LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 127

Search options

Article ; Online: Current advances in microbiome sciences within the US Department of Defense: part 2 - enabling technologies and environmental microbiomes.

Colston, Sophie M / Barbato, R A / Goodson, M S / Karl, J P / Kokoska, R J / Leary, D D / Racicot, K / Varaljay, V / Soares, J W

BMJ military health

2023

Abstract: Microbiomes involve complex microbial communities wherein the micro-organisms interact with one another as well as their associated hosts or environmental niches. Much of the characterisation of these communities and the associations have been achieved ... ...

Abstract	Microbiomes involve complex microbial communities wherein the micro-organisms interact with one another as well as their associated hosts or environmental niches. Much of the characterisation of these communities and the associations have been achieved through 'omics' technologies, such as metagenomics, metaproteomics and metametabolomics, and model systems. Recent research in host-associated microbiomes has been aimed at understanding the role microbes may play in host fitness or conversely how host activities/conditions may perturb the microbial community, which can further affect host health. These studies have led to the investigation of detection, intervention or modulation methods, which may serve to provide benefits to the host and advance our understanding of microbiome associations. With the clear implications on human health and disease, the US Department of Defense (DoD) has made microbiome research a priority, with the founding of the Tri-Service Microbiome Consortium (TSMC) to enhance collaboration, coordination,and communication of microbiome research among DoD organisations and partners in academia and industry. DoD microbiome research focuses mainly on the following themes: (1) human health and performance, (2) environmental microbiomes and (3) enabling technologies. This review provides an update of current DoD microbiome research efforts centred on enabling technologies and environmental microbiomes and highlights innovative research being done in academia and industry that can be leveraged by the DoD. These topics were also communicated and further discussed in the Fifth Annual TSMC Symposium. This paper forms part of the special issue of
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	3011686-7
ISSN	2633-3775 ; 2633-3767
ISSN (online)	2633-3775
ISSN	2633-3767
DOI	10.1136/military-2022-002308
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Un I Zs.541: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Current advances in microbiome sciences within the US Department of Defense-part 1: microbiomes for human health and performance.

Colston, Sophie M / Barbato, R A / Goodson, M S / Karl, J P / Kokoska, R J / Leary, D D / Racicot, K / Varaljay, V / Soares, J W

BMJ military health

2023

Abstract: Microbiomes involve complex microbial communities where the microorganisms interact with one another as well as their associated hosts or environmental niches. The characterisation of these communities and associations have largely been achieved through ' ...

Abstract	Microbiomes involve complex microbial communities where the microorganisms interact with one another as well as their associated hosts or environmental niches. The characterisation of these communities and associations have largely been achieved through 'omics' technologies, such as metagenomics, metaproteomics and metametabolomics, and model systems. Recent research in host-associated microbiomes have been aimed at understanding the roles microbes may play in host fitness or conversely how host activities/conditions may perturb the microbial community, which can further affect host health. These studies have led to the investigation of detection, intervention or modulation methods, which may serve to provide benefits to the host and advance our understanding of microbiome associations. With the clear implications on human health and disease, the US Department of Defense (DoD) has made microbiome research a priority, with the founding of the Tri-Service Microbiome Consortium (TSMC) to enhance collaboration, coordination and communication of microbiome research among DoD organisations and partners in academia and industry. DoD microbiome research focuses mainly on the following themes: (1) Human health and performance; (2) Environmental microbiomes; and (3) Enabling technologies. This review provides an update of current DoD microbiome research efforts centred on human health and performance and highlights innovative research being done in academia and industry that can be leveraged by the DoD. These topics were also communicated and further discussed during the fifth Annual TSMC Symposium. This paper forms part of the special issue of
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	3011686-7
ISSN	2633-3775 ; 2633-3767
ISSN (online)	2633-3775
ISSN	2633-3767
DOI	10.1136/military-2022-002307
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Un I Zs.541: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: "I would do anything but that": Attitudes towards sex work among rural people who use drugs.

