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Article ; Online: Private sector initiatives to tackle the burden of COVID-19: experiences from the Nigerian frontline.

Otu, Akaninyene / Effa, Emmanuel / Umoh, Victor / Maxwell, Nicholas / Ekpenyong, Andrew

2021 Volume 38, Page(s) 233

Abstract: ... which include the development of rapid diagnostic kits, deployment of e-health platforms for bespoke ...

Abstract	Across Africa, there is some evidence of COVID-19 private sector activities to tackle COVID-19 which include the development of rapid diagnostic kits, deployment of e-health platforms for bespoke health workforce training, disease surveillance, reporting, auto-screening and advisories. Inequities in living and access to care by disadvantaged populations in the rural areas have been ameliorated by multi-pronged responses such as that mounted by the Joseph Ukpo Hospitals and Research Institute (JUHRI) in Nigeria. The provision, production and donation of personal protective equipment (PPE), the production of hand sanitizers and the engagement of the local community in the process represents an effective strategy to contain COVID-19, protect health workers and provide pathways for economic support for people whose sources of income have been upended during the pandemic. The JUHRI experience underpinned by Catholic medical ethics provides concrete evidence of the value of private sector participation in dealing with public health emergencies.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration ; Hand Sanitizers ; Health Personnel/organization & administration ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Nigeria ; Personal Protective Equipment ; Private Sector ; Public Health ; Rural Population
Chemical Substances	Hand Sanitizers
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-04
Publishing country	Uganda
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2514347-5
ISSN	1937-8688 ; 1937-8688
ISSN (online)	1937-8688
ISSN	1937-8688
DOI	10.11604/pamj.2021.38.233.24634
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Development of In Vitro Assays for Advancing Radioimmunotherapy against Brain Tumors.

Walter, Yohan / Hubbard, Anne / Benoit, Allie / Jank, Erika / Salas, Olivia / Jordan, Destiny / Ekpenyong, Andrew

Biomedicines

2022 Volume 10, Issue 8

Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor. Due to high resistance to treatment, local invasion, and a high risk of recurrence, GBM patient prognoses are often dismal, with median survival around 15 months. The current standard of care is ... ...

Abstract	Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor. Due to high resistance to treatment, local invasion, and a high risk of recurrence, GBM patient prognoses are often dismal, with median survival around 15 months. The current standard of care is threefold: surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). However, patient survival has only marginally improved. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a fourth modality under clinical trials and aims at combining immunotherapeutic agents with radiotherapy. Here, we develop in vitro assays for the rapid evaluation of RIT strategies. Using a standard cell irradiator and an Electric Cell Impedance Sensor, we quantify cell migration following the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy with TMZ and RIT with durvalumab, a PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor. We measure cell survival using a cloud-based clonogenic assay. Irradiated T98G and U87 GBM cells migrate significantly (p < 0.05) more than untreated cells in the first 20−40 h post-treatment. Addition of TMZ increases migration rates for T98G at 20 Gy (p < 0.01). Neither TMZ nor durvalumab significantly change cell survival in 21 days post-treatment. Interestingly, durvalumab abolishes the enhanced migration effect, indicating possible potency against local invasion. These results provide parameters for the rapid supplementary evaluation of RIT against brain tumors.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2720867-9
ISSN	2227-9059
ISSN	2227-9059
DOI	10.3390/biomedicines10081796
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Article: Strain improvement, artificial intelligence optimization, and sensitivity analysis of asparaginase-mediated acrylamide reduction in sweet potato chips.

Akwagiobe, Ernest / Ekpenyong, Maurice / Asitok, Atim / Amenaghawon, Andrew / Ubi, David / Ikharia, Eloghosa / Kusuma, Heri / Antai, Sylvester

Journal of food science and technology

2023 Volume 60, Issue 9, Page(s) 2358–2369

Abstract: In recent times, L-asparaginase has emerged as a potential anti-carcinogen through hydrolysis of L-asparagine in the blood for anti-leukemic application, and in carbohydrate-based foods, for acrylamide reduction applications. In this study, : ... ...

