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  1. Article ; Online: The emotional side of taking part in a cancer clinical trial.

    Chichua, Mariam / Filipponi, Chiara / Mazzoni, Davide / Pravettoni, Gabriella

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) e0284268

    Abstract: ... 2557, M = .68) and negative (N = 2154, M = .57) sentiments were high. The most prevalent basic emotions ... were: fear (N = 1702, M = .45), sadness (N = 1494, M = .40), trust (N = 1470, M = .44), and ... anticipation (N = 1376, M = .37). The prevalence of complex/dyadic emotions and their interpretation is further ...

    Abstract Background: Taking part in a cancer clinical trial often represents a source of psychological distress and emotional activation among patients and their caregivers. Nowadays, social media platforms provide a space for these groups to freely express and share their emotional experiences.
    Aims: We aimed to reveal the most prevalent basic and complex emotions and sentiments in the posts of the patients and caregivers contemplating clinical trials on Reddit. Additionally, we aimed to categorize the types of users and posts.
    Methods: With the use of keywords referring to clinical trials, we searched for public posts on the subreddit 'cancer'. R studio v. 4.1.2 (2021-11-01) and NRC Emotion Lexicon was used for analysis. Following the theoretical framework of Plutchik's wheel of emotions, the analysis included: 8 basic emotions (anger, fear, anticipation, trust, surprise, sadness, joy, and disgust) and 4 types of complex emotions (primary, secondary, tertiary, and opposite dyads). We utilized the package 'PyPlutchik' to visualize the emotion wheels in Python 3.10.5.
    Results: A total of 241 posts were included in the final database. User types (129 patients, 112 caregivers) and post types (142 expressed shared experience, 77 expressed advice, and 85 conveyed both) were identified. Both positive (N = 2557, M = .68) and negative (N = 2154, M = .57) sentiments were high. The most prevalent basic emotions were: fear (N = 1702, M = .45), sadness (N = 1494, M = .40), trust (N = 1470, M = .44), and anticipation (N = 1376, M = .37). The prevalence of complex/dyadic emotions and their interpretation is further discussed.
    Conclusion: In this contribution, we identified and discussed prevalent emotions such as fear, sadness, optimism, hope, despair, and outrage that mirror the psychological state of users and affect the medical choices they make. The insights gained in our study contribute to the understanding of the barriers and reinforcers to participation in trials and can improve the ability of healthcare professionals to assist patients when confronted with this choice.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Emotions/physiology ; Anger ; Fear ; Disgust ; Sadness ; Neoplasms
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0284268
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Biodiversity: an atlas of European reference genomes.

    Mazzoni, Camila J / Ciofi, Claudio / Waterhouse, Robert M

    Nature

    2023  Volume 619, Issue 7969, Page(s) 252

    MeSH term(s) Biodiversity ; Eukaryota/genetics ; Europe ; Genome ; Genomics/methods ; Genomics/standards ; Animals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/d41586-023-02229-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Cancer Pain Experience Through the Lens of Patients and Caregivers: Mixed Methods Social Media Study.

    Filipponi, Chiara / Chichua, Mariam / Masiero, Marianna / Mazzoni, Davide / Pravettoni, Gabriella

