involves understanding the clinical need. Without a clear need and clinical use case, innovators risk developing solutions which do not address the issues women and caregivers experience. Thus, the product will miss the market and experience limited uptake. Tools for performing clinical needs assessments and defining the use case are being developed. This review provides an analysis of their strengths and weaknesses to inform FemTech innovators of the available resources. We further discuss concepts for creating a unified approach to assessing unmet needs such that technologies have a higher chance of improving women's healthcare.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	632677-8
ISSN	1096-4665 ; 0739-9332
ISSN (online)	1096-4665
ISSN	0739-9332
DOI	10.1080/07399332.2023.2190983
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Article: An Unexpected Case of Intrapartum Pneumomediastinum.

Madhok, Drishti / Smith, Vinayak / Gunderson, Erik

Case reports in obstetrics and gynecology

2019 Volume 2019, Page(s) 4093768

Abstract: The dyad of spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema is collectively known as Hamman's syndrome. This rare complication is known to occur during the intrapartum period and its aetiology has been linked to the Valsalva maneuver in the ... ...

Abstract	The dyad of spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema is collectively known as Hamman's syndrome. This rare complication is known to occur during the intrapartum period and its aetiology has been linked to the Valsalva maneuver in the second stage of labour. Nitrous oxide inhalation increases the risk. We present the case of a 21-year-old healthy woman who experienced these symptoms after nitrous oxide inhalation during the second stage of labour.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2627654-9
ISSN	2090-6692 ; 2090-6684
ISSN (online)	2090-6692
ISSN	2090-6684
DOI	10.1155/2019/4093768
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Article ; Online: Non-Traditional and Non-Invasive Approaches in Facial Rejuvenation

Abigail M. Smith / Taylor Ferris / Vinayak K. Nahar / Manoj Sharma

Cosmetics, Vol 7, Iss 1, p

A Brief Review

2020 Volume 10

Abstract: While injectables, lasers, and surgical interventions have traditionally been used to reverse the changes associated with facial aging, other alternative therapies such as facial acupuncture and facial exercises are now being studied for facial ... ...

Abstract	While injectables, lasers, and surgical interventions have traditionally been used to reverse the changes associated with facial aging, other alternative therapies such as facial acupuncture and facial exercises are now being studied for facial rejuvenation. In this paper, we both summarize the concepts of facial acupuncture and facial exercises, and review seven studies that evaluate the efficacy of these modalities. Data from these studies suggest that both facial acupuncture and facial exercises have the potential to improve the skin laxity, wrinkle length, muscle thickness, and pigmentary changes associated with aging. Patients frequently reported improvement and experienced very few side effects. However, further research is necessary before these modalities are widely accepted as effective by the medical community, though the results of these studies may ultimately make providers less hesitant when patients seek out these services.
Keywords	photoaging ; facial rejuvenation ; facial acupuncture ; facial exercises ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Genetic and Biochemical Reconstitution of Bromoform Biosynthesis in

Thapa, Hem R / Lin, Zhenjian / Yi, Dongqi / Smith, Jennifer E / Schmidt, Eric W / Agarwal, Vinayak

ACS chemical biology

2020 Volume 15, Issue 6, Page(s) 1662–1670

Abstract: Marine macroalgae, seaweeds, are exceptionally prolific producers of halogenated natural products. Biosynthesis of halogenated molecules in seaweeds is inextricably linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling as hydrogen peroxide serves as a ... ...

Abstract	Marine macroalgae, seaweeds, are exceptionally prolific producers of halogenated natural products. Biosynthesis of halogenated molecules in seaweeds is inextricably linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling as hydrogen peroxide serves as a substrate for haloperoxidase enzymes that participate in the construction these halogenated molecules. Here, using red macroalga
MeSH term(s)	Fatty Acids/biosynthesis ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Genome, Plant ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Seaweed/enzymology ; Seaweed/genetics ; Seaweed/metabolism ; Trihalomethanes/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Trihalomethanes ; bromoform (TUT9J99IMU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1554-8937
ISSN (online)	1554-8937
DOI	10.1021/acschembio.0c00299
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Article ; Online: Direct drug delivery in the treatment of steno-occlusive disease of the infra-inguinal arteries.

Subramanian, Vinayak / Smith, Ivy / Adams, George

The Journal of cardiovascular surgery

2018 Volume 59, Issue 4, Page(s) 526–528

Abstract: Peripheral Artery disease (PAD) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality, affecting over 200 million people world-wide. Many exciting technologies have emerged to address the unique challenges endovascular specialists face when treating lesions ... ...

Abstract	Peripheral Artery disease (PAD) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality, affecting over 200 million people world-wide. Many exciting technologies have emerged to address the unique challenges endovascular specialists face when treating lesions in this vascular bed. One of the enduring challenges has been restenosis after initial intervention. Here we highlight a new technology, Direct drug delivery, to address this challenge and exciting prospects. Direct drug delivery constitutes delivering drug directly to the vessel wall through a needle with a micro-infusion catheter. This device has the potential to expand the types of therapies that can be delivered in a targeted fashion and allow endovascular specialists to individualize treatment for patients.
MeSH term(s)	Arterial Occlusive Diseases/drug therapy ; Biological Factors/administration & dosage ; Biological Therapy/methods ; Drug Delivery Systems/methods ; Femoral Artery ; Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Biological Factors ; Glucocorticoids
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80143-4
ISSN	1827-191X ; 0021-9509
ISSN (online)	1827-191X
ISSN	0021-9509
DOI	10.23736/S0021-9509.18.10578-7
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Article ; Online: OCELOT: An infrastructure for data-driven research to discover and design crystalline organic semiconductors.