Abstract	In recent times, L-asparaginase has emerged as a potential anti-carcinogen through hydrolysis of L-asparagine in the blood for anti-leukemic application, and in carbohydrate-based foods, for acrylamide reduction applications. In this study, Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-023-05757-5.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-03
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	242498-8
ISSN	0975-8402 ; 0022-1155
ISSN (online)	0975-8402
ISSN	0022-1155
DOI	10.1007/s13197-023-05757-5
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Article ; Online: Private sector initiatives to tackle the burden of COVID-19

Akaninyene Otu / Emmanuel Effa / Victor Umoh / Nicholas Maxwell / Andrew Ekpenyong

The Pan African Medical Journal, Vol 38, Iss

experiences from the Nigerian frontline

2021 Volume 233

Abstract: ... which include the development of rapid diagnostic kits, deployment of e-health platforms for bespoke ...

Abstract	Across Africa, there is some evidence of COVID-19 private sector activities to tackle COVID-19 which include the development of rapid diagnostic kits, deployment of e-health platforms for bespoke health workforce training, disease surveillance, reporting, auto-screening and advisories. Inequities in living and access to care by disadvantaged populations in the rural areas have been ameliorated by multi-pronged responses such as that mounted by the Joseph Ukpo Hospitals and Research Institute (JUHRI) in Nigeria. The provision, production and donationof personal protective equipment (PPE), the production of hand sanitizers and the engagement of the local community in the process represents an effective strategy to contain COVID-19, protect health workers and provide pathways for economic support for people whose sources of income have been upended during the pandemic.The JUHRI experience underpinned by Catholic medical ethics provides concrete evidence of the value of private sector participation in dealing with public health emergencies.
Keywords	covid-19 ; private sector ; nigeria ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The Pan African Medical Journal
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Mechanotransduction in neutrophil activation and deactivation.

Ekpenyong, Andrew E / Toepfner, Nicole / Chilvers, Edwin R / Guck, Jochen

Biochimica et biophysica acta

2015 Volume 1853, Issue 11 Pt B, Page(s) 3105–3116

Abstract: Mechanotransduction refers to the processes through which cells sense mechanical stimuli by converting them to biochemical signals and, thus, eliciting specific cellular responses. Cells sense mechanical stimuli from their 3D environment, including the ... ...

Abstract	Mechanotransduction refers to the processes through which cells sense mechanical stimuli by converting them to biochemical signals and, thus, eliciting specific cellular responses. Cells sense mechanical stimuli from their 3D environment, including the extracellular matrix, neighboring cells and other mechanical forces. Incidentally, the emerging concept of mechanical homeostasis,long term or chronic regulation of mechanical properties, seems to apply to neutrophils in a peculiar manner, owing to neutrophils' ability to dynamically switch between the activated/primed and deactivated/deprimed states. While neutrophil activation has been known for over a century, its deactivation is a relatively recent discovery. Even more intriguing is the reversibility of neutrophil activation and deactivation. We review and critically evaluate recent findings that suggest physiological roles for neutrophil activation and deactivation and discuss possible mechanisms by which mechanical stimuli can drive the oscillation of neutrophils between the activated and resting states. We highlight several molecules that have been identified in neutrophil mechanotransduction, including cell adhesion and transmembrane receptors, cytoskeletal and ion channel molecules. The physiological and pathophysiological implications of such mechanically induced signal transduction in neutrophils are highlighted as a basis for future work. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mechanobiology.
MeSH term(s)	Cell Adhesion/physiology ; Cytoskeleton/metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Humans ; Ion Channels/metabolism ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular/physiology ; Neutrophil Activation/physiology ; Neutrophils/cytology ; Neutrophils/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Ion Channels
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	60-7
ISSN	1879-2596 ; 1879-260X ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2618 ; 1879-2650 ; 0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
ISSN (online)	1879-2596 ; 1879-260X ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2618 ; 1879-2650
ISSN	0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
DOI	10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.07.015
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Article ; Online: Mechanical deformation induces depolarization of neutrophils.

Ekpenyong, Andrew E / Toepfner, Nicole / Fiddler, Christine / Herbig, Maik / Li, Wenhong / Cojoc, Gheorghe / Summers, Charlotte / Guck, Jochen / Chilvers, Edwin R

Science advances

2017 Volume 3, Issue 6, Page(s) e1602536

Abstract: The transition of neutrophils from a resting state to a primed state is an essential requirement for their function as competent immune cells. This transition can be caused not only by chemical signals but also by mechanical perturbation. After cessation ...