    JMIR cancer

    2023  Volume 9, Page(s) e41594

    Abstract: Background: Cancer pain represents a challenge for cancer patients and their family members. Despite progression in pain management, pain is still underreported and undertreated, and there is limited information on the related needs that patients and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cancer pain represents a challenge for cancer patients and their family members. Despite progression in pain management, pain is still underreported and undertreated, and there is limited information on the related needs that patients and caregivers may have. Online platforms represent a fundamental tool for research to reveal the unmet needs of these users and their emotions outside the medical setting.
    Objective: This study aimed to (1) reveal the unmet needs of both patients and caregivers and (2) detect the emotional activation associated with cancer pain by analyzing the textual patterns of both users.
    Methods: A descriptive and quantitative analysis of qualitative data was performed in RStudio v.2022.02.3 (RStudio Team). We analyzed 679 posts (161 from caregivers and 518 from patients) published over 10 years on the "cancer" subreddit of Reddit to identify unmet needs and emotions related to cancer pain. Hierarchical clustering, and emotion and sentiment analysis were conducted.
    Results: The language used for describing experiences related to cancer pain and expressed needs differed between patients and caregivers. For patients (agglomerative coefficient=0.72), the large cluster labeled unmet needs included the following clusters: (1A) reported experiences, with the subclusters (a) relationship with doctors/spouse and (b) reflections on physical features; and (1B) changes observed over time, with the subclusters (a) regret and (b) progress. For caregivers (agglomerative coefficient=0.80), the main clusters were as follows: (1A) social support and (1B) reported experiences, with the subclusters (a) psychosocial challenges and (b) grief. Moreover, comparison between the 2 groups (entanglement coefficient=0.28) showed that they shared a common cluster labeled uncertainty. Regarding emotion and sentiment analysis, patients expressed a significantly higher negative sentiment than caregivers (z=-2.14; P<.001). On the contrary, caregivers expressed a higher positive sentiment compared with patients (z=-2.26; P<.001), with trust (z=-4.12; P<.001) and joy (z=-2.03; P<.001) being the most prevalent positive emotions.
    Conclusions: Our study emphasized different perceptions of cancer pain in patients and caregivers. We revealed different needs and emotional activations in the 2 groups. Moreover, our study findings highlight the importance of considering caregivers in medical care. Overall, this study increases knowledge about the unmet needs and emotions of patients and caregivers, which may have important clinical implications in pain management.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-03
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2369-1999
    ISSN 2369-1999
    DOI 10.2196/41594
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Blend of natural and natural identical essential oil compounds as a strategy to improve the gut health of weaning pigs.

    Luise, D / Correa, F / Negrini, C / Virdis, S / Mazzoni, M / Dalcanale, S / Trevisi, P

    Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience

    2023  Volume 17, Issue 12, Page(s) 101031

    Abstract: Weaning is one of the most critical phases in pig's life, often leading to postweaning diarrhoea (PWD). Zinc oxide (ZnO), at pharmacological doses, has been largely used to prevent PWD; however, due to antimicrobial co-resistant and environmental ... ...

    Abstract Weaning is one of the most critical phases in pig's life, often leading to postweaning diarrhoea (PWD). Zinc oxide (ZnO), at pharmacological doses, has been largely used to prevent PWD; however, due to antimicrobial co-resistant and environmental pollution issues, the EU banned its use in June 2022. Natural or natural identical components of essential oils and their mixture with organic acids are possible alternatives studied for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two blends of natural or natural identical components of essential oils and organic acids compared to ZnO on health, performance, and gut health of weaned pigs. At weaning (d0), 96 piglets (7 058 ± 895 g) were assigned to one of four treatments balanced for BW and litter: CO (control treatment), ZnO (2 400 mg/kg ZnO from d0 to d14); Blend1 (cinnamaldehyde, ajowan and clove essential oils, 1 500 mg/kg feed); Blend2 (cinnamaldehyde, eugenol and short- and medium-chain fatty acids, 2 000 mg/kg feed). Pigs were weighed weekly until d35. Faeces were collected at d13 and d35 for microbiota (v3-v4 regions of the 16 s rRNA gene) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) count analysis. At d14 and d35, eight pigs/treatment were slaughtered; pH was recorded on intestinal contents and jejunal samples were collected for morphological and gene expression analysis. From d7-d14, the Blend2 had a lower average daily gain (ADG) than CO and ZnO (P < 0.05). ZnO and Blend1 never differed in ADG and feed intake. At d14, ZnO had a lower caecum pH than all other treatments. The CO treatment had a higher abundance of haemolytic E. coli than Blend1 (P = 0.01). At d13, the ZnO treatment had a lower alpha diversity (P < 0.01) and a different microbial beta diversity (P < 0.001) compared to the other treatments. At d13, the ZnO treatment was characterised by a higher abundance of Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group (Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) score = 4.5, P = 0.011), Parabacteroides (LDA score = 4.5, P adj. = 0.005), the CO was characterised by Oscillospiraceae UCG-005 (LDA score = 4.3, P adj. = 0.005), Oscillospiraceae NK4A214_group (LDA score = 4.2, P adj. = 0.02), the Blend2 was characterised by Megasphaera (LDA score = 4.1, P adj. = 0.045), and Ruminococcus (LDA score = 3.9, P adj. = 0.015) and the Blend1 was characterised by Christensenellaceae_R-7_group (LDA score = 4.6, P adj. < 0.001) and Treponema (LDA score = 4.5, P adj. < 0.001). In conclusion, Blend1 allowed to maintain the gut health of postweaning piglets through modulation of the gut microbiome, the reduction of haemolytic E. coli while Blend2 did not help piglets.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Swine ; Diet ; Oils, Volatile/pharmacology ; Escherichia coli ; Zinc Oxide/pharmacology ; Weaning ; Diarrhea/veterinary ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Dietary Supplements/analysis ; Animal Feed/analysis
    Chemical Substances Oils, Volatile ; Zinc Oxide (SOI2LOH54Z) ; cinnamaldehyde (SR60A3XG0F) ; Anti-Infective Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2257920-5
    ISSN 1751-732X ; 1751-7311
    ISSN (online) 1751-732X
    ISSN 1751-7311
    DOI 10.1016/j.animal.2023.101031
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The post-diapause vibrational behavior, motility, and survival of the brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Stål) adults at different temperatures.

