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  1. Book: Hypoglycemia in diabetes

    Cryer, Philip E.

    pathophysiology, prevalence, and prevention

    2009  

    Author's details Philip E. Cryer
    Keywords Hypoglycemia / physiopathology ; Hypoglycemia / etiology ; Hypoglycemia / prevention & control ; Diabetes Complications
    Language English
    Size XI, 171 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher American Diabetes Association
    Publishing place Alexandria, Va
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT016009719
    ISBN 978-1-58040-326-9 ; 1-58040-326-3
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  2. Article ; Online: Individualized Glycemic Goals and an Expanded Classification of Severe Hypoglycemia in Diabetes.

    Cryer, Philip E

    Diabetes care

    2017  Volume 40, Issue 12, Page(s) 1641–1643

    Abstract: The view that a hemoglobin ... ...

    Abstract The view that a hemoglobin A
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 441231-x
    ISSN 1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
    ISSN (online) 1935-5548
    ISSN 0149-5992
    DOI 10.2337/dc16-1741
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Book: Hypoglycemia

    Cryer, Philip E.

    pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment

    1997  

    Author's details Philip E. Cryer
    Keywords Hypoglycemia / physiopathology ; Hypoglycemia / therapy ; Hypoglycemia / diagnosis ; Glucose / metabolism ; Hypoglykämie
    Subject Hypoglycaemia ; Hypoglycemia ; Unterzuckerung ; Blutzucker
    Language English
    Size VIII,184 S. : graph. Darst.
    Publisher Oxford Univ. Press
    Publishing place New York u.a.
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT008187804
    ISBN 0-19-511325-X ; 978-0-19-511325-9
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  4. Article ; Online: Hypoglycemia-Associated Autonomic Failure in Diabetes: Maladaptive, Adaptive, or Both?

    Cryer, Philip E

    Diabetes

    2015  Volume 64, Issue 7, Page(s) 2322–2323

    MeSH term(s) Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/complications ; Male ; Thrombosis/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 80085-5
    ISSN 1939-327X ; 0012-1797
    ISSN (online) 1939-327X
    ISSN 0012-1797
    DOI 10.2337/db15-0331
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Glycemic goals in diabetes: trade-off between glycemic control and iatrogenic hypoglycemia.

    Cryer, Philip E

    Diabetes

    2014  Volume 63, Issue 7, Page(s) 2188–2195

    Abstract: The selection of a glycemic goal in a person with diabetes is a compromise between the documented upside of glycemic control-the partial prevention or delay of microvascular complications-and the documented downside of glycemic control-the recurrent ... ...

    Abstract The selection of a glycemic goal in a person with diabetes is a compromise between the documented upside of glycemic control-the partial prevention or delay of microvascular complications-and the documented downside of glycemic control-the recurrent morbidity and potential mortality of iatrogenic hypoglycemia. The latter is not an issue if glycemic control is accomplished with drugs that do not cause hypoglycemia or with substantial weight loss. However, hypoglycemia becomes an issue if glycemic control is accomplished with a sulfonylurea, a glinide, or insulin, particularly in the setting of absolute endogenous insulin deficiency with loss of the normal decrease in circulating insulin and increase in glucagon secretion and attenuation of the sympathoadrenal response as plasma glucose concentrations fall. Then the selection of a glycemic goal should be linked to the risk of hypoglycemia. A reasonable individualized glycemic goal is the lowest A1C that does not cause severe hypoglycemia and preserves awareness of hypoglycemia, preferably with little or no symptomatic or even asymptomatic hypoglycemia, at a given stage in the evolution of the individual's diabetes.
    MeSH term(s) Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus/blood ; Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; Diabetic Angiopathies/epidemiology ; Diabetic Angiopathies/prevention & control ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/chemically induced ; Hypoglycemia/epidemiology ; Hypoglycemia/prevention & control ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Iatrogenic Disease/prevention & control ; Morbidity ; Mortality ; Precision Medicine ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/statistics & numerical data
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; hemoglobin A1c protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80085-5
    ISSN 1939-327X ; 0012-1797
    ISSN (online) 1939-327X
    ISSN 0012-1797
    DOI 10.2337/db14-0059
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Book: Hypoglycemia in diabetes

    Cryer, Philip E

    pathophysiology, prevalence, and prevention

    2016  

    Institution American Diabetes Association,
    Author's details Philip E. Cryer
    MeSH term(s) Hypoglycemia/physiopathology ; Hypoglycemia/epidemiology ; Hypoglycemia/prevention & control ; Diabetes Complications
    Language English
    Size xiii, 178 pages :, illustrations
    Edition 3rd edition
    Document type Book
    ISBN 9781580406499 ; 1580406491
    Database Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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  7. Article ; Online: Mechanisms of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure in diabetes.