Abstract	The transition of neutrophils from a resting state to a primed state is an essential requirement for their function as competent immune cells. This transition can be caused not only by chemical signals but also by mechanical perturbation. After cessation of either, these cells gradually revert to a quiescent state over 40 to 120 min. We use two biophysical tools, an optical stretcher and a novel microcirculation mimetic, to effect physiologically relevant mechanical deformations of single nonadherent human neutrophils. We establish quantitative morphological analysis and mechanical phenotyping as label-free markers of neutrophil priming. We show that continued mechanical deformation of primed cells can cause active depolarization, which occurs two orders of magnitude faster than by spontaneous depriming. This work provides a cellular-level mechanism that potentially explains recent clinical studies demonstrating the potential importance, and physiological role, of neutrophil depriming in vivo and the pathophysiological implications when this deactivation is impaired, especially in disorders such as acute lung injury.
MeSH term(s)	Cell Shape ; Humans ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Neutrophil Activation/immunology ; Neutrophil Infiltration ; Neutrophils/cytology ; Neutrophils/drug effects ; Neutrophils/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2810933-8
ISSN	2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
ISSN (online)	2375-2548
ISSN	2375-2548
DOI	10.1126/sciadv.1602536
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Article: The Value of Mobile Ultrasound Services in Rural Communities in South-South Nigeria.

Ikpeme, Anthonia / Ani, Nchiewe / Ago, Boniface / Effa, Emmanuel / Kosoko-Lasaki, Omofolasade / Ekpenyong, Andrew

Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences

2017 Volume 5, Issue 7, Page(s) 1011–1015

Abstract: Aim: This paper examines the activities of mobile services units including ultrasound services in rural and urban communities in the Calabar region of South-South, Nigeria.: Materials and methods: Consenting individuals were invited and attended five ...

Abstract	Aim: This paper examines the activities of mobile services units including ultrasound services in rural and urban communities in the Calabar region of South-South, Nigeria. Materials and methods: Consenting individuals were invited and attended five medical outreach activities in rural and urban areas of the Calabar region between January and June 2016. Abdomino-pelvic scans were done. Subsequently the results were analyzed. Results: Five hundred and seventy-four (574) individuals had Abdomino-pelvic scans done, using a curvilinear probe to assess the abdomino-pelvic organs. The female to male ratio was 1.46:1. The age ranged from 1-78 years with a mean of 40.63 (standard deviation of 17.5). The commonest sonographic finding was uterine fibroids, 21 (8.1%). Fifty-four percent of the scans were normal. The commonest sonographic finding in men was prostatic enlargement. Conclusion: Medical outreach activities provided by mobile units provide much needed ultrasound services in poor resource settings in Nigeria. Significant clinical pathologies were identified at fairly high rates.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-10-26
Publishing country	North Macedonia
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1857-9655
ISSN	1857-9655
DOI	10.3889/oamjms.2017.191
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Article ; Online: Chemotherapy impedes in vitro microcirculation and promotes migration of leukemic cells with impact on metastasis.

Prathivadhi-Bhayankaram, Sruti V / Ning, Jianhao / Mimlitz, Michael / Taylor, Carolyn / Gross, Erin / Nichols, Michael / Guck, Jochen / Ekpenyong, Andrew E

Biochemical and biophysical research communications

2016 Volume 479, Issue 4, Page(s) 841–846

Abstract: Although most cancer drugs target the proliferation of cancer cells, it is metastasis, the complex process by which cancer cells spread from the primary tumor to other tissues and organs of the body where they form new tumors, that leads to over 90% of ... ...

Abstract	Although most cancer drugs target the proliferation of cancer cells, it is metastasis, the complex process by which cancer cells spread from the primary tumor to other tissues and organs of the body where they form new tumors, that leads to over 90% of all cancer deaths. Thus, there is an urgent need for anti-metastasis therapy. Surprisingly, emerging evidence suggests that certain anti-cancer drugs such as paclitaxel and doxorubicin can actually promote metastasis, but the mechanism(s) behind their pro-metastatic effects are still unclear. Here, we use a microfluidic microcirculation mimetic (MMM) platform which mimics the capillary constrictions of the pulmonary and peripheral microcirculation, to determine if in-vivo-like mechanical stimuli can evoke different responses from cells subjected to various cancer drugs. In particular, we show that leukemic cancer cells treated with doxorubicin and daunorubicin, commonly used anti-cancer drugs, have over 100% longer transit times through the device, compared to untreated leukemic cells. Such delays in the microcirculation are known to promote extravasation of cells, a key step in the metastatic cascade. Furthermore, we report a significant (p < 0.01) increase in the chemotactic migration of the doxorubicin treated leukemic cells. Both enhanced retention in the microcirculation and enhanced migration following chemotherapy, are pro-metastatic effects which can serve as new targets for anti-metastatic drugs.
MeSH term(s)	Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biomimetic Materials ; Cell Death/drug effects ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Cell Movement/physiology ; Daunorubicin/adverse effects ; Doxorubicin/adverse effects ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/physiopathology ; Microcirculation/drug effects ; Neoplasm Metastasis
Chemical Substances	Antineoplastic Agents ; Doxorubicin (80168379AG) ; Daunorubicin (ZS7284E0ZP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	205723-2
ISSN	1090-2104 ; 0006-291X ; 0006-291X
ISSN (online)	1090-2104 ; 0006-291X
ISSN	0006-291X
DOI	10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.121
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Article ; Online: A Technique for the Retrospective and Predictive Analysis of Cognitive Errors for the Oil and Gas Industry (TRACEr-OGI)

Stephen C. Theophilus / Ikpang E. Ekpenyong / Augustine O. Ifelebuegu / Andrew O. Arewa / George Agyekum-Mensah / Tochukwu O. Ajare

Safety, Vol 3, Iss 4, p

2017 Volume 23

Abstract: Human error remains a major cause of several accidents in the oil and gas (O&G) industry. While human error has been analysed in several industries and has been at the centre of many debates and commentaries, a detailed, systematic and comprehensive ... ...

Abstract	Human error remains a major cause of several accidents in the oil and gas (O&G) industry. While human error has been analysed in several industries and has been at the centre of many debates and commentaries, a detailed, systematic and comprehensive analysis of human error in the O&G industry has not yet been conducted. Hence, this report aims to use the Technique for Retrospective and Predictive Analysis of Cognitive Errors (TRACEr) to analyse historical accidents in the O&G industry. The study has reviewed 163 major and/or fatal O&G industry accidents that occurred between 2000 and 2014. The results obtained have shown that the predominant context for errors was internal communication, mostly influenced by factors of perception. Major accident events were crane accidents and falling objects, relating to the most dominant accident type: ‘Struck by’. The main actors in these events were drillers and operators. Generally, TRACEr proved very useful in identifying major task errors. However, the taxonomy was less useful in identifying both equipment errors and errors due to failures in safety critical control barriers and recovery measures. Therefore, a modified version of the tool named Technique for the Retrospective and Predictive Analysis of Cognitive Errors for the Oil and Gas Industry (TRACEr-OGI) was proposed and used. This modified analytical tool was consequently found to be more effective for accident analysis in the O&G industry.
Keywords	TRACEr ; human error ; task error ; accident investigation ; offshore oil and gas ; Industrial safety. Industrial accident prevention ; T55-55.3 ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	380
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Bacterial infection of macrophages induces decrease in refractive index.

Ekpenyong, Andrew E / Man, Si Ming / Achouri, Sarra / Bryant, Clare E / Guck, Jochen / Chalut, Kevin J

Journal of biophotonics

2012 Volume 6, Issue 5, Page(s) 393–397

Abstract: Infection of cells by pathogens leads to both biochemical and structural modifications of the host cell. To study the structural modifications in a label-free manner, we use digital holographic microscopy, DHM, to obtain the integral refractive index ... ...

Abstract	Infection of cells by pathogens leads to both biochemical and structural modifications of the host cell. To study the structural modifications in a label-free manner, we use digital holographic microscopy, DHM, to obtain the integral refractive index distribution of cells. Primary murine bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, undergo highly significant reduction in refractive index, RI, compared to uninfected cells. Infected BMDM cells from genetically modified mice lacking an inflammatory protein that causes cell death, caspase 1, also exhibit similar decrease in RI. These data suggest that any reduction in RI of Salmonella-infected BMDMs is pathogen induced and independent of caspase 1-induced inflammation or cell death. This finding suggests DHM may be useful for general real time monitoring of host cell interactions with infectious pathogens.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells/cytology ; Caspase 1/metabolism ; Macrophages/enzymology ; Macrophages/microbiology ; Mice ; Optical Phenomena ; Salmonella typhimurium/physiology
Chemical Substances	Caspase 1 (EC 3.4.22.36)
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-08-06
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2390063-5
ISSN	1864-0648 ; 1864-063X
ISSN (online)	1864-0648
ISSN	1864-063X
DOI	10.1002/jbio.201200113
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