    Fouani, Jalal M / Scala, Marica / Zaffaroni-Caorsi, Valentina / Verrastro, Vincenzo / Anfora, Gianfranco / Mazzoni, Valerio

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 1198

    Abstract: ... temperatures: 10 °C (inactivity), 18 °C (breaking of diapause), and 25 °C (peak of mating activity). The aim ... °C. At 25 °C, the signaling latency time before vibrational signaling was 24 h compared to 23 days ... at 18 °C. The short latency time at 25 °C correlated with a higher death rate in early stages ...

    Abstract Substrate-borne vibrational communication is common in pentatomids. Although several works exist on the vibrational communication of Halyomorpha halys, its vibrational behavior post diapause has not been investigated. In this study, we recorded H. halys overwintered adults using laser doppler vibrometers at three temperatures: 10 °C (inactivity), 18 °C (breaking of diapause), and 25 °C (peak of mating activity). The aim was to assess the effect of temperature on the signaling, motility, and survival of H. halys. The insects were sexed into different cages and recorded separately or joined with a cage of the opposite sex. We calculated the total time spent on signaling and walking per replica. The males predominantly emitted male signal 1 (MS1) throughout the four months of recordings. The females exclusively emitted female signal 2 (FS2) when joined with the opposite sex cage the first two months of recordings. Interestingly, they also started FS2 signaling when recorded separately, after two months. No signaling was recorded at 10 °C. At 25 °C, the signaling latency time before vibrational signaling was 24 h compared to 23 days at 18 °C. The short latency time at 25 °C correlated with a higher death rate in early stages of recording. Male walking activity was significantly higher in joined cages at 18 °C and 25 °C, suggesting the increased searching behavior near the opposite sex. Overwintered H. halys could adapt to different conditions whereas low temperatures maintain the diapause which is characterized by no signaling activity. Our results provide a foundation for bioclimatic modeling of climate change effects on H. halys and insights into the use of vibrational playbacks for mass trapping and monitoring as control techniques.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Male ; Temperature ; Heteroptera ; Cold Temperature ; Reproduction ; Diapause
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-50480-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Covalently Linked Porphyrins as One-Dimensional Conductors.

    Vasconcelos, Samuel M / Neme, Natália P / Mazzoni, Mario S C

    The journal of physical chemistry letters

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 44, Page(s) 10788–10792

    Abstract: We apply first-principles calculations to address the problem of the formation and characterization of covalently linked porphyrin-like structures. We show that upon pressure a rehybridization process takes place which leads to one-dimensional compounds ... ...

    Abstract We apply first-principles calculations to address the problem of the formation and characterization of covalently linked porphyrin-like structures. We show that upon pressure a rehybridization process takes place which leads to one-dimensional compounds resembling nanothreads, in which carbon atoms are all 4-fold coordinated. We also show that the resulting nanostructures have metallic character and possess remarkable mechanical properties. Moreover, in the case of porphyrin-metal complexes, we find that the covalently linked structures may be a platform for the stabilization of straight metallic wires.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1948-7185
    ISSN (online) 1948-7185
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03327
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Effect of chronic heat stress on gastrointestinal histology and expression of feed intake-regulatory hormones in broiler chickens.