    Cryer, Philip E

    The New England journal of medicine

    2013  Volume 369, Issue 4, Page(s) 362–372

    MeSH term(s) Brain/metabolism ; Diabetes Complications/etiology ; Diabetes Complications/metabolism ; Diabetes Complications/physiopathology ; Diabetes Mellitus/metabolism ; Glucagon/secretion ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/diagnosis ; Hypoglycemia/etiology ; Hypoglycemia/physiopathology ; Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects ; Insulin/adverse effects ; Insulin/blood ; Pure Autonomic Failure/etiology ; Sulfonylurea Compounds/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Hypoglycemic Agents ; Insulin ; Sulfonylurea Compounds ; Glucagon (9007-92-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-07-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMra1215228
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Response to Comment on: Cryer. Severe hypoglycemia predicts mortality in diabetes. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1814-1816.

    Cryer, Philip E

    Diabetes care

    2013  Volume 36, Issue 4, Page(s) e61

    MeSH term(s) Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/mortality ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/mortality ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/mortality ; Hypoglycemia/physiopathology ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-03-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 441231-x
    ISSN 1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
    ISSN (online) 1935-5548
    ISSN 0149-5992
    DOI 10.2337/dc12-2253
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure in diabetes.

    Cryer, Philip E

    Handbook of clinical neurology

    2013  Volume 117, Page(s) 295–307

    Abstract: The concept of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF) in diabetes posits that recent antecedent hypoglycemia, as well as sleep or prior exercise, causes both defective glucose counterregulation (by attenuating the adrenomedullary epinephrine ... ...

    Abstract The concept of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF) in diabetes posits that recent antecedent hypoglycemia, as well as sleep or prior exercise, causes both defective glucose counterregulation (by attenuating the adrenomedullary epinephrine response, in the setting of absent insulin and glucagon responses) and hypoglycemia unawareness (by attenuating the sympathoadrenal, largely the sympathetic neural, response) and thus a vicious cycle of recurrent hypoglycemia. Albeit with different time courses, the pathophysiology of defense against hypoglycemia - no decrease in therapeutic insulin, no increase in glucagon and an attenuated increase in sympathoadrenal activity - is the same in type 1 diabetes and advanced type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycemia unawareness is reversible by 2-3 weeks of scrupulous avoidance of hypoglycemia in most affected patients. The pathophysiology of HAAF in diabetes explains why the incidence of hypoglycemia increases as patients approach the absolute endogenous insulin deficient end of the disease, provides a comprehensive set of risk factors including those indicative of HAAF, and leads logically to the practice of hypoglycemia risk factor reduction. Because of the risk of hypoglycemic mortality, presumably from cardiac arrhythmias, glycemic goals in diabetes should be individualized, based in part on the risk of hypoglycemia. By practicing hypoglycemia risk reduction - addressing the issue, applying the principles of aggressive glycemic therapy and considering both the conventional risk factors and those indicative of HAAF - it is possible to both improve glycemic control and reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in many patients with diabetes.
    MeSH term(s) Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/etiology ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus/pathology ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ISSN 0072-9752
    ISSN 0072-9752
    DOI 10.1016/B978-0-444-53491-0.00023-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Severe hypoglycemia predicts mortality in diabetes.

    Cryer, Philip E

    Diabetes care

    2012  Volume 35, Issue 9, Page(s) 1814–1816

    MeSH term(s) Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/mortality ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/mortality ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/mortality ; Hypoglycemia/physiopathology ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-08-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 441231-x
    ISSN 1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
    ISSN (online) 1935-5548
    ISSN 0149-5992
    DOI 10.2337/dc12-0749
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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