Ai, Qianxiang / Bhat, Vinayak / Ryno, Sean M / Jarolimek, Karol / Sornberger, Parker / Smith, Andrew / Haley, Michael M / Anthony, John E / Risko, Chad

The Journal of chemical physics

2021 Volume 154, Issue 17, Page(s) 174705

Abstract: Materials design and discovery are often hampered by the slow pace and materials and human costs associated with Edisonian trial-and-error screening approaches. Recent advances in computational power, theoretical methods, and data science techniques, ... ...

Abstract	Materials design and discovery are often hampered by the slow pace and materials and human costs associated with Edisonian trial-and-error screening approaches. Recent advances in computational power, theoretical methods, and data science techniques, however, are being manifest in a convergence of these tools to enable in silico materials discovery. Here, we present the development and deployment of computational materials data and data analytic approaches for crystalline organic semiconductors. The OCELOT (Organic Crystals in Electronic and Light-Oriented Technologies) infrastructure, consisting of a Python-based OCELOT application programming interface and OCELOT database, is designed to enable rapid materials exploration. The database contains a descriptor-based schema for high-throughput calculations that have been implemented on more than 56 000 experimental crystal structures derived from 47 000 distinct molecular structures. OCELOT is open-access and accessible via a web-user interface at https://oscar.as.uky.edu.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3113-6
ISSN	1089-7690 ; 0021-9606
ISSN (online)	1089-7690
ISSN	0021-9606
DOI	10.1063/5.0048714
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Article ; Online: Re-Dosing del Nido cardioplegia in adult cardiac surgery: Perfusion characteristics and outcomes--Is there an optimal redosing strategy?

Kossar, Alexander P / Nemeth, Samantha / Kosuri, Yaagnik D / Kazzi, Brigitte E / Honzel, Emily / D'Angelo, Alex / Spellman, Jessica / Takeda, Koji / Takayama, Hiroo / Bapat, Vinayak / Argenziano, Michael / Beck, James / Smith, Craig R / Kurlansky, Paul / George, Isaac

Perfusion

2023 , Page(s) 2676591231197524

Abstract: Objectives: del Nido cardioplegia is utilized for myocardial protection in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery; however, no standardized re-dosing protocol exists. We describe perfusion characteristics and clinical outcomes in adult cardiac ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: del Nido cardioplegia is utilized for myocardial protection in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery; however, no standardized re-dosing protocol exists. We describe perfusion characteristics and clinical outcomes in adult cardiac surgery patients who were re-dosed with del Nido cardioplegia. Methods: Chart review was performed for adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery (specific inclusion/exclusion criteria below) who received exactly two doses of del Nido cardioplegia from 2012 to 2019; Results: MVLR demonstrated that increased total cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time was associated with a positive composite outcome ( Conclusions: In this retrospective study, variations in re-dosing strategy for del Nido cardioplegia do not affect postoperative outcomes and increased CPB time is associated with increased operative mortality, myocardial infarction, need for post-operative CSDs, and reduced postoperative EF, and increased VIS, irrespective of the re-dosing strategy. Further studies are warranted to to identify additional patient and operative characteristics that predispose to complications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	645038-6
ISSN	1477-111X ; 0267-6591
ISSN (online)	1477-111X
ISSN	0267-6591
DOI	10.1177/02676591231197524
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Article ; Online: Virtual reality and its use in post-operative pain following laparoscopy

Olivia Payne / Vinayak Smith / Daniel L. Rolnik / Miranda Davies-Tuck / Ritesh Warty / Densearn Seo / Lima Wetherell / Hamsaveni Kalina Murday / Amrish Nair / Rashvinder Kaur / Beverley Vollenhoven

Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a feasibility study

2022 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Pain following laparoscopic surgery remains a neglected healthcare issue. Virtual reality-mediated therapy’s (VRT) analgesic potential could address this. However, its effect in this setting remains unexplored. We aimed to establish the ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Pain following laparoscopic surgery remains a neglected healthcare issue. Virtual reality-mediated therapy’s (VRT) analgesic potential could address this. However, its effect in this setting remains unexplored. We aimed to establish the feasibility and safety of VRT as an adjunct analgesic following gynaecological laparoscopy and explore differences between active distraction and passive meditation content. 35 women were enrolled into an open crossover pilot and randomised to either intervention group 1 (active then passive content) or intervention group 2 (passive then active content) following surgery. VRT was administered in two 10-min segments with a 10-min washout period in between. Pain scores, opioid requirements and side effects were recorded before and after each segment whilst questionnaires evaluated acceptability. We observed a significant reduction in pain over time for the entire study population (F = 8.63, p < 0.0005) but no differences between intervention groups, in contrast to many studies demonstrating an increase in pain during this time. During segment one, intervention group 1 (n = 18) were administered significantly less opioid than intervention group 2 (n = 17) [0.0 (0.0–7.5) vs. 3.0(0.0–10.0), p = 0.04]. Intervention group 1 rated the VRT experience significantly higher than intervention group 2 (7.97 vs. 6.62. p = 0.017). 97.1% (n = 34) would recommend VRT to a friend and use it as the standard-of-care in future procedures. These results demonstrate that post-operative VRT is feasible and safe. However, adequately powered studies are needed to appropriately determine its efficacy.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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