    Mazzoni, M / Zampiga, M / Clavenzani, P / Lattanzio, G / Tagliavia, C / Sirri, F

    Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience

    2022  Volume 16, Issue 8, Page(s) 100600

    Abstract: ... subjected to chronic HS conditions (30 °C for 24 h/day) from 35 to 41 days (HS group). Samples ...

    Abstract Heat stress (HS) dramatically impairs the growth performance of broiler chickens, mainly as a consequence of reduced feed intake due to the loss of appetite. This study was aimed at evaluating the alterations induced by chronic HS conditions on the morphological and morphometric features of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and on the expression of some enteroendocrine cells (EECs) involved in the regulation of feed intake in chickens. Three hundred male chickens (Ross 308) were divided into two experimental groups and raised either in thermoneutral environment for the whole fattening period (0-41 days) (TNT group) or subjected to chronic HS conditions (30 °C for 24 h/day) from 35 to 41 days (HS group). Samples of proventriculus, duodenum, jejunum and cecum were collected from 24 broilers (12/group). Haematoxylin-eosin was used for the morphometric evaluations, while immunohistochemistry was applied for the evaluation of EECs expressing ghrelin (GHR), cholecystokinin (CCK), neuropeptide Y (NPY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and serotonin (5-HT). In the proventriculus, HS reduced total wall thickness and mucous layer height (P ≤ 0.01) as well as mean diameter, circumference, and area of the compound tubular glands (P ≤ 0.001) with respect to TNT. The small intestine of HS birds was characterised by decreased villous height and total thickness (duodenum, P ≤ 0.01; jejunum, P ≤ 0.001), whereas crypt depth and width were reduced only in the jejunum (P ≤ 0.01). HS had negligible effects on the morphological aspects of the cecum. In the proventriculus, an increase in GHR and NPY EECs was observed in response to HS (P ≤ 0.001). Similarly, the small intestine villi of the HS group showed greater GLP-1 (P ≤ 0.05), 5-HT (P ≤ 0.001) and CCK (P ≤ 0.01) EECs. Moreover, the expression of 5-HT EECs was higher in the duodenal (P ≤ 0.01) and jejunal (P ≤ 0.01) crypts of HS birds, whereas GLP-1 and CCK EECs increased only in jejunal crypts (P ≤ 0.05). Finally, 5-HT EEC expression was increased in the cecum of HS group (P ≤ 0.01). In conclusion, these outcomes demonstrate that chronic HS induces morphometric alterations not only in the small intestine but also in a key organ such as the proventriculus. Furthermore, HS conditions affect the presence and distribution of EECs, suggesting that some GI peptides and biogenic amine may be implicated in the regulation of appetite and voluntary feed intake in heat-stressed broiler chickens.
    MeSH term(s) Animal Feed/analysis ; Animals ; Chickens/physiology ; Cholecystokinin/metabolism ; Eating ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/metabolism ; Heat Stress Disorders/veterinary ; Heat-Shock Response ; Hot Temperature ; Male ; Serotonin/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Serotonin (333DO1RDJY) ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (89750-14-1) ; Cholecystokinin (9011-97-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2257920-5
    ISSN 1751-732X ; 1751-7311
    ISSN (online) 1751-732X
    ISSN 1751-7311
    DOI 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100600
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Effect of chronic heat stress on gastrointestinal histology and expression of feed intake-regulatory hormones in broiler chickens

    Mazzoni, M. / Zampiga, M. / Clavenzani, P. / Lattanzio, G. / Tagliavia, C. / Sirri, F.

    Animal. 2022 June 30,

    2022  

    Abstract: ... subjected to chronic HS conditions (30 °C for 24 h/day) from 35 to 41 days (HS group). Samples ...