Rains, Alex / Sibley, Adams L / Levander, Ximena A / Walters, Suzan M / Nolte, Kerry / Colston, David C / Piscalko, Hannah M / Go, Vivian F / Friedmann, Peter D / Seal, David W

The International journal on drug policy

2023 Volume 122, Page(s) 104237

Abstract: Background: Stigma towards people who use drugs and those who engage in sex work is well-documented, leading to consequences such as reduced access to health services and support, especially in rural milieus. Stigma reduction has been recognized as a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Stigma towards people who use drugs and those who engage in sex work is well-documented, leading to consequences such as reduced access to health services and support, especially in rural milieus. Stigma reduction has been recognized as a priority in the opioid overdose crisis, but little attention has been paid to within-group attitudes and beliefs. This study aimed to explore how people who use drugs in rural counties across the United States appraise sex work by themselves or other community members. Methods: Qualitative interview data came from the Rural Opioid Initiative (ROI), a project coordinated by research teams across 65 rural counties in 10 states. Interviews were individual and conducted from 2018 to 2020. All participants reported past 30-day opioid use and/or any injection drug use. A working group coded the data, then used an iterative inductive-deductive approach to organize data into themes of stigma among people who use drugs, focusing on stigma towards sex work. Results: Across sites, 355 interviews were conducted. Mean participant age was 36, 55 % of participants were male, and 93 % were white. Participants expressed negative attitudes towards sex work as a function of its criminal-legal repercussions or framed sex work as morally transgressive. Many appraisals were gendered, with the behavior conveyed as being "easier" for women who were often described as "whores," with more neutral terms used to describe men. Some viewed sex work as an implicit "exchange" for drugs. Several participants noted a lack of agency as a feature leading to involvement in sex work, with partner power dynamics influencing an individual's behavior. Finally, a few participants acknowledged the circumstances under which they would newly engage in sex work. Conclusion: We identified several patterns by which people who use drugs evaluate community members who sell sex. These included gendered and morally-charged forms of stigma, which may represent barriers to community acceptance and support among this subgroup.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Sex Work ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Attitude ; Social Stigma ; Opioid-Related Disorders/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-20
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2010000-0
ISSN	1873-4758 ; 0955-3959
ISSN (online)	1873-4758
ISSN	0955-3959
DOI	10.1016/j.drugpo.2023.104237
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article ; Online: Meeting report of the sixth annual tri-service microbiome consortium symposium.

Pantoja-Feliciano De Goodfellow, Ida G / Agans, Richard / Barbato, Robyn / Colston, Sophie / Goodson, Michael S / Hammamieh, Rasha / Hentchel, Kristy / Jones, Robert / Karl, J Philip / Kokoska, Robert / Leary, Dagmar H / Mauzy, Camilla / Racicot, Kenneth / Stamps, Blake W / Varaljay, Vanessa / Soares, Jason W

Environmental microbiome

2023 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 66

Abstract: The Tri-Service Microbiome Consortium (TSMC) was founded to enhance collaboration, coordination, and communication of microbiome research among DoD organizations and to facilitate resource, material and information sharing amongst consortium members, ... ...

Abstract	The Tri-Service Microbiome Consortium (TSMC) was founded to enhance collaboration, coordination, and communication of microbiome research among DoD organizations and to facilitate resource, material and information sharing amongst consortium members, which includes collaborators in academia and industry. The 6th Annual TSMC Symposium was a hybrid meeting held in Fairlee, Vermont on 27-28 September 2022 with presentations and discussions centered on microbiome-related topics within seven broad thematic areas: (1) Human Microbiomes: Stress Response; (2) Microbiome Analysis & Surveillance; (3) Human Microbiomes Enablers & Engineering; (4) Human Microbiomes: Countermeasures; (5) Human Microbiomes Discovery - Earth & Space; (6) Environmental Micro & Myco-biome; and (7) Environmental Microbiome Analysis & Engineering. Collectively, the symposium provided an update on the scope of current DoD microbiome research efforts, highlighted innovative research being done in academia and industry that can be leveraged by the DoD, and fostered collaborative opportunities. This report summarizes the activities and outcomes from the 6th annual TSMC symposium.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2524-6372
ISSN (online)	2524-6372
DOI	10.1186/s40793-023-00523-8
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: "I am not a junkie": Social categorization and differentiation among people who use drugs.

Sibley, Adams L / Baker, Robin / Levander, Ximena A / Rains, Alex / Walters, Suzan M / Nolte, Kerry / Colston, David C / Piscalko, Hannah M / Schalkoff, Christine A / Bianchet, Elyse / Chen, Samuel / Dowd, Patrick / Jaeb, Michael / Friedmann, Peter D / Fredericksen, Rob J / Seal, David W / Go, Vivian F

The International journal on drug policy

2023 Volume 114, Page(s) 103999

Abstract: Background: Substance use stigma is a form of group-based exclusion, and delineating pathways from stigma to poor health requires a deeper understanding of the social dynamics of people who use drugs (PWUD). Outside of recovery, scant research has ... ...

Abstract	Background: Substance use stigma is a form of group-based exclusion, and delineating pathways from stigma to poor health requires a deeper understanding of the social dynamics of people who use drugs (PWUD). Outside of recovery, scant research has examined the role of social identity in addiction. Framed by Social Identity Theory/Self-Categorization Theory, this qualitative study investigated strategies of within-group categorization and differentiation among PWUD and the roles these social categories may play in shaping intragroup attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors. Methods: Data come from the Rural Opioid Initiative, a multi-site study of the overdose epidemic in rural United States. We conducted in-depth interviews with people who reported using opioids or injecting any drug (n=355) living in 65 counties across 10 states. Interviews focused on participants' biographical histories, past and current drug use, risk behaviors, and experiences with healthcare providers and law enforcement. Social categories and dimensions along which categories were evaluated were inductively identified using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: We identified seven social categories that were commonly appraised by participants along eight evaluative dimensions. Categories included drug of choice, route of administration, method of attainment, gender, age, genesis of use, and recovery approach. Categories were evaluated by participants based on ascribed characteristics of morality, destructiveness, aversiveness, control, functionality, victimhood, recklessness, and determination. Participants performed nuanced identity work during interviews, including reifying social categories, defining 'addict' prototypicality, reflexively comparing self to other, and disidentifying from the PWUD supra-category. Conclusion: We identify several facets of identity, both behavioral and demographic, along which people who use drugs perceive salient social boundaries. Beyond an addiction-recovery binary, identity is shaped by multiple aspects of the social self in substance use. Patterns of categorization and differentiation revealed negative intragroup attitudes, including stigma, that may hinder solidary-building and collective action in this marginalized group.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Drug Overdose ; Qualitative Research ; Social Stigma
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2010000-0
ISSN	1873-4758 ; 0955-3959
ISSN (online)	1873-4758
ISSN	0955-3959
DOI	10.1016/j.drugpo.2023.103999
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article: Role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin-d 3 -induced breast cancer cell apoptosis.

Brosseau, C / Pirianov, G / Colston, K W

International journal of cell biology

2013 Volume 2013, Page(s) 960378

Abstract: Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is implicated in breast cancer development and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1, 25-D3) has been shown to attenuate prosurvival effects of IGF-I on breast cancer cells. In this study the role of IGF binding protein-3 ( ... ...

Abstract	Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is implicated in breast cancer development and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1, 25-D3) has been shown to attenuate prosurvival effects of IGF-I on breast cancer cells. In this study the role of IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in 1, 25-D3-induced apoptosis was investigated using parental MCF-7 breast cancer cells and MCF-7/VD(R) cells, which are resistant to the growth inhibitory effects of 1, 25-D3. Treatment with 1, 25-D3 increased IGFBP-3 mRNA expression in both cell lines but increases in intracellular IGFBP-3 protein and its secretion were observed only in MCF-7. 1, 25-D3-induced apoptosis was not associated with activation of any caspase but PARP-1 cleavage was detected in parental cells. IGFBP-3 treatment alone produced cleavage of caspases 7, 8, and 9 and PARP-1 in MCF-7 cells. IGFBP-3 failed to activate caspases in MCF-7/VD(R) cells; however PARP-1 cleavage was detected. 1, 25-D3 treatment inhibited IGF-I/Akt survival signalling in MCF-7 but not in MCF-7/VD(R) cells. In contrast, IGFBP-3 treatment was effective in inhibiting IGF-I/Akt pathways in both breast cancer lines. These results suggest a role for IGFBP-3 in 1, 25-D3 apoptotic signalling and that impaired secretion of IGFBP-3 may be involved in acquired resistance to vitamin D in breast cancer.
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-04-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2536742-0
ISSN	1687-8884 ; 1687-8876
ISSN (online)	1687-8884
ISSN	1687-8876
DOI	10.1155/2013/960378
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article ; Online: Implementation of a practical and effective pilot intervention against transmission of Taenia solium by pigs in the Banke district of Nepal.