    Abstract Heat stress (HS) dramatically impairs the growth performance of broiler chickens, mainly as a consequence of reduced feed intake due to the loss of appetite. This study was aimed at evaluating the alterations induced by chronic HS conditions on the morphological and morphometric features of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and on the expression of some enteroendocrine cells (EECs) involved in the regulation of feed intake in chickens. Three hundred male chickens (Ross 308) were divided into two experimental groups and raised either in thermoneutral environment for the whole fattening period (0–41 days) (TNT group) or subjected to chronic HS conditions (30 °C for 24 h/day) from 35 to 41 days (HS group). Samples of proventriculus, duodenum, jejunum and cecum were collected from 24 broilers (12/group). Haematoxylin-eosin was used for the morphometric evaluations, while immunohistochemistry was applied for the evaluation of EECs expressing ghrelin (GHR), cholecystokinin (CCK), neuropeptide Y (NPY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and serotonin (5-HT). In the proventriculus, HS reduced total wall thickness and mucous layer height (P ≤ 0.01) as well as mean diameter, circumference, and area of the compound tubular glands (P ≤ 0.001) with respect to TNT. The small intestine of HS birds was characterised by decreased villous height and total thickness (duodenum, P ≤ 0.01; jejunum, P ≤ 0.001), whereas crypt depth and width were reduced only in the jejunum (P ≤ 0.01). HS had negligible effects on the morphological aspects of the cecum. In the proventriculus, an increase in GHR and NPY EECs was observed in response to HS (P ≤ 0.001). Similarly, the small intestine villi of the HS group showed greater GLP-1 (P ≤ 0.05), 5-HT (P ≤ 0.001) and CCK (P ≤ 0.01) EECs. Moreover, the expression of 5-HT EECs was higher in the duodenal (P ≤ 0.01) and jejunal (P ≤ 0.01) crypts of HS birds, whereas GLP-1 and CCK EECs increased only in jejunal crypts (P ≤ 0.05). Finally, 5-HT EEC expression was increased in the cecum of HS group (P ≤ 0.01). In conclusion, these outcomes demonstrate that chronic HS induces morphometric alterations not only in the small intestine but also in a key organ such as the proventriculus. Furthermore, HS conditions affect the presence and distribution of EECs, suggesting that some GI peptides and biogenic amine may be implicated in the regulation of appetite and voluntary feed intake in heat-stressed broiler chickens.
    Keywords anorexia ; cecum ; cholecystokinin ; duodenum ; ghrelin ; glucagon-like peptide 1 ; growth performance ; heat stress ; immunohistochemistry ; jejunum ; males ; morphometry ; neuropeptide Y ; proventriculus ; serotonin ; voluntary intake
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0630
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 2257920-5
    ISSN 1751-732X ; 1751-7311
    ISSN (online) 1751-732X
    ISSN 1751-7311
    DOI 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100600
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Learning Landscape in Gamification: The Need for a Methodological Protocol in Research Applications.

    Orsoni, Matteo / Dubé, Adam / Prandi, Catia / Giovagnoli, Sara / Benassi, Mariagrazia / Mazzoni, Elvis / Benvenuti, Martina

    Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

    2023  , Page(s) 17456916231202489

    Abstract: In education, the term "gamification" refers to of the use of game-design elements and gaming experiences in the learning processes to enhance learners' motivation and engagement. Despite researchers' efforts to evaluate the impact of gamification in ... ...

    Abstract In education, the term "gamification" refers to of the use of game-design elements and gaming experiences in the learning processes to enhance learners' motivation and engagement. Despite researchers' efforts to evaluate the impact of gamification in educational settings, several methodological drawbacks are still present. Indeed, the number of studies with high methodological rigor is reduced and, consequently, so are the reliability of results. In this work, we identified the key concepts explaining the methodological issues in the use of gamification in learning and education, and we exploited the controverses identified in the extant literature. Our final goal was to set up a checklist protocol that will facilitate the design of more rigorous studies in the gamified-learning framework. The checklist suggests potential moderators explaining the link between gamification, learning, and education identified by recent reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses: study design, theory foundations, personalization, motivation and engagement, game elements, game design, and learning outcomes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2224911-4
    ISSN 1745-6924 ; 1745-6916
    ISSN (online) 1745-6924
    ISSN 1745-6916
    DOI 10.1177/17456916231202489
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Managing Shiga Toxin-Producing

    Scollo, Annalisa / Fasso, Mattia / Nebbia, Patrizia / Mazzoni, Claudio / Cossettini, Claudia

    Frontiers in veterinary science

    2022  Volume 9, Page(s) 814862

    Abstract: Oedema disease (ED) caused by Shiga-toxin- ... ...

    Abstract Oedema disease (ED) caused by Shiga-toxin-producing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2834243-4
    ISSN 2297-1769
    ISSN 2297-1769
    DOI 10.3389/fvets.2022.814862
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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