Poudel, Ishab / Sah, Keshav / Subedi, Suyog / Kumar Singh, Dinesh / Kushwaha, Peetambar / Colston, Angela / Gauci, Charles G / Donadeu, Meritxell / Lightowlers, Marshall W

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

2019 Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) e0006838

Abstract: Taenia solium is a zoonotic cestode parasite which causes human neurocysticercosis. Pigs transmit the parasite by acting as the intermediate host. An intervention was implemented to control transmission of T. solium by pigs in Dalit communities of Banke ... ...

Abstract	Taenia solium is a zoonotic cestode parasite which causes human neurocysticercosis. Pigs transmit the parasite by acting as the intermediate host. An intervention was implemented to control transmission of T. solium by pigs in Dalit communities of Banke District, Nepal. Every 3 months, pigs were vaccinated with the TSOL18 recombinant vaccine (Cysvax, IIL, India)) and, at the same time, given an oral treatment with 30mg/kg oxfendazole (Paranthic 10% MCI, Morocco). The prevalence of porcine cysticercosis was determined in both an intervention area as well as a similar no intervention control area, among randomly selected, slaughter-age pigs. Post mortem assessments were undertaken both at the start and at the end of the intervention. Participants conducting the post mortem assessments were blinded as to the source of the animals being assessed. At the start of the intervention the prevalence of porcine cysticercosis was 23.6% and 34.5% in the control and intervention areas, respectively. Following the intervention, the prevalence of cysticercosis in pigs from the control area was 16.7% (no significant change), whereas no infection was detected after complete slicing of all muscle tissue and brain in animals from the intervention area (P = 0.004). These findings are discussed in relation to the feasibility and sustainability of T. solium control. The 3-monthly vaccination and drug treatment intervention in pigs used here is suggested as an effective and practical method for reducing T. solium transmission by pigs. The results suggest that applying the intervention over a period of years may ultimately reduce the number of tapeworm carriers and thereby the incidence of NCC.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antigens, Helminth ; Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use ; Cysticercosis/prevention & control ; Cysticercosis/therapy ; Cysticercosis/veterinary ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nepal ; Neurocysticercosis/prevention & control ; Neurocysticercosis/transmission ; Pilot Projects ; Prevalence ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/prevention & control ; Swine Diseases/therapy ; Swine Diseases/transmission ; Taenia solium ; Vaccination/veterinary ; Vaccines, Synthetic/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Antigens, Helminth ; Benzimidazoles ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; oxfendazole (OMP2H17F9E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2429704-5
ISSN	1935-2735 ; 1935-2727
ISSN (online)	1935-2735
ISSN	1935-2727
DOI	10.1371/journal.pntd.0006838
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article ; Online: Involvement of stress activated protein kinases (JNK and p38) in 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced breast cell death.

Brosseau, C M / Pirianov, G / Colston, K W

Steroids

2010 Volume 75, Issue 13-14, Page(s) 1082–1088

Abstract: It has been previously demonstrated that 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25-D(3)) exerts inhibitory effects in breast cancer cells. The aim of this study was to determine whether mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are associated with 1,25-D(3) ...

Abstract	It has been previously demonstrated that 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25-D(3)) exerts inhibitory effects in breast cancer cells. The aim of this study was to determine whether mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are associated with 1,25-D(3)-induced cell death in breast cancer. We used three breast cell lines which have different sensitivities to 1,25-D(3) treatment. Non-malignant MCF-12A cells were more sensitive to 1,25-D(3) treatment than malignant MCF-7 cells (growth inhibition IC(50) 75 nM vs. 100 nM, p<0.001) while malignant MDA-MB-231 cells were resistant. Moreover, 1,25-D(3)-induced apoptosis was caspase-dependent in MCF-12A cells and caspase-independent in MCF-7 cells. Following MAPK activation analysis, we found a significant activation of JNK in MCF-12A cells and malignant MCF-7 cells in response to 1,25-D(3) treatment. Furthermore, 1,25-D(3) treatment stimulated p38 activity in MCF-12A cells and in MCF-7 cells. ERK1/2 activity was unaffected by 1,25-D(3) treatment in all breast cells. Importantly, no increased MAPK activity was observed in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells which displayed resistance to 1,25-D(3)-induced apoptosis. Utilising specific pharmacological inhibitors of JNK and p38, it was demonstrated that MCF-12A and MCF-7 cells were protected from death induced by 1,25-D(3). These results implicate JNK and p38 signalling in 1,25-D(3)-induced cancer breast cell death.
MeSH term(s)	Breast Neoplasms/enzymology ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Calcitriol/pharmacology ; Cell Death/drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Humans ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects ; Stress, Physiological/drug effects ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24) ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24) ; Calcitriol (FXC9231JVH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-12-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80312-1
ISSN	1878-5867 ; 0039-128X
ISSN (online)	1878-5867
ISSN	0039-128X
DOI	10.1016/j.steroids.2010.07.007
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 87: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: New concepts in hormone receptor action.

Colston, K W

Lancet (London, England)

1993 Volume 342, Issue 8863, Page(s) 67–68

MeSH term(s)	Binding Sites ; DNA/metabolism ; Humans ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid ; Receptors, Steroid/metabolism ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/metabolism ; Retinoid X Receptors ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors ; Vitamin A/metabolism ; Vitamin D/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Nuclear Proteins ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid ; Receptors, Steroid ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone ; Retinoid X Receptors ; Transcription Factors ; Vitamin A (11103-57-4) ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; DNA (9007-49-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	1993-07-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
DOI	10.1016/0140-6736(93)91281-p
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Ua VI Zs.5: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MG 94: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: Etiology of Acute Febrile Illness in the Peruvian Amazon as determined by modular formatted quantitative PCR: A Protocol for RIVERA, a Health Facility-Based Case-Control Study.

Peñataro Yori, Pablo / Paredes Olórtegui, Maribel / Schiaffino, Francesca / Perez, Karin / Curico Huansi, Greisi / Flynn, Thomas / Zhang, Jixian / Ramal Asayag, Cesar / Meza Sanchez, Graciela / Silva Delgado, Hermann / Casapia Morales, Martin / Casanova, Wilma / Jiu, Bruce / Munayco Escate, Cesar / Silver, Rachel / Henao, Olga / Cooper, Kerry K / Liu, Jie / Houpt, Eric /

Kosek, Margaret N / Colston, Josh M / Oberhelman, Richard / Pinedo Vasquez, Tackeshy / Garcia Bardales, Paul F / Shapiama Lopez, Wagner Valentino / Zegarra Paredes, Loyda Fiorella

Research square

2023

Abstract: Background: The study of the etiology of acute febrile illness (AFI) has historically been designed as a prevalence of pathogens detected from a case series. This strategy has an inherent unrealistic assumption that all pathogen detection allows for ... ...

Abstract	Background: The study of the etiology of acute febrile illness (AFI) has historically been designed as a prevalence of pathogens detected from a case series. This strategy has an inherent unrealistic assumption that all pathogen detection allows for causal attribution, despite known asymptomatic carriage of the principal causes of acute febrile illness in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We designed a semi-quantitative PCR in a modular format to detect bloodborne agents of acute febrile illness that encompassed common etiologies of AFI in the region, etiologies of recent epidemics, etiologies that require an immediate public health response and additional pathogens of unknown endemicity. We then designed a study that would delineate background levels of transmission in the community in the absence of symptoms to provide corrected estimates of attribution for the principal determinants of AFI. Methods: A case-control study of acute febrile illness in patients ten years or older seeking health care in Iquitos, Loreto, Peru, was planned. Upon enrollment, we will obtain blood, saliva, and mid-turbinate nasal swabs at enrollment with a follow-up visit on day 21-28 following enrollment to attain vital status and convalescent saliva and blood samples, as well as a questionnaire including clinical, socio-demographic, occupational, travel, and animal contact information for each participant. Whole blood samples are to be simultaneously tested for 32 pathogens using TaqMan array cards. Mid-turbinate samples will be tested for SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A and Influenza B. Conditional logistic regression models will be fitted treating case/control status as the outcome and with pathogen-specific sample positivity as predictors to attain estimates of attributable pathogen fractions for AFI. Discussion: The modular PCR platforms will allow for reporting of all primary results of respiratory samples within 72 hours and blood samples within one week, allowing for results to influence local medical practice and enable timely public health responses. The inclusion of controls will allow for a more accurate estimate of the importance of specific, prevalent pathogens as a cause of acute illness. Study registration: Project 1791, Registro de Proyectos de Investigación en Salud Pública (PRISA), Instituto Nacional de Salud, Perú.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.21203/rs.3.rs-2635774/v1
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾

To